Wolfgang Bibel – författare
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32 produkter
32 produkter
Del 8 - Applied Logic Series
Automated Deduction - A Basis for Applications Volume I Foundations - Calculi and Methods Volume II Systems and Implementation Techniques Volume III Applications
Inbunden, Engelska, 1998
2 131 kr
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The nationwide research project "Deduktion", funded by the "Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)" for a period of six years, brought together almost all research groups within Germany engaged in the field of automated reasoning. Intensive co-operation and exchange of ideas led to considerable progress both in the theoretical foundations and in the application of deductive knowledge. This book covers these original contributions moulded into the state of the art of automated deduction. The three volumes are intended to document and advance a development in the field of automated deduction that can now be observed all over the world. Rather than restricting the interest to purely academic research, the focus now is on the investigation of problems derived from realistic applications. In fact industrial applications are already pursued on a trial basis.In consequence the emphasis of the volumes is not on the presentation of the theoretical foundations of logical deduction as such, as in a handbook; rather the books present the concepts and methods now available in automated deduction in a form which can be easily accessed by scientists working in applications outside of the field of deduction. This reflects the strong conviction that automated deduction is on the verge of being fully included in the evolution of technology. Volume I focuses on basic research in deduction and on the knowledge on which modern deductive systems are based. Volume II presents techniques of implementation and details about system building. Volume III deals with applications of deductive techniques mainly, but not exclusively, to mathematics and the verification of software. Each chapter was read by two referees, one an international expert from abroad and the other a knowledgeable participant in the national project. It has been accepted for inclusion on the basis of these review reports.The text should be of interest to researchers and developers in software engineering, formal methods, certification, verification, validation, specification of complex systems and software, expert systems and natural language processing.
Del 9 - Applied Logic Series
Automated Deduction - A Basis for Applications Volume I Foundations - Calculi and Methods Volume II Systems and Implementation Techniques Volume III Applications
Inbunden, Engelska, 1998
2 131 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
The nationwide research project "Deduktion", funded by the "Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)" for a period of six years, brought together almost all research groups within Germany engaged in the field of automated reasoning. Intensive co-operation and exchange of ideas led to considerable progress both in the theoretical foundations and in the application of deductive knowledge. This book covers these original contributions moulded into the state of the art of automated deduction. The three volumes are intended to document and advance a development in the field of automated deduction that can now be observed all over the world. Rather than restricting the interest to purely academic research, the focus now is on the investigation of problems derived from realistic applications. In fact industrial applications are already pursued on a trial basis.In consequence the emphasis of the volumes is not on the presentation of the theoretical foundations of logical deduction as such, as in a handbook; rather the books present the concepts and methods now available in automated deduction in a form which can be easily accessed by scientists working in applications outside of the field of deduction. This reflects the strong conviction that automated deduction is on the verge of being fully included in the evolution of technology. Volume I focuses on basic research in deduction and on the knowledge on which modern deductive systems are based. Volume II presents techniques of implementation and details about system building. Volume III deals with applications of deductive techniques mainly, but not exclusively, to mathematics and the verification of software. Each chapter was read by two referees, one an international expert from abroad and the other a knowledgeable participant in the national project. It has been accepted for inclusion on the basis of these review reports.The text should be of interest to researchers and developers in software engineering, formal methods, certification, verification, validation, specification of complex systems and software, expert systems and natural language processing.
Del 10 - Applied Logic Series
Automated Deduction - A Basis for Applications Volume I Foundations - Calculi and Methods Volume II Systems and Implementation Techniques Volume III Applications
Inbunden, Engelska, 1998
1 648 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
The nationwide research project "Deduktion", funded by the "Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)" for a period of six years, brought together almost all research groups within Germany engaged in the field of automated reasoning. Intensive co-operation and exchange of ideas led to considerable progress both in the theoretical foundations and in the application of deductive knowledge. This book covers these original contributions moulded into the state of the art of automated deduction. The three volumes are intended to document and advance a development in the field of automated deduction that can now be observed all over the world. Rather than restricting the interest to purely academic research, the focus now is on the investigation of problems derived from realistic applications. In fact industrial applications are already pursued on a trial basis.In consequence the emphasis of the volumes is not on the presentation of the theoretical foundations of logical deduction as such, as in a handbook; rather the books present the concepts and methods now available in automated deduction in a form which can be easily accessed by scientists working in applications outside of the field of deduction. This reflects the strong conviction that automated deduction is on the verge of being fully included in the evolution of technology. Volume I focuses on basic research in deduction and on the knowledge on which modern deductive systems are based. Volume II presents techniques of implementation and details about system building. Volume III deals with applications of deductive techniques mainly, but not exclusively, to mathematics and the verification of software. Each chapter was read by two referees, one an international expert from abroad and the other a knowledgeable participant in the national project. It has been accepted for inclusion on the basis of these review reports.The text should be of interest to researchers and developers in software engineering, formal methods, certification, verification, validation, specification of complex systems and software, expert systems and natural language processing.
