NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security – serie
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252 produkter
252 produkter
2 143 kr
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Integrated Water Resources Management and Security in the Middle East brings together diverse voices relating to the critical issue of water management in one of the world’s most politically volatile areas: the Middle East.
2 143 kr
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Integrated Water Resources Management and Security in the Middle East brings together diverse voices relating to the critical issue of water management in one of the world’s most politically volatile areas: the Middle East. The book brings together Palestinian, Israeli, Jordanian and international expert opinions on creating a holistic and comprehensive view of water management challenges and strategies in an area of conflict and resource scarcity. The book takes security studies to the next level beyond military preparedness to address the security implications of the most fundamental of resources, that of water. Indeed, the book delves deeply into the underlying ideological underpinnings of various water regimes and possible opportunities for new decision-making models and regional cooperation. This book serves an important place in the scholarly literature on this topic for its breadth of participants and perspectives and its concrete steps forward. It moves the academic discourse beyond pointing fingers and toward constructive solutions and dialogue.
Wastewater Reuse - Risk Assessment, Decision-Making and Environmental Security
Inbunden, Engelska, 2007
2 143 kr
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This North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) was devoted to Wastewater Reuse – Risk Assessment, Decision-Making and Environmental Security held in Istanbul, Turkey, at the Hotel Villa Suites, Taksim during October 12–16, 2006. More than 100 scientists had requested to parti- pate but only 63 could attend the meeting representing 20 countries—Azerbaijan, Canada, Czech Republic, Egypt, Greece, Italy, Israel, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Lithuania, Portugal, Romania, Spain, The Netherlands, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United States of America, and Uzbekistan. 48 papers and 10 posters were presented; only 45 research papers were selected and put in this proceedings manual. Other papers, although they had good information, could not be included due to poor data, not related to the topic or failed to meet the deadline. You may feel some difficulty in understanding some of the papers due to the fact that they were initially written in presenter’s home language and then translated into English by nonscientific people, who have very little knowledge or interest in putting correct scientific terms. Financial support came from the NATO Program for Security through Science, Public Diplomacy Division and sponsored by the Society of Risk Analysis (SRA). Twelve (12) individual participants contributed towards their travel and two (2) for their living expenses.
Wastewater Reuse - Risk Assessment, Decision-Making and Environmental Security
Häftad, Engelska, 2007
2 143 kr
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This North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) was devoted to Wastewater Reuse – Risk Assessment, Decision-Making and Environmental Security held in Istanbul, Turkey, at the Hotel Villa Suites, Taksim during October 12–16, 2006. More than 100 scientists had requested to parti- pate but only 63 could attend the meeting representing 20 countries—Azerbaijan, Canada, Czech Republic, Egypt, Greece, Italy, Israel, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Lithuania, Portugal, Romania, Spain, The Netherlands, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United States of America, and Uzbekistan. 48 papers and 10 posters were presented; only 45 research papers were selected and put in this proceedings manual. Other papers, although they had good information, could not be included due to poor data, not related to the topic or failed to meet the deadline. You may feel some difficulty in understanding some of the papers due to the fact that they were initially written in presenter’s home language and then translated into English by nonscientific people, who have very little knowledge or interest in putting correct scientific terms. Financial support came from the NATO Program for Security through Science, Public Diplomacy Division and sponsored by the Society of Risk Analysis (SRA). Twelve (12) individual participants contributed towards their travel and two (2) for their living expenses.
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However, the success of the emerging nanotechnology applications will depend on dynamic development of nanomaterial toxicology, risk and exposure assessment. This book includes a summary of the most important gaps in knowledge, needs for research, and collaborations in the field of nanotechnology regarding safe application and development.
2 143 kr
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However, the success of the emerging nanotechnology applications will depend on dynamic development of nanomaterial toxicology, risk and exposure assessment. This book includes a summary of the most important gaps in knowledge, needs for research, and collaborations in the field of nanotechnology regarding safe application and development.
