Emergence, Complexity and Computation - Böcker

This book provides a gradual introduction to the naming game, starting from the minimal naming game, where the agents have infinite memories (Chapter 2), before moving on to various new and advanced settings: the naming game with agents possessing finite-sized memories (Chapter 3); the naming game with group discussions (Chapter 4); the naming game with learning errors in communications (Chapter 5) ; the naming game on multi-community networks (Chapter 6) ; the naming game with multiple words or sentences (Chapter 7) ; and the naming game with multiple languages (Chapter 8). Presenting the authors’ own research findings and developments, the book provides a solid foundation for future advances. This self-study resource is intended for researchers, practitioners, graduate and undergraduate students in the fields of computer science, network science, linguistics, data engineering, statistical physics, social science and applied mathematics.

On the other hand, the problem is that even at the sensing stage each unicellular organism can be regarded as a logic gate in which the number of outputs (means of perceiving signals) greatly exceeds the number of inputs (signals).

Software implementations include distance-vector algorithms for distributed path computation in dynamics networks, parallel solutions of the constrained shortest path problem, and application of the shortest path solutions in gathering robotic swarms.

This book introduces characteristic features of the protein structure prediction (PSP) problem. It focuses on systematic selection and improvement of the most appropriate metaheuristic algorithm to solve the problem based on a fitness landscape analysis, rather than on the nature of the problem, which was the focus of methodologies in the past. Protein structure prediction is concerned with the question of how to determine the three-dimensional structure of a protein from its primary sequence. Recently a number of successful metaheuristic algorithms have been developed to determine the native structure, which plays an important role in medicine, drug design, and disease prediction.This interdisciplinary book consolidates the concepts most relevant to protein structure prediction (PSP) through global non-convex optimization. It is intended for graduate students from fields such as computer science, engineering, bioinformatics and as a reference for researchers and practitioners.

This book explores Probabilistic Cellular Automata (PCA) from the perspectives of statistical mechanics, probability theory, computational biology and computer science.

This book is a tribute to Kenichi Morita’s ideas and achievements in theoretical computer science, reversibility and computationally universal mathematical machines. It offers a unique source of information on universality and reversibility in computation and is an indispensable book for computer scientists, mathematicians, physicists and engineers. Morita is renowned for his works on two-dimensional language accepting automata, complexity of Turing machines, universality of cellular automata, regular and context-free array grammars, and undecidability. His high-impact works include findings on parallel generation and parsing of array languages by means of reversible automata, construction of a reversible automaton from Fredkin gates, solving a firing squad synchronization problem in reversible cellular automata, self-reproduction in reversible cellular spaces, universal reversible two-counter machines, solution of nondeterministic polynomial (NP) problems in hyperbolic cellular automata, reversible P-systems, a new universal reversible logic element with memory, and reversibility in asynchronous cellular automata.Kenichi Morita’s achievements in reversibility, universality and theory of computation are celebrated in over twenty high-profile contributions from his colleagues, collaborators, students and friends. The theoretical constructs presented in this book are amazing in their diversity and depth of intellectual insight, addressing: queue automata, hyperbolic cellular automata, Abelian invertible automata, number-conserving cellular automata, Brownian circuits, chemical automata, logical gates implemented via glider collisions, computation in swarm networks, picture arrays, universal reversible counter machines, input-position-restricted models of language acceptors, descriptional complexity and persistence of cellular automata, partitioned cellular automata, firing squad synchronization algorithms, reversible asynchronous automata, reversiblesimulations of ranking trees, Shor’s factorization algorithms, and power consumption of cellular automata.

This Festschrift is a tribute to Susan Stepney’s ideas and achievements in the areas of computer science, formal specifications and proofs, complex systems, unconventional computing, artificial chemistry, and artificial life. All chapters were written by internationally recognised leaders in computer science, physics, mathematics, and engineering. The book shares fascinating ideas, algorithms and implementations related to the formal specification of programming languages and applications, behavioural inheritance, modelling and analysis of complex systems, parallel computing and non-universality, growing cities, artificial life, evolving artificial neural networks, and unconventional computing. Accordingly, it offers an insightful and enjoyable work for readers from all walks of life, from undergraduate students to university professors, from mathematicians, computers scientists and engineers to physicists, chemists and biologists.

