Routledge Advances in Police Practice and Knowledge – serie

This book explains how improvements in intelligence analysis can bene!t policing. Written by experts with experience in police higher education and professional practice, this accessible text provides students with both practical knowledge and a critical understanding of the subject. The book is divided into three key parts: Part One outlines how the concept of intelligence was initially embraced and implemented by the police and provides a critique of intelligence sources. It examines the strategic use of intelligence and its procedural framework. It provides a summary of the role of the intelligence analyst, establishing the characteristics of effective practitioners. Part Two describes good practice and explains the practical tools and techniques that effective analysts use in the reduction and investigation of crime. Part Three examines more recent developments in intelligence analysis and looks to the future. This includes the move to multi-agency working, the advent of big data and the role of AI and machine learning. Filled with case studies and practical examples, this book is essential reading for all undergraduates and postgraduates taking courses in Professional Policing, and Criminal Justice more widely. It will also be of interest to existing practitioners in this field.

This book examines the structures that support the policing organisation internally and externally, including its partners within the criminal justice system. It has been written for students of policing, especially those undertaking qualifications under the new Police Education Qualifications Framework (PEQF), undergraduates who study the police as part of a criminology or criminal justice degree or similar, and those with a general interest in the police organisation in England and Wales. It includes chapters on: The historical context of police structure.Accountability, governance, and control in the police.Local, national, and international police structures.The partnership between the police and the criminal justice system.The future structure of policing.Throughout the chapters are ‘important point boxes’ which emphasise the key parts of each topic. At the end of each chapter are reflective questions, useful websites, and a further reading list, all of which reinforces students’ knowledge and furthers their professional development. Written in clear and direct style, this book will appeal to students of policing, criminology, criminal justice, cultural studies, and law. It is essential reading for students taking a degree in Professional Policing.

This book examines the structures that support the policing organisation internally and externally, including its partners within the criminal justice system. It has been written for students of policing, especially those undertaking qualifications under the new Police Education Qualifications Framework (PEQF), undergraduates who study the police as part of a criminology or criminal justice degree or similar, and those with a general interest in the police organisation in England and Wales. It includes chapters on: The historical context of police structure.Accountability, governance, and control in the police.Local, national, and international police structures.The partnership between the police and the criminal justice system.The future structure of policing.Throughout the chapters are ‘important point boxes’ which emphasise the key parts of each topic. At the end of each chapter are reflective questions, useful websites, and a further reading list, all of which reinforces students’ knowledge and furthers their professional development. Written in clear and direct style, this book will appeal to students of policing, criminology, criminal justice, cultural studies, and law. It is essential reading for students taking a degree in Professional Policing.

At a time when much in UK policing is the subject of intense public and media scrutiny, there prevails a practitioner discourse about policing ethically that is ongoing formally in police ethics committee discussions, and probably informally in station offices, canteens, classrooms, and police vehicles. Since January 2024, these conversations have added emphasis with the publication of the College of Policing’s revised Code of Ethics with which policing practitioners in England and Wales are coming to grips. This book explores thinking about policing ethically for those who have to use and implement the ideas – to those who, when law and policy is silent on the matter before them, nevertheless have to make a justifiable decision and act upon it.Applicable to policing generally, not just to the UK, Part 1 of this book presents conceptual contextualization for thinking about policing ethically. Following which, Part 2 considers practical implications of policing ethically.Some of the key topics that the book covers are as follows:• Discussions of managing power and vulnerability• Implementing frontline ethics in practice• The process of making ethically informed decisions• Considerations around ethics and the use of artificial intelligence by policing practitioners• Prerequisites to ethical leadership• Considering “public interest” in relation to policing ethically• Risk management as a moral obligationDrawing upon the policing practitioner and policymaking experience of the authors, this book will be of interest and use to all those involved in delivering policing: constables of all ranks (student, probationary, and experienced), policing community support officers, professional support staff, policing ethics committee members, and policymakers. The book is also a contribution to the wider academic literature on policing and ethics, and will be of interest not only to policing ethicists and ethnographers but also to students and policymakers in the fields of criminology, sociology, and governance.