4 212 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
The nationwide research project "Deduktion", funded by the "Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)" for a period of six years, brought together almost all research groups within Germany engaged in the field of automated reasoning. Intensive co-operation and exchange of ideas led to considerable progress both in the theoretical foundations and in the application of deductive knowledge. This three-volume set covers these original contributions moulded into the state of the art of automated deduction. The three volumes are intended to document and advance a development in the field of automated deduction that can now be observed all over the world. Rather than restricting the interest to purely academic research, the focus now is on the investigation of problems derived from realistic applications. In fact industrial applications are already pursued on a trial basis.In consequence the emphasis of the volumes is not on the presentation of the theoretical foundations of logical deduction as such, as in a handbook; rather the books present the concepts and methods now available in automated deduction in a form which can be easily accessed by scientists working in applications outside of the field of deduction. This reflects the strong conviction that automated deduction is on the verge of being fully included in the evolution of technology. Volume I focuses on basic research in deduction and on the knowledge on which modern deductive systems are based. Volume II presents techniques of implementation and details about system building. Volume III deals with applications of deductive techniques mainly, but not exclusively, to mathematics and the verification of software. Each chapter was read by two referees, one an international expert from abroad and the other a knowledgeable participant in the national project. It has been accepted for inclusion on the basis of these review reports.The text should be of interest to researchers and developers in software engineering, formal methods, certification, verification, validation, specification of complex systems and software, expert systems and natural language processing.
Del 31 - Mathematical Research
Mathematical Methods of Specification and Synthesis of Software Systems ‘85
Proceedings of the International Spring School, held in Wendisch-Rietz (GDR), April 22–26, 1985
Inbunden, Engelska, 1986
1 856 kr
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No detailed description available for "Mathematical Methods of Specification and Synthesis of Software Systems ‘85".
Grundlagen zur Neuroinformatik und Neurobiologie
The Computational Brain in deutscher Sprache
Häftad, Tyska, 2012
801 kr
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The Computational Brain, das aussergewohnliche Buch uber vergleichende Forschung in den Bereichen von menschlichem Gehirn und neuesten Moglichkeiten der Computertechnologie, liegt hiermit erstmals in deutscher Sprache vor. Geschrieben von einem fuhrenden Forscherteam in den USA, ist es eine Fundgrube fur alle, die wissen wollen, was der Stand der Wissenschaft auf diesem Gebiet ist. Die Autoren fuhren die Bereiche der Neuroinformatik und Neurobiologie mit gut ausgesuchten Beispielen und der gebotenen Hintergrundinformation gekonnt zusammen. Das Buch wird somit nicht nur dem Fachwissenschaftler sondern auch dem interdisziplinaren Interesse des Informatikers und des Biologen auf eine hervorragende Weise gerecht. Ubersetzt wurde das Buch von Prof. Dr. Steffen Holldobler und Dipl.-Biol. Claudia Holldobler, einem Informatiker und einer Biologin. Rezension in Spektrum der Wissenschaft nr. 10, S. 122 f. im Oktober 1997 (...) Die 1992 erschienene amerikanische Originalausgabe des vorliegenden Werkes ist so erfolgreich, dass man bereits von einem Klassiker reden kann. (...) (...) ...ist das Buch sehr zu empfehlen.In Verbindung von Neurobiologie und Neuroinformatik konkurrenzlos, vermittelt es einiges von der Faszination theoretischer Hirnforschung, die auch in Deutschland zunehmend mehr Wissenschaftler in ihren Bann schlagt. Rezension erschienen in: Computer Spektrum 3/1997, S. 2 (...)Das Buch wird somit nicht nur dem Fachwissenschaftler, sondern auch den interdisziplinaren Interesse des Informatikers und des Biologen auf eine hervorragende Weise gerecht(...)