2 143 kr
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Water is one of the most essential elements for sustaining life. National, regional, and local authorities throughout the world are responsible to maintain necessary infrastructure and safeguard resources for an orderly uninterrupted supply of good quality, healthy, and safe, water for everyday needs of all the population. These needs, which are growing fast with economic growth, development, and rising prosperity include water for drinking as well as for sanitation, laundry, gardening, recreation, and other domestic uses. An adequate supply of water resources should be safeguarded also for all sectors of the economy and society including agriculture, industry, energy, tourism, ecosystem protection, and more. Drinking water is again becoming a global issue from many perspectives. There are still parts of the globe which lack the necessary water resources for their basic needs, whether in terms of quantity or quality, or both. Demographic growth in several world regions is likely to increase pressures for the development of water resources and further exploitation of existing ones. Changes in production and consumption patterns are expected to aggravate further the pressures on the quantity and quality of water resources across the world. Rising standards of living, intensive agriculture, and new industrial processes lead not only to increasing com- tition for water use and rising costs of water provision, but also to mounting risks.
2 143 kr
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Water is one of the most essential elements for sustaining life. National, regional, and local authorities throughout the world are responsible to maintain necessary infrastructure and safeguard resources for an orderly uninterrupted supply of good quality, healthy, and safe, water for everyday needs of all the population. These needs, which are growing fast with economic growth, development, and rising prosperity include water for drinking as well as for sanitation, laundry, gardening, recreation, and other domestic uses. An adequate supply of water resources should be safeguarded also for all sectors of the economy and society including agriculture, industry, energy, tourism, ecosystem protection, and more. Drinking water is again becoming a global issue from many perspectives. There are still parts of the globe which lack the necessary water resources for their basic needs, whether in terms of quantity or quality, or both. Demographic growth in several world regions is likely to increase pressures for the development of water resources and further exploitation of existing ones. Changes in production and consumption patterns are expected to aggravate further the pressures on the quantity and quality of water resources across the world. Rising standards of living, intensive agriculture, and new industrial processes lead not only to increasing com- tition for water use and rising costs of water provision, but also to mounting risks.
989 kr
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Ecotoxiclogical risk from multiple stressors covers any situation where org- isms are exposed to a combination of environmental stressors. These include physical and chemical pollutants as well as other stressors such as parasites and environmental impact (e. g. , climate change or habitat loss). The combi- tion of stressors can result in increased risk to organisms (either additive or synergistic effects) or decreased effects (protective or antagonistic effects). The multiple stressor challenge is an international, multi-disciplinary problem requiring an international, multi-disciplinary approach. The c- rent approach to multiple stressors is to examine one stressor at a time and assume additivity. Little work has been done on combinations of stressors such that potential interactions can be determined. The problem is very complex. Multiple stressors pose a whole spectrum of challenges that range from basic science to regulation, policy and gove- ance. The challenges raise fundamental questions about our understanding of the basic biological response to stressors, as well as the implications of those uncertainties in environmental risk assessment and management. In addition to the great breadth, there is also great depth in the research ch- lenges, largely due to the complexity of the issues. From a basic science point of view, many of the mechanisms and processes under investigation are at the cutting edge of science — involving new paradigms such as genomic ins- bility and bystander effects.
989 kr
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Ecotoxiclogical risk from multiple stressors covers any situation where org- isms are exposed to a combination of environmental stressors. These include physical and chemical pollutants as well as other stressors such as parasites and environmental impact (e. g. , climate change or habitat loss). The combi- tion of stressors can result in increased risk to organisms (either additive or synergistic effects) or decreased effects (protective or antagonistic effects). The multiple stressor challenge is an international, multi-disciplinary problem requiring an international, multi-disciplinary approach. The c- rent approach to multiple stressors is to examine one stressor at a time and assume additivity. Little work has been done on combinations of stressors such that potential interactions can be determined. The problem is very complex. Multiple stressors pose a whole spectrum of challenges that range from basic science to regulation, policy and gove- ance. The challenges raise fundamental questions about our understanding of the basic biological response to stressors, as well as the implications of those uncertainties in environmental risk assessment and management. In addition to the great breadth, there is also great depth in the research ch- lenges, largely due to the complexity of the issues. From a basic science point of view, many of the mechanisms and processes under investigation are at the cutting edge of science — involving new paradigms such as genomic ins- bility and bystander effects.