At a time when much in UK policing is the subject of intense public and media scrutiny, there prevails a practitioner discourse about policing ethically that is ongoing formally in police ethics committee discussions, and probably informally in station offices, canteens, classrooms, and police vehicles. Since January 2024, these conversations have added emphasis with the publication of the College of Policing’s revised Code of Ethics with which policing practitioners in England and Wales are coming to grips. This book explores thinking about policing ethically for those who have to use and implement the ideas – to those who, when law and policy is silent on the matter before them, nevertheless have to make a justifiable decision and act upon it.Applicable to policing generally, not just to the UK, Part 1 of this book presents conceptual contextualization for thinking about policing ethically. Following which, Part 2 considers practical implications of policing ethically.Some of the key topics that the book covers are as follows:• Discussions of managing power and vulnerability• Implementing frontline ethics in practice• The process of making ethically informed decisions• Considerations around ethics and the use of artificial intelligence by policing practitioners• Prerequisites to ethical leadership• Considering “public interest” in relation to policing ethically• Risk management as a moral obligationDrawing upon the policing practitioner and policymaking experience of the authors, this book will be of interest and use to all those involved in delivering policing: constables of all ranks (student, probationary, and experienced), policing community support officers, professional support staff, policing ethics committee members, and policymakers. The book is also a contribution to the wider academic literature on policing and ethics, and will be of interest not only to policing ethicists and ethnographers but also to students and policymakers in the fields of criminology, sociology, and governance.

This book explains how improvements in intelligence analysis can bene!t policing. Written by experts with experience in police higher education and professional practice, this accessible text provides students with both practical knowledge and a critical understanding of the subject. The book is divided into three key parts: Part One outlines how the concept of intelligence was initially embraced and implemented by the police and provides a critique of intelligence sources. It examines the strategic use of intelligence and its procedural framework. It provides a summary of the role of the intelligence analyst, establishing the characteristics of effective practitioners. Part Two describes good practice and explains the practical tools and techniques that effective analysts use in the reduction and investigation of crime. Part Three examines more recent developments in intelligence analysis and looks to the future. This includes the move to multi-agency working, the advent of big data and the role of AI and machine learning. Filled with case studies and practical examples, this book is essential reading for all undergraduates and postgraduates taking courses in Professional Policing, and Criminal Justice more widely. It will also be of interest to existing practitioners in this field.

This book offers an applied approach to criminology suitable for prospective police officers. It covers the fundamentals of criminological knowledge, theory and research, and their relevance to policing. The book is split into two parts, the first introducing the basics of criminology, and the second connecting criminological research to police practice. It focuses on the principles of evidence-based practice and encourages students to think critically about the issues covered. Core content includes the following: A history of policing in England and Wales, through a criminological lens. An overview of the literature on police culture, bias and discretion. A review of the challenges of applying criminological insights to policing, and the impact of the College of Policing code of ethics on police practice. An exploration of the challenges of contemporary policing, including complex crime, transnational investigation, digital and organised crime. A critical overview of evidence, and public sources of evidence. An examination of the contested definitions and perspectives on Evidence-Based Policing. An introduction to criminological research, including quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods. A review of problem solving in policing, including SARA and Atlas models. This book is essential reading for all students studying degrees in Professional Policing, as well as students of criminology engaged in criminal justice knowledge and practice.

This book offers an applied approach to criminology suitable for prospective police officers. It covers the fundamentals of criminological knowledge, theory and research, and their relevance to policing. The book is split into two parts, the first introducing the basics of criminology, and the second connecting criminological research to police practice. It focuses on the principles of evidence-based practice and encourages students to think critically about the issues covered. Core content includes the following: A history of policing in England and Wales, through a criminological lens. An overview of the literature on police culture, bias and discretion. A review of the challenges of applying criminological insights to policing, and the impact of the College of Policing code of ethics on police practice. An exploration of the challenges of contemporary policing, including complex crime, transnational investigation, digital and organised crime. A critical overview of evidence, and public sources of evidence. An examination of the contested definitions and perspectives on Evidence-Based Policing. An introduction to criminological research, including quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods. A review of problem solving in policing, including SARA and Atlas models. This book is essential reading for all students studying degrees in Professional Policing, as well as students of criminology engaged in criminal justice knowledge and practice.