553 kr
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This book contains a selection of revised papers and state-of-the-art overviews on current trends and future perspectives of fuzzy systems. A major aim is to address theoretical as well as application-oriented issues and to contribute to the foundation of concepts, methods, and tools in this field. The book is written by researchers who attended the workshop "Fuzzy Systems '93 - Management of Uncertain Information" (Braunschweig, Germany, October 21-22, 1993), organized by the German Society of Computer Science (GI), the German Computer Science Academy (DIA), and the University of Braunschweig.Dieses Buch enthalt ausgewahlte und auf neuesten Stand gebrachte Fachaufsatze und "State of the Art"-Ubersichtsartikel in englischer Sprache. Sie geben einen Uberblick uber aktuelle Trends sowie Zukunftsperspektiven der Fuzzy-Systeme. Besonderer Wert wird darauf gelegt, dass das Buch in einem ausgewogenen Verhaltnis von Theorie und Praxis zur Fundierung von Konzepten, Methoden und Werkzeugen beitragt.Hervorgegangen ist das Werk aus einem von der Gesellschaft fur Informatik (GI), der Deutschen Informatik Akademie (DIA) und der TU Braunschweig gemeinsam veranstalteten GI-Workshop "Fuzzy-Systeme '93 - Management unsicherer Informationen" (Braunschweig, 21.-22.10.1993). Die Aufsatze wurden uberarbeitet und um Uberblicksartikel erganzt, geschrieben von H. J. Zimmermann, H. Hellendorn, D. Nauck, C. Freksa, S. Gottwald und K. D. Meyer-Gramann.
SAP R/3® Guide to EDI and Interfaces
Cut your Implementation Cost with IDocs®, ALE® and RFC®
Häftad, Engelska, 2014
538 kr
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Where Has the Money Gone? 1.1 Communication ............................................................................................................... 2 More than 80% of the time of an EDI project is lost in waiting for answers, trying to understand proposals and retrieving data nobody actually needs. 1.2 Psychology of Communication ...................................................................................... 3 Bringing developers together accelerates every project. Especially when both parties are so much dependent on each other as in an EDI project, the partners need to communicate without pause. 1.3 Phantom SAP Standards and a Calculation ................................................................. 4 SAP RI3 delivers a serious of predefined EDI programs. Many project administrators see them as standards which should not be manipulated or modified. The truth is, that these IDoc processing functions are recommendations and example routines, which can be replaced be own routines in customizing. 1.4 Strategy ............................................................................................................................ 5 Do not loose your time in plans. Have prototypes developed and take them as a basis. 1.5 Who Is On Duty? .............................................................................................................. 5 Writing interface programs is much like translating languages. The same rule apply. 1.6 Marcus T. Cicero .............................................................................................................. 6 Some may have learned it in school: the basic rules of rhetoric according to Cicero. You will know the answers, when your program is at its end. Why don't you ask the questions in the beginning?Ask the right question, then you will know. Wltat Are SAP RI3 'Docs? 2.1 What Are IDocs? .............................................................................................................. 8 IDocs are structured ASCII files (or a virtual equivalent). They are the file format used by SAP R/3 to exchange data with foreign systems.
Ausgezeichnete Informatikdissertationen 1996
Im Auftrag der Gl herausgegeben durch den Nominierungsausschuß
Häftad, Tyska, 1998
503 kr
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Die Gesellschaft für Informatik (GI) zeichnet jedes Jahr eine Informatikdisser tation durch einen Preis aus. Die Auswahl dieser Dissertation stützt sich auf die von den Universitäten und Hochschulen für diesen Preis vorgeschlagenen Dissertationen. Somit sind die Teilnehmer an dem Auswahlverfahren der GI bereits als "Preisträger" ihrer Hochschule ausgezeichnet. Der Ausschuß der GI, der den Preisträger aus der Reihe der vorgeschlagenen Kandidaten nominiert, veranstaltete in Räumen der Akademie der Wissen schaften und Literatur Mainzein Kolloquium, das den Kandidaten Gelegenheit bot, ihre Resultate im Kreis der Mitbewerber vorzustellen und zu verteidigen. Der Ausschuß war von dem hohen Niveau der eingereichten Arbeiten und der Präsentation sehr positiv beeindruckt. Die Teilnehmer begrüßten die Veran staltung des Kolloquiums sehr, nahmen an der Diskussion teil und schätzten die Möglichkeit, mit den Teilnehmern aus anderen Hochschulen ins Gespräch zu kommen. Zu dem Erfolg des Kolloquiums trug auch die großzügige Gast freundschaft der Akademie bei, der hier dafür auch gedankt sei. Es fiel dem Ausschuß schwer, unter den nach dem Kolloquium in die engere Wahl genommenen Kandidaten den Preisträger zu bestimmen. Die Publikation der hier präsentierten Kurzfassungen gleicht die Ungerechtigkeit der Auswahl eines Kandidaten unter mehreren ebenbürtigen Kandidaten etwas aus.