2 143 kr
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At the beginning of each year, there is a deluge of top-10 lists on just about every subject you can imagine. A top-10 list of biggest news stories, best-selling books, most popular music and movies, richest companies, and best places to visit or live. It seems everyone has his or her own top-10 list, reflecting, perhaps, differences in regional, national, and cultural values. Companies and governments most often tend to focus their top-10 lists on economic priorities, or priorities related to national defense, security, public health, and new infrastructure. This year, 2007, was no exception. Yet, increasingly, we see governments, private organizations, and companies advocating a new type of prioritization. The complexity of societal change requires an enhanced capacity for scientific assessment, monitoring, and emer gency response. New uncertain and multifaceted risks and stressors as well as globalization and public pressure for decision transparency drive the need for a new framework for thinking about prioritization. This framework needs to reach beyond the realms of economics, world trade, and corporate management to include the environment, stakeholders, public preferences, and social goals. Moreover, corporations and individuals are not only interested in generic 10-best lists; they want lists tailored to their values, goals, and current economic and social state. For example, the U. S.
2 143 kr
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At the beginning of each year, there is a deluge of top-10 lists on just about every subject you can imagine. A top-10 list of biggest news stories, best-selling books, most popular music and movies, richest companies, and best places to visit or live. It seems everyone has his or her own top-10 list, reflecting, perhaps, differences in regional, national, and cultural values. Companies and governments most often tend to focus their top-10 lists on economic priorities, or priorities related to national defense, security, public health, and new infrastructure. This year, 2007, was no exception. Yet, increasingly, we see governments, private organizations, and companies advocating a new type of prioritization. The complexity of societal change requires an enhanced capacity for scientific assessment, monitoring, and emer gency response. New uncertain and multifaceted risks and stressors as well as globalization and public pressure for decision transparency drive the need for a new framework for thinking about prioritization. This framework needs to reach beyond the realms of economics, world trade, and corporate management to include the environment, stakeholders, public preferences, and social goals. Moreover, corporations and individuals are not only interested in generic 10-best lists; they want lists tailored to their values, goals, and current economic and social state. For example, the U. S.
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On June 28 through July 1, 2006, a NATO advanced research workshop was held in Kyiv, Ukraine. This meeting of scholars from both NATO and NATO partner countries brought together the leading researchers in the field of Fuzziness and Uncertainty in GIS for Environmental Security and Protection. The papers based upon the presentations at this meeting are included in this book. They were all quite good, some focusing on the use of fuzzy sets in geography, others focusing on explicit environmental concerns in Ukraine. What this book cannot show is the camaraderie and spirit of cooperation that permeated the atmosphere of this workshop. These researchers, many of whom had never met before, are now colleagues, and are continuing to collaborate on research to this day, and probably beyond. Scholars from various positions and countries have chosen to work together in the spirit of cooperation to make the ideas presented in this book come to fruition. At press time, we do not know if Ukraine will become a NATO member or not. In any case, the editors wish to thank the NATO Science Committee for their funding, encouragement, and work in making this workshop a reality. We hope that the spirit of cooperation and intellectual curiosity that was so lively at the conference will encourage the reader in the perusal of this work.
2 143 kr
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On June 28 through July 1, 2006, a NATO advanced research workshop was held in Kyiv, Ukraine. This meeting of scholars from both NATO and NATO partner countries brought together the leading researchers in the field of Fuzziness and Uncertainty in GIS for Environmental Security and Protection. The papers based upon the presentations at this meeting are included in this book. They were all quite good, some focusing on the use of fuzzy sets in geography, others focusing on explicit environmental concerns in Ukraine. What this book cannot show is the camaraderie and spirit of cooperation that permeated the atmosphere of this workshop. These researchers, many of whom had never met before, are now colleagues, and are continuing to collaborate on research to this day, and probably beyond. Scholars from various positions and countries have chosen to work together in the spirit of cooperation to make the ideas presented in this book come to fruition. At press time, we do not know if Ukraine will become a NATO member or not. In any case, the editors wish to thank the NATO Science Committee for their funding, encouragement, and work in making this workshop a reality. We hope that the spirit of cooperation and intellectual curiosity that was so lively at the conference will encourage the reader in the perusal of this work.