Helping readers connect these fields, it appeals to a wide audience, including computer scientists, engineers, mathematicians, physicists, biologists or economists.The book is richly illustrated and basic concepts are accessible to readers with basic training in science.

Helping readers connect these fields, it appeals to a wide audience, including computer scientists, engineers, mathematicians, physicists, biologists or economists.The book is richly illustrated and basic concepts are accessible to readers with basic training in science.

This book gathers together much of the author’s work – both old and new - to explore a number of the key increases in complexity seen in the natural world, seeking to explain each of them purely in terms of the features of fitness landscapes.

This book gathers together much of the author’s work – both old and new - to explore a number of the key increases in complexity seen in the natural world, seeking to explain each of them purely in terms of the features of fitness landscapes.

This book provides analytical and numerical methods for the estimation of dimension characteristics (Hausdorff, Fractal, Carathéodory dimensions) for attractors and invariant sets of dynamical systems and cocycles generated by smooth differential equations or maps in finite-dimensional Euclidean spaces or on manifolds.

This book provides analytical and numerical methods for the estimation of dimension characteristics (Hausdorff, Fractal, Carathéodory dimensions) for attractors and invariant sets of dynamical systems and cocycles generated by smooth differential equations or maps in finite-dimensional Euclidean spaces or on manifolds.

This present book discusses the application of the methods to astrophysical data from different perspectives. In this book, the reader will encounter interesting chapters that discuss data processing and pulsars, the complexity and information content of our universe, the use of tessellation in astronomy, characterization and classification of astronomical phenomena, identification of extragalactic objects, classification of pulsars and many other interesting chapters. The authors of these chapters are experts in their field and have been carefully selected to create this book so that the authors present to the community a representative publication that shows a unique fusion of artificial intelligence and astrophysics.

This present book discusses the application of the methods to astrophysical data from different perspectives. In this book, the reader will encounter interesting chapters that discuss data processing and pulsars, the complexity and information content of our universe, the use of tessellation in astronomy, characterization and classification of astronomical phenomena, identification of extragalactic objects, classification of pulsars and many other interesting chapters. The authors of these chapters are experts in their field and have been carefully selected to create this book so that the authors present to the community a representative publication that shows a unique fusion of artificial intelligence and astrophysics.

This book presents a collection of new articles written by world-leading experts and active researchers to present their recent finding and progress in the new area of chaotic systems and dynamics, regarding emerging subjects of unconventional chaotic systems and their complex dynamics.It guide readers directly to the research front of the new scientific studies. This book is unique of its kind in the current literature, presenting broad scientific research topics including multistability and hidden attractors in unconventional chaotic systems, such as chaotic systems without equilibria, with only stable equilibria, with a curve or a surface of equilibria. The book describes many novel phenomena observed from chaotic systems, such as non-Shilnikov type chaos, coexistence of different types of attractors, and spontaneous symmetry breaking in chaotic systems. The book presents state-of-the-art scientific research progress in the field with both theoretical advances and potential applications. This book is suitable for all researchers and professionals in the areas of nonlinear dynamics and complex systems, including research professionals, physicists, applied mathematicians, computer scientists and, in particular, graduate students in related fields.

This book presents a collection of new articles written by world-leading experts and active researchers to present their recent finding and progress in the new area of chaotic systems and dynamics, regarding emerging subjects of unconventional chaotic systems and their complex dynamics.It guide readers directly to the research front of the new scientific studies. This book is unique of its kind in the current literature, presenting broad scientific research topics including multistability and hidden attractors in unconventional chaotic systems, such as chaotic systems without equilibria, with only stable equilibria, with a curve or a surface of equilibria. The book describes many novel phenomena observed from chaotic systems, such as non-Shilnikov type chaos, coexistence of different types of attractors, and spontaneous symmetry breaking in chaotic systems. The book presents state-of-the-art scientific research progress in the field with both theoretical advances and potential applications. This book is suitable for all researchers and professionals in the areas of nonlinear dynamics and complex systems, including research professionals, physicists, applied mathematicians, computer scientists and, in particular, graduate students in related fields.