501 kr
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Wissensbasierte Systeme
Architektur, Entwicklung, Echtzeitanwendungen - Eine praxisgerechte Einführung
Häftad, Tyska, 1992
553 kr
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Wissensbasierte Systeme bilden ein Teilgebiet der Kunstlichen Intelligenz (KI) und umfassen schwerpunktmassig Expertensysteme, aber z.B. auch Naturlichsprachliche und Bildverstehende Systeme. Wissensbasierte Systeme verfugen uber komplexe Formalismen zur Reprasentation und umfangreiche Techniken zur Verarbeitung von Wissen.Das Buch richtet sich sowohl an Studenten wie auch an Praktiker. Es gibt einen kompetenten Uberblick von den Grundlagen bis hin zu den Anwendungen. Die verschiedenen Komponenten bei der Arbeit mit Wissensbasierten Systemen (Wissensbasis, Inferenzmaschine, Akquisition, Erklarung und Dialog) werden in ihrem Zusammenwirken verstandlich dargestellt. Insbesondere wird dem Gesichtspunkt der Echtzeitfahigkeit Wissensbasierter Systeme Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt.
603 kr
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Das Gebiet der Wissensprasentation und Inferenz umfasst einen zentralen Bereich der Intellektik, d.h. des Gebietes der Kunstlichen Intelligenz und der Kognitionswissenschaft. Es behandelt einerseits die Fragen nach einer formalen Beschreibung von Wissen jeglicher Art, besonders unter dem Aspekt einer maschinellen Verarbeitung in modernen Computern. Andererseits versucht es, das Alltagsschliessen des Menschen so zu formalisieren, dass logische Schlusse auch von Maschinen ausgefuhrt werden konnten. Das Buch gibt eine ausfuhrliche Einfuhrung in dieses umfangreiche Gebiet. Dem Studenten dient es im Rahmen einer solchen Vorlesung oder zum Selbststudium als umfassende Unterlage, und der Praktiker zieht einen grossen Gewinn aus der Lekture dieses modernen Stoffes, der in dieser Breite bisher nicht verfugbar war. Daruber hinaus leistet das Buch einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Forschung dadurch, dass viele Ansatze auf diesem Gebiet in ihren inneren Bezugen in ihrer Bedeutung klarer erkennbar werden und so eine solide Basis fur die zukunftige Forschungsarbeit geschaffen ist.Der Leser ist nach der Lekture dieses Werkes in der Lage, sich mit Details der Wissensprasentation und Inferenz auseinanderzusetzen.
501 kr
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Neuronale Netze sind in den letzten Jahren Gegenstand intensiver Forschungen gewesen. Dieses Buch verbindet die Darstellung neuester Ergebnisse aus dem Bereich der Lernverfahren mit anwendungsbezogenen Aspekten. Es werden methodische Prinzipien der Erstellung von Softwaresystemen, die auf konnektionistischen Verfahren basieren, herausgearbeitet. Fallbeispiele aus unterschiedlichen Anwendungsdomanen zeigen die vielfaltigen Einsatzmoglichkeiten fur Neuronale Netze.