2 143 kr
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Energy and environmental security are truly major problems facing our global economy. Fossil fuels, particularly crude oil, are confined to a few regions of the world and the continuity of supply is governed by dynamic political, economic and ecological factors. These factors conspire to force volatile, often high fossil fuel prices while, at the same time, our environmental policies are demanding a reduction in greenhouse gases and toxic emissions. Thus a coherent energy strategy is required, addressing both energy supply and demand, taking account of the whole energy lifecycle including fuel production, transmission and distribution, and energy conversion, and the impact on energy equipment manufacturers and the end-users of energy systems. In the short term, our aim should be to achieve higher energy efficiency and increased energy supply from local energy sources, in particular renewable energy sources. In the long term, a hydrogen-based economy will have an impact on all these sectors. In view of technological developments, vehicle and component manufacturers, transport providers, the energy industry, and even householders are seriously looking at alternative energy sources and fuels and more efficient and cleaner technologies – especially hydrogen and hydrogen-powered fuel cells.
2 143 kr
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Energy and environmental security are truly major problems facing our global economy. Fossil fuels, particularly crude oil, are confined to a few regions of the world and the continuity of supply is governed by dynamic political, economic and ecological factors. These factors conspire to force volatile, often high fossil fuel prices while, at the same time, our environmental policies are demanding a reduction in greenhouse gases and toxic emissions. Thus a coherent energy strategy is required, addressing both energy supply and demand, taking account of the whole energy lifecycle including fuel production, transmission and distribution, and energy conversion, and the impact on energy equipment manufacturers and the end-users of energy systems. In the short term, our aim should be to achieve higher energy efficiency and increased energy supply from local energy sources, in particular renewable energy sources. In the long term, a hydrogen-based economy will have an impact on all these sectors. In view of technological developments, vehicle and component manufacturers, transport providers, the energy industry, and even householders are seriously looking at alternative energy sources and fuels and more efficient and cleaner technologies – especially hydrogen and hydrogen-powered fuel cells.
Advanced Combustion and Aerothermal Technologies
Environmental Protection and Pollution Reductions
2007
1 897 kr
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The NATO Advanced Workshop “Advanced Combustion and Aerothermal Technologies: Environmental Protection and Pollution Reductions” was held in Kiev (Ukraine) from 15 to 19 May 2006 and was organized by the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics (Ukraine) and Cardiff University (UK).
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Pipes are of major importance for transport of liquids and gas mainly for water, natural gas and oil. The total length of gas pipes in the world is estimated at one million kilometres for gas transport (pipes with a diameter of 80 to 1000 mm). Pipelines remain the least expensive transcontinental mean of transport compared to rail-bound or terrestrial transport. It has become increasingly paramount to ensure the safe utilisation of such plant in order to prevent economical, social and ecological losses. From a technical point of view, pipelines are complicated three dimensional structures that include straight pipes, nozzles, pipe-bends, dissimilar welded joints, etc. In addition, their operating conditions can be quite severe, that is, internal pressure and cyclic loading (vibration) combined with the influence of internal and external corrosive environments. The external defects, e.g., corrosion defects, gouge, foreign object scratches, and pipeline erection activities are major failure reasons of gas pipelines. All these types of defects and associated failure are described.Leak and fracture of pipes is assumed to be done by initiation and propagation of defect and final failure when defect has reached a critical length.In this book, the three two major defect assessment tools for pipes are presented :i) the failure assessment diagram and particularly the SINTAP procedure,ii) limit analysis,iii) strain design approachMethods of defect repair are based on investigation findings. Methods such as welded sleeve, repair clamp composite sleeve, grinding, pipe replacement are described.
2 143 kr
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Pipes are of major importance for transport of liquids and gas mainly for water, natural gas and oil. The total length of gas pipes in the world is estimated at one million kilometres for gas transport (pipes with a diameter of 80 to 1000 mm). Pipelines remain the least expensive transcontinental mean of transport compared to rail-bound or terrestrial transport. It has become increasingly paramount to ensure the safe utilisation of such plant in order to prevent economical, social and ecological losses. From a technical point of view, pipelines are complicated three dimensional structures that include straight pipes, nozzles, pipe-bends, dissimilar welded joints, etc. In addition, their operating conditions can be quite severe, that is, internal pressure and cyclic loading (vibration) combined with the influence of internal and external corrosive environments. The external defects, e.g., corrosion defects, gouge, foreign object scratches, and pipeline erection activities are major failure reasons of gas pipelines. All these types of defects and associated failure are described.Leak and fracture of pipes is assumed to be done by initiation and propagation of defect and final failure when defect has reached a critical length.In this book, the three two major defect assessment tools for pipes are presented :i) the failure assessment diagram and particularly the SINTAP procedure,ii) limit analysis,iii) strain design approachMethods of defect repair are based on investigation findings. Methods such as welded sleeve, repair clamp composite sleeve, grinding, pipe replacement are described.