This book presents state-of-the-art solution methods and applications of stochastic optimal control. It is a collection of extended papers discussed at the traditional Liverpool workshop on controlled stochastic processes with participants from both the east and the west. New problems are formulated, and progresses of ongoing research are reported.Topics covered in this book include theoretical results and numerical methods for Markov and semi-Markov decision processes, optimal stopping of Markov processes, stochastic games, problems with partial information, optimal filtering, robust control, Q-learning, and self-organizing algorithms. Real-life case studies and applications, e.g., queueing systems, forest management, control of water resources, marketing science, and healthcare, are presented. Scientific researchers and postgraduate students interested in stochastic optimal control,- as well as practitioners will find this book appealing and a valuable reference.​

This book presents state-of-the-art solution methods and applications of stochastic optimal control. It is a collection of extended papers discussed at the traditional Liverpool workshop on controlled stochastic processes with participants from both the east and the west. New problems are formulated, and progresses of ongoing research are reported.Topics covered in this book include theoretical results and numerical methods for Markov and semi-Markov decision processes, optimal stopping of Markov processes, stochastic games, problems with partial information, optimal filtering, robust control, Q-learning, and self-organizing algorithms. Real-life case studies and applications, e.g., queueing systems, forest management, control of water resources, marketing science, and healthcare, are presented. Scientific researchers and postgraduate students interested in stochastic optimal control,- as well as practitioners will find this book appealing and a valuable reference.​

Topics include cellular automata, complex networks, models of computation, expansive systems, sandpile automata, Penrose tilings, Boolean automata, models of infection, Fibonacci trees, dominos, reversible automata, and fungal automata.

Topics include cellular automata, complex networks, models of computation, expansive systems, sandpile automata, Penrose tilings, Boolean automata, models of infection, Fibonacci trees, dominos, reversible automata, and fungal automata.

This book provides a friendly introduction to the paradigm and proposes a broad panorama of killing applications of the Infinity Computer in optimization: radically new numerical algorithms, great theoretical insights, efficient software implementations, and interesting practical case studies.

This book provides a friendly introduction to the paradigm and proposes a broad panorama of killing applications of the Infinity Computer in optimization: radically new numerical algorithms, great theoretical insights, efficient software implementations, and interesting practical case studies. This is the first book presenting to the readers interested in optimization the advantages of a recently introduced supercomputing paradigm that allows to numerically work with different infinities and infinitesimals on the Infinity Computer patented in several countries. One of the editors of the book is the creator of the Infinity Computer, and another editor was the first who has started to use it in optimization. Their results were awarded by numerous scientific prizes. This engaging book opens new horizons for researchers, engineers, professors, and students with interests in supercomputing paradigms, optimization, decision making, game theory, and foundations of mathematics and computerscience.“Mathematicians have never been comfortable handling infinities… But an entirely new type of mathematics looks set to by-pass the problem… Today, Yaroslav Sergeyev, a mathematician at the University of Calabria in Italy solves this problem… ”MIT Technology Review“These ideas and future hardware prototypes may be productive in all fields of science where infinite and infinitesimal numbers (derivatives, integrals, series, fractals) are used.” A. Adamatzky, Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Unconventional Computing.“I am sure that the new approach … will have a very deep impact both on Mathematics and Computer Science.” D. Trigiante, Computational Management Science.“Within the grossone framework, it becomes feasible to deal computationally with infinite quantities, in a way that is both new (in the sense that previously intractable problems become amenable to computation) and natural”. R. Gangle, G. Caterina, F. Tohmé, Soft Computing.“The computational features offered by the Infinity Computer allow us to dynamically change the accuracy of representation and floating-point operations during the flow of a computation. When suitably implemented, this possibility turns out to be particularly advantageous when solving ill-conditioned problems. In fact, compared with a standard multi-precision arithmetic, here the accuracy is improved only when needed, thus not affecting that much the overall computational effort.” P. Amodio, L. Brugnano, F. Iavernaro & F. Mazzia, Soft Computing