452 kr
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Fuzzy-Clusteranalyse
Verfahren für die Bilderkennung, Klassifizierung und Datenanalyse
Häftad, Tyska, 1997
454 kr
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Dieses Buch ist das Standardwerk zu einem neuen Bereich der angewandten Fuzzy-Technologie, der Fuzzy-Clusteranalyse. Diese beinhaltet Verfahren der Mustererkennung zur Gruppierung und Strukturierung von Daten. Dabei werden im Gegensatz zu klassischen Clustering-Techniken die Daten nicht eindeutig zu Klassen zugeordnet, sondern Zugehorigkeitsgrade bestimmt, so dass die Fuzzy-Verfahren robust gegenuber gestorten oder verrauschten Daten sind und fliessende Klassenubergange handhaben konnen. Dieses Werk gibt eine methodische Einfuhrung in die zahlreichen Fuzzy-Clustering-Algorithmen mit ihren Anwendungen in den Bereichen Datenanalyse, Erzeugung von Regeln fur Fuzzy-Regler, Klassifikations- und Approximationsprobleme sowie eine ausfuhrliche Darstellung des Shell-Clustering zur Erkennung von geometrischen Konturen in Bildern.
Multiobjective Heuristic Search
An Introduction to intelligent Search Methods for Multicriteria Optimization
Häftad, Engelska, 1999
552 kr
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A large number of problems require the optimization of multiple criteria. Classical multicriteria optimization techniques rely on single criteria optimization algorithms, and hence we are either required to optimize one criterion at a time (under constraints on the others), or we are asked for a single scalar combined optimization function.
Scalable Search in Computer Chess
Algorithmic Enhancements and Experiments at High Search Depths
Häftad, Engelska, 1999
1 096 kr
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The text presents results of computer-chess research in the areas of selective forward pruning, the efficient application of game-theoretical knowledge, and the behaviour of the search at increasing depths. It shows how to make sophisticated game-tree searchers more scalable at ever higher depths. Throughout the whole book, the high-speed and master-strength chess program, "DarkThought" serves as a realistic test vehicle to conduct numerous experiments at unprecedented search depths. The extensive experimental evaluations provide convincing empirical evidence for the practical usefulness of the presented techniques.
Information Mining
Methoden, Algorithmen und Anwendungen intelligenter Datenanalyse
Häftad, Tyska, 2000
553 kr
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Das Buch behandelt die wichtigsten Methoden zur Erkennung und Extraktion von "Wissen" aus numerischen und nichtnumerischen Datenbanken in Technik und Wirtschaft. Hierzu gehoren Algorithmen zur Vorverarbeitung, Aufbereitung, Visualisierung und Analyse von Daten. Neben linearen statistischen Methoden werden moderne Verfahren aus den Gebieten Clusteranalyse, Fuzzy-Logik, Neuroinformatik, maschinelles Lernen, Entscheidungsbaume und Agentensysteme vorgestellt.
569 kr
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538 kr
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This is the second and slightly revised edition of this book. A few errors have been fixed, and some references to related work have been added. I thank the readers for their comments on the first edition. We analyze the search efficiency of a number of common refutational theorem proving strategies on propositional and near-propositional prob lems. Search efficiency is concerned with the total number of proofs and partial proofs generated, rather than with the sizes of the proofs. We show that most common strategies produce search spaces of expo nential size even on simple sets of clauses, or else are not sensitive to the goal. However, clause linking, which uses a reduction to proposi tional calculus, has behavior that is more favorable in some respects, a property that it shares with methods that cache subgoals. A strat egy which is of interest for term-rewriting based theorem proving is the A-ordering strategy, and we discuss it in some detail. We show some advantages of A-ordering over other strategies, which may help to explain its efficiency in practice. We also point out some of its com binatorial inefficiencies, especially in relation to goal-sensitivity and irrelevant clauses. In addition, SLD-resolution, which is of importance for Prolog implementation, has combinatorial inefficiencies; this may suggest basing Prolog implementations on a different theorem proving strategy. We also develop techniques for studying the asymptotic complexity of first-order theorem provers. This permits an analytic comparison of the worst-case performances of various theorem proving methods.
454 kr
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1 101 kr
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Since both the coments and the structure of the book appeared to be successful, only minor changes were made. As the world today has become so complex that humans apparently fail to manage it properly with their intellectual gifts, the realization of this dream might be regarded even as something like a necessity.