Integration of Information for Environmental Security
Environmental Security - Information Security - Disaster Forecast and Prevention - Water Resources Management
Inbunden, Engelska, 2007
1 075 kr
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In case of security threats there is a need for temporal access to complete, updated, reliable information, in a dedicated form, is an essential prerequisite to effectively counter security threats. Currently the necessary information exists in a multitude of forms and formats geographically and physically scattered over different countries, institutes and organisations, and are subject to widely different data policies and management schemes. Moreover, there is no complete and updated overview of the existing information, e.g. in the form of a metadata catalogue. As a result, integration of this information in case of emergencies has proven to be extremely difficult, if not impossible. Although in some cases, interesting and impressive "demonstrations" have been shown of the possibilities of the integration of information, for a number of reasons these have reached the "operational" stage.
Integration of Information for Environmental Security
Environmental Security - Information Security - Disaster Forecast and Prevention - Water Resources Management
Häftad, Engelska, 2007
1 075 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
In case of security threats there is a need for temporal access to complete, updated, reliable information, in a dedicated form, is an essential prerequisite to effectively counter security threats. Currently the necessary information exists in a multitude of forms and formats geographically and physically scattered over different countries, institutes and organisations, and are subject to widely different data policies and management schemes. Moreover, there is no complete and updated overview of the existing information, e.g. in the form of a metadata catalogue. As a result, integration of this information in case of emergencies has proven to be extremely difficult, if not impossible. Although in some cases, interesting and impressive "demonstrations" have been shown of the possibilities of the integration of information, for a number of reasons these have reached the "operational" stage.
2 143 kr
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The assessment of land use and land cover is an important activity for cont- porary land management. Human land-use practices are the most significant factors influencing environmental management at local, regional, national, and global scales. In the past, environmental policies have often reflected a reactive response to environmental perturbations with management efforts focused on short-term, local-scale problems such as pollutant abatement. Currently, environmental management philosophy is evolving toward examination of critical environmental problems over larger spatial scales and assessment of the cumulative risk resulting from multiple problem sources. Today’s environmental managers, urban planners, and decision-makers are increasingly expected to examine environmental and economic problems in a larger geographic context that crosses national boundaries and scientific disciplines. Secondly, cont- porary policy-makers have also been challenged on how they view security. The conventional definition of national security has been expanded to include environmental threats resulting from resource scarcity and overpopulation and it is recognized that environmental factors may have an impact in creating conflict and world instability. Thus the working definition of security has been broadened beyond relying on militaristic aspects alone and has evolved to include the environment. In 1969, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) established the Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society (CCMS) partly in response to examine the link between environmental issues and security. CCMS was created for the purpose of addressing problems affecting the environment of the member nations and the quality of life of their citizens.
2 143 kr
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The assessment of land use and land cover is an important activity for cont- porary land management. Human land-use practices are the most significant factors influencing environmental management at local, regional, national, and global scales. In the past, environmental policies have often reflected a reactive response to environmental perturbations with management efforts focused on short-term, local-scale problems such as pollutant abatement. Currently, environmental management philosophy is evolving toward examination of critical environmental problems over larger spatial scales and assessment of the cumulative risk resulting from multiple problem sources. Today’s environmental managers, urban planners, and decision-makers are increasingly expected to examine environmental and economic problems in a larger geographic context that crosses national boundaries and scientific disciplines. Secondly, cont- porary policy-makers have also been challenged on how they view security. The conventional definition of national security has been expanded to include environmental threats resulting from resource scarcity and overpopulation and it is recognized that environmental factors may have an impact in creating conflict and world instability. Thus the working definition of security has been broadened beyond relying on militaristic aspects alone and has evolved to include the environment. In 1969, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) established the Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society (CCMS) partly in response to examine the link between environmental issues and security. CCMS was created for the purpose of addressing problems affecting the environment of the member nations and the quality of life of their citizens.