John Horton Conway, the playful and legendary mathematician's wide range of contributions in science which includes research areas—Game of Life in cellular automata, theory of finite groups, knot theory, number theory, combinatorial game theory, and coding theory.

This book brings together the impact of Prof. John Horton Conway, the playful and legendary mathematician's wide range of contributions in science which includes research areas—Game of Life in cellular automata, theory of finite groups, knot theory, number theory, combinatorial game theory, and coding theory.  It contains transcripts where some eminent scientists have shared their first-hand experience of interacting with Conway, as well as some invited research articles from the experts focusing on Game of Life, cellular automata, and the diverse research directions that started with Conway's Game of Life. The book paints a portrait of Conway's research life and philosophical direction in mathematics and is of interest to whoever wants to explore his contribution to the history and philosophy of mathematics and computer science. It is designed as a small tribute to Prof. Conway whom we lost on April 11, 2020.

This book presents unique compendium of groundbreaking ideas where scientists from many different backgrounds are united in their interest in interdisciplinary approaches towards origins and development of cancers, innovative ways of searching for cancer treatment and the role of cancer in the evolution. Chapters give an unequivocal slice of all areas that relate to a quest for understanding cancer and its origin as many-fold nonlinear system, complexity of the cancer developments, a search for cancer treatment using  artificial intelligence and evolutionary optimisation, novel modelling techniques, molecular origin of cancer, the role of cancer in evolution of species, interpretation of cancer in terms of artificial life and artificial immune systems, swarm intelligence, cellular automata, computational systems biology, genetic networks, cellular computing,  validation through in vitro/vivo tumour models and tumour on chip devices. The book is an inspiring blend of theoretical and experimental results, concepts and paradigms.Distinctive featuresThe book advances widely popular topics of  cancer origin, treatment and understanding of its progressThe book is comprised of unique chapters written by world top experts in  theoretical and applied oncology, complexity theory, mathematics, computer science.The book illustrates attractive examples of mathematical and computer models and experimental setups.

This book presents unique compendium of groundbreaking ideas where scientists from many different backgrounds are united in their interest in interdisciplinary approaches towards origins and development of cancers, innovative ways of searching for cancer treatment and the role of cancer in the evolution. Chapters give an unequivocal slice of all areas that relate to a quest for understanding cancer and its origin as many-fold nonlinear system, complexity of the cancer developments, a search for cancer treatment using  artificial intelligence and evolutionary optimisation, novel modelling techniques, molecular origin of cancer, the role of cancer in evolution of species, interpretation of cancer in terms of artificial life and artificial immune systems, swarm intelligence, cellular automata, computational systems biology, genetic networks, cellular computing,  validation through in vitro/vivo tumour models and tumour on chip devices. The book is an inspiring blend of theoretical and experimental results, concepts and paradigms.Distinctive featuresThe book advances widely popular topics of  cancer origin, treatment and understanding of its progressThe book is comprised of unique chapters written by world top experts in  theoretical and applied oncology, complexity theory, mathematics, computer science.The book illustrates attractive examples of mathematical and computer models and experimental setups.

This unique book explores fungi as sensors, electronic devices, and potential future computers, offering eco-friendly alternatives to traditional electronics. It covers fungal electrical activity, sensors, electronics, computing prototypes, and fungal language.

This unique book explores fungi as sensors, electronic devices, and potential future computers, offering eco-friendly alternatives to traditional electronics. It covers fungal electrical activity, sensors, electronics, computing prototypes, and fungal language.