538 kr
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569 kr
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Mathematical Methods of Specification and Synthesis of Software Systems '85
Proceedings of the International Spring School Wendisch-Rietz, GDR, April 22-26, 1985
Häftad, Engelska, 1986
554 kr
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554 kr
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This volume contains the elaborated and harmonized versions of seven lectures given at the first Advanced Course in Artificial Intelligence, held in Vignieu, France, in July 1985. Most of them were written in tutorial form; the book thus provides an extremely valuable guide to the fundamental aspects of AI. In the first part, Delgrande and Mylopoulos discuss the concept of knowledge and its representation. The second part is devoted to the processing of knowledge. The contribution by Huet shows that both computation and inference or deduction are just different aspects of the same phenomenon. The chapter written by Stickel gives a thorough and knowledgeable introduction to the most important aspects of deduction by some form of resolution. The kind of reasoning that is involved in inductive inference problem solving (or programming) from examples, and in learning, is covered by Biermann. The tutorial by Bibel covers the more important forms of knowledge processing that might play a significant role in common sense reasoning. The third part of the book focuses on logic programming and functional programming. Jorrand presents the language FP2, where term rewriting forms the basis for the semantics of both functional and parallel programming. In the last chapter, Shapiro gives an overview of the current state of concurrent PROLOG.
569 kr
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Der vorliegende Studien- und Forschungsführer Künstliche Intelligenz gibt einen aktuellen Überblick über die in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und in Österreich bestehenden Ausbildungsmöglichkeiten im Hochschulbereich und die Forschungsaktivitäten und -förderungsprogramme im öffentlichen und industriellen Bereich. Das Gebiet der Künstlichen Intelligenz (engl. Artificial Intelligence) hat in den USA, England und anderen Ländern bereits einen festen Platz in den Lehrplänen und in der Forschung gefunden und erlebt derzeit auch hierzulande einen enormen akademischen Aufschwung. Nicht zuletzt wegen der vielfältigen Anwendungsmöglichkeiten steht dieses Gebiet heute weltweit im Zentrum des Interesses und wird von einigen Ländern mit Aufwendungen in Milliardenhöhe gefördert. Die Künstliche Intelligenz hat sich in Deutschland erst sehr spät und gegen einigen Widerstand entwickeln können. Inzwischen gibt es jedoch Vorlesungen und Seminare an vielen deutschen Universitäten, einzelne Universitäten bieten sogar eine dem Ausland vergleichbare KI-Ausbildung an, die in die Informatik-Studienpläne integriert ist; einen eigenen KI-Studiengang gibt es allerdings bisher in Deutschland noch nicht. Die Informationen dieser Broschüre wurden von den Herausgebern im Namen des Fachausschusses 1.2 "Künstliche Intelligenz und Mustererkennung" der Gesellschaft für Informatik zusammengestellt.
554 kr
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603 kr
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Automated Deduction - A Basis for Applications Volume I Foundations - Calculi and Methods Volume II Systems and Implementation Techniques Volume III Applications
Häftad, Engelska, 2010
2 131 kr
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The nationwide research project 'Deduktion', funded by the 'Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)' for a period of six years, brought together almost all research groups within Germany engaged in the field of automated reasoning. Intensive cooperation and exchange of ideas led to considerable progress both in the theoretical foundations and in the application of deductive knowledge. This three-volume book covers these original contributions moulded into the state of the art of automated deduction. The three volumes are intended to document and advance a development in the field of automated deduction that can now be observed all over the world. Rather than restricting the interest to purely academic research, the focus now is on the investigation of problems derived from realistic applications. In fact industrial applications are already pursued on a trial basis.In consequence the emphasis of the volumes is not on the presentation of the theoretical foundations of logical deduction as such, as in a handbook; rather the books present the concepts and methods now available in automated deduction in a form which can be easily accessed by scientists working in applications outside of the field of deduction. This reflects the strong conviction that automated deduction is on the verge of being fully included in the evolution of technology. Volume I focuses on basic research in deduction and on the knowledge on which modern deductive systems are based. Volume II presents techniques of implementation and details about system building. Volume III deals with applications of deductive techniques mainly, but not exclusively, to mathematics and the verification of software. Each chapter was read by two referees, one an international expert from abroad and the other a knowledgeable participant in the national project. It has been accepted for inclusion on the basis of these review reports.Audience: Researchers and developers in software engineering, formal methods, certification, verification, validation, specification of complex systems and software, expert systems, natural language processing.