1 609 kr
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Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are organic compounds of natural or anthropogenic origin that resist photolytic, chemical and biological degradation. They are characterized by low water solubility and high lipid solubility, resulting in bioaccumulation in fatty tissues of living organisms. These properties of unusual high persistence and semi-volatility, coupled with other characteristics, have resulted in the presence of POPs all over the world, even in regions where they have never been used. With the evidence of long-range transport of these substances to regions, the international community has now, at several occasions called for urgent global actions to reduce and eliminate releases of these chemicals. Many countries have already banned or severely restricted the production and use of the twelve POPs in recent decades. Yet they remain a serious problem around the world. Because these chemicals have the ability to travel long distances from their original sources, relying on national-level action alone is ultimately a futile effort.This book employs a science-based approach to identify and take action against POPs, and additionally, provides access to technical information on POPs. The book will be an overview of the existing POP monitoring activities and programs.
1 609 kr
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Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are organic compounds of natural or anthropogenic origin that resist photolytic, chemical and biological degradation. They are characterized by low water solubility and high lipid solubility, resulting in bioaccumulation in fatty tissues of living organisms. These properties of unusual high persistence and semi-volatility, coupled with other characteristics, have resulted in the presence of POPs all over the world, even in regions where they have never been used. With the evidence of long-range transport of these substances to regions, the international community has now, at several occasions called for urgent global actions to reduce and eliminate releases of these chemicals. Many countries have already banned or severely restricted the production and use of the twelve POPs in recent decades. Yet they remain a serious problem around the world. Because these chemicals have the ability to travel long distances from their original sources, relying on national-level action alone is ultimately a futile effort.This book employs a science-based approach to identify and take action against POPs, and additionally, provides access to technical information on POPs. The book will be an overview of the existing POP monitoring activities and programs.
Transboundary Water Resources: A Foundation for Regional Stability in Central Asia
Inbunden, Engelska, 2007
2 143 kr
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“Human history becomes more and more a race between education and catastrophe.”H. G. WellsDespite a growing awareness of the importance of freshwater, human actions continue to degrade the freshwater ecosystems upon which we depend. Most regions of the world face serious impending problems related to the availability and efficient/equitable distribution of freshwater – these problems become exacerbated when both surface water and groundwater flows between and among multiple countries.As populations grow and the overall demand for water increases, the various and often competing demands for the finite stock of freshwater will increase. These shortages can lead to ecological/resource inefficiencies, economic/industrial problems, degradation of human health, social instability, and even conflict. The Central Asian republics and neighboring countries are currently experiencing these problems - problems that will become exacerbated by global climate change, increasing population and growing demands for water.In response to these growing concerns, on 20-22 June 2006, a NATO-sponsored Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) was organized in Almaty, Kazakhstan entitled, “Facilitating Regional Security in Central Asia through Improved Management of Transboundary Water Basin Resources”. This scientific meeting convened leading environmental experts from Central Asia, the Caucasus and from NATO member countries to address the myriad of issues involving shared freshwater among the countries in this region. Issues involving ecology, law, economics, politics, water policy and integrated water management were discussed and evaluated. Against the backdrop of the widely known Aral Sea problem, these leading experts addressed a wide variety of current and emerging issues related to transboundary water management.
Transboundary Water Resources: A Foundation for Regional Stability in Central Asia
Häftad, Engelska, 2007
2 143 kr
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“Human history becomes more and more a race between education and catastrophe.”H. G. WellsDespite a growing awareness of the importance of freshwater, human actions continue to degrade the freshwater ecosystems upon which we depend. Most regions of the world face serious impending problems related to the availability and efficient/equitable distribution of freshwater – these problems become exacerbated when both surface water and groundwater flows between and among multiple countries.As populations grow and the overall demand for water increases, the various and often competing demands for the finite stock of freshwater will increase. These shortages can lead to ecological/resource inefficiencies, economic/industrial problems, degradation of human health, social instability, and even conflict. The Central Asian republics and neighboring countries are currently experiencing these problems - problems that will become exacerbated by global climate change, increasing population and growing demands for water.In response to these growing concerns, on 20-22 June 2006, a NATO-sponsored Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) was organized in Almaty, Kazakhstan entitled, “Facilitating Regional Security in Central Asia through Improved Management of Transboundary Water Basin Resources”. This scientific meeting convened leading environmental experts from Central Asia, the Caucasus and from NATO member countries to address the myriad of issues involving shared freshwater among the countries in this region. Issues involving ecology, law, economics, politics, water policy and integrated water management were discussed and evaluated. Against the backdrop of the widely known Aral Sea problem, these leading experts addressed a wide variety of current and emerging issues related to transboundary water management.
1 075 kr
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Growing population and rising standards of living exert stress on water supply and the quality of drinking water. Some of these pressures can be reduced by demand management and water and wastewater reuse. In wastewater ma- gement, new challenges are caused by new chemicals of concern, including endocrine disrupters, pharmaceuticals, hormones, and personal care products, which often pass through wastewater treatment plants unabated, but may cause serious impacts on receiving aquatic ecosystems. The topics focused on evaluation of impact of xenobiotics in the whole Urban Water Cycle are an interdisciplinary task which has a rising concern these days. Xenobiotics includes both inorganic elements like heavy metals, metalloids and man-made organic compounds such as pesticides, surfactants, solvents, fragrances, flavours, and pharmaceuticals as well as endocrine dis- pters. It has been estimated that 70,000 xenobiotics may potentially be hazardous for humans and/or ecosystems. Water supply, urban drainage and wastewater treatment systems were originally designed to solve just conventional problems such as supply of potable water, flooding prevention and sanitation. The main problem within the conventional urban water cycle approaches is absence of design to deal with xenobiotics. Nowadays can be seen increased focus on rainwater use, wastewater reclamation and reuse in industrial and as well in domestic sector what increase the exposure to xenobiotics.
1 075 kr
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Growing population and rising standards of living exert stress on water supply and the quality of drinking water. Some of these pressures can be reduced by demand management and water and wastewater reuse. In wastewater ma- gement, new challenges are caused by new chemicals of concern, including endocrine disrupters, pharmaceuticals, hormones, and personal care products, which often pass through wastewater treatment plants unabated, but may cause serious impacts on receiving aquatic ecosystems. The topics focused on evaluation of impact of xenobiotics in the whole Urban Water Cycle are an interdisciplinary task which has a rising concern these days. Xenobiotics includes both inorganic elements like heavy metals, metalloids and man-made organic compounds such as pesticides, surfactants, solvents, fragrances, flavours, and pharmaceuticals as well as endocrine dis- pters. It has been estimated that 70,000 xenobiotics may potentially be hazardous for humans and/or ecosystems. Water supply, urban drainage and wastewater treatment systems were originally designed to solve just conventional problems such as supply of potable water, flooding prevention and sanitation. The main problem within the conventional urban water cycle approaches is absence of design to deal with xenobiotics. Nowadays can be seen increased focus on rainwater use, wastewater reclamation and reuse in industrial and as well in domestic sector what increase the exposure to xenobiotics.
Recent Advances in Adsorption Processes for Environmental Protection and Security
Inbunden, Engelska, 2007
1 609 kr
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The NATO Advanced Research Workshop on RecentAdvancesin Adsorption Processes for Environmental Protection and Security was held during, September 9–12, 2006, at Hotel Salyut, Kiev, Ukraine. There were 45 participants from 12 NATO countries, 8 Eligible Partner and Mediterranean dialog home and one key speaker from Switzerland. We hope that everyone went home with excellent memories and new ideas to enhance environmental protection and security through adsorption science and technology. The purpose of the Workshop was to bring together researchers and en gineers working in adsorption related fields, to share knowledge on the latest advances on adsorption processes for environmental security and protection, as well as to cross link and disseminate to the scientific community the main results and achievements of recent NATO SfP projects on environmental security and protection. Topics covered by the Workshop include recent theoretical and experi mental developments on environmental adsorption, adsorption processes, as well as synthesis and tailoring of novel adsorbents, including the assessment of materials and processes. The invited lectures provided a comprehensive report on adsorption and colloids, carbon materials and adsorbents for various industrial applications, and ecological safety and antiterrorism. Because rapidly developing areas in nanotechnology for fine chemistry, air quality, and environmental protection, are based on the synthesis and modificationof the adsorbents, special at tention was given to synthesis and chemical tailoring of porous materials to achieve desired properties as adsorbents and separation media.