This book is dedicated to improving the practice of the policing of domestic abuse. Its objective is to help inform those working in policing about the dynamics of how domestic abuse occurs, how best to respond to and investigate it, and in the longer term how to prevent it.Divided into thematic areas, the book uses recent research findings to update some of the theoretical analysis and to highlight areas of good practice: ‘what works and why’. An effective investigation and the prosecution of offenders are considered, as well as an evaluation of the success of current treatment options. Policing domestic abuse can only be dealt with through an effective partnership response. The responsibilities of each agency and the statutory processes in place when policy is not adhered to are outlined.Core content includes:A critique of definitions and theoretical approaches to domestic abuse, including coverage of the myths surrounding domestic abuse and their impact on policing.An exploration on the challenges of collecting data on domestic abuse, looking at police data and the role of health and victim support services.A critical review of different forms of abuse, different perpetrators and victims, and risk assessment tools used by the police.A critical examination of the law relating to domestic abuse; how police resources are deployed to respond to and manage it; and best practice in investigation, gathering evidence, and prosecutionKey perspectives on preventing domestic abuse, protecting victims, and reducing harm.Written with the student and budding practitioner in mind, this book is filled with case studies, current research, reports, and media examples, as well as a variety of reflective questions and a glossary of key terms, to help shed light on the challenges of policing domestic violence and the links between academic research and best practice.

This book is dedicated to improving the practice of the policing of domestic abuse. Its objective is to help inform those working in policing about the dynamics of how domestic abuse occurs, how best to respond to and investigate it, and in the longer term how to prevent it.Divided into thematic areas, the book uses recent research findings to update some of the theoretical analysis and to highlight areas of good practice: ‘what works and why’. An effective investigation and the prosecution of offenders are considered, as well as an evaluation of the success of current treatment options. Policing domestic abuse can only be dealt with through an effective partnership response. The responsibilities of each agency and the statutory processes in place when policy is not adhered to are outlined.Core content includes:A critique of definitions and theoretical approaches to domestic abuse, including coverage of the myths surrounding domestic abuse and their impact on policing.An exploration on the challenges of collecting data on domestic abuse, looking at police data and the role of health and victim support services.A critical review of different forms of abuse, different perpetrators and victims, and risk assessment tools used by the police.A critical examination of the law relating to domestic abuse; how police resources are deployed to respond to and manage it; and best practice in investigation, gathering evidence, and prosecutionKey perspectives on preventing domestic abuse, protecting victims, and reducing harm.Written with the student and budding practitioner in mind, this book is filled with case studies, current research, reports, and media examples, as well as a variety of reflective questions and a glossary of key terms, to help shed light on the challenges of policing domestic violence and the links between academic research and best practice.

This book offers an introduction to crime science; it is specifically for police and security professionals. Written by one of the founders of crime science and an expert in crime reduction, it considers the unique characteristics of the approach, its applicability to the control of crime, disorder and terrorism, and the importance of experimentation and the testing of new ideas to build a knowledge base for ethicalpolicing. Core content includes:The basics of crime science in concept, theory and practice;Methods of research and assessment used by crime scientists;Crime science and policing, including its application to volume crimes, serious crimes and investigation;Legitimacy and public compliance;Policing, science, and future crimes.This book is essential reading for all students of professional policing, as well as those interested in crime and its control, reduction, and prevention.

This book offers an introduction to crime science; it is specifically for police and security professionals. Written by one of the founders of crime science and an expert in crime reduction, it considers the unique characteristics of the approach, its applicability to the control of crime, disorder and terrorism, and the importance of experimentation and the testing of new ideas to build a knowledge base for ethicalpolicing. Core content includes:The basics of crime science in concept, theory and practice;Methods of research and assessment used by crime scientists;Crime science and policing, including its application to volume crimes, serious crimes and investigation;Legitimacy and public compliance;Policing, science, and future crimes.This book is essential reading for all students of professional policing, as well as those interested in crime and its control, reduction, and prevention.

This book takes the topic of police decision-making, one that is so important to the everyday policing of all citizens, and examines it in depth. It does this, not just by describing the processes and mechanisms which govern decision-making, but also by considering the fundamental principles which underpin this.The book critically explores how and why police officers make decisions, and what principles should guide those decisions in modern policing, bringing together the authors’ research, wider literature and Williams’ extensive experience of police practice. Part 1, Understanding Policing and Police Decision-making covers police legitimacy, police discretion and policing cultures. Parts 2 and 3 focus on policing in England and Wales. Part 2 introduces Frameworks of Police Decision-making covering police decision models and ethical police decision-making (focusing on the National Decision Model and Code of Ethics). Part 3, Decision-making in Practice, presents case studies on decision-making drawn from the authors’ research and analysis on: student officers, stop and search and the night-time economy.Aimed primarily at policing students, whether prospective police officers or social science students, the book will be of interest to all those involved in working with the police.

This book takes the topic of police decision-making, one that is so important to the everyday policing of all citizens, and examines it in depth. It does this, not just by describing the processes and mechanisms which govern decision-making, but also by considering the fundamental principles which underpin this.The book critically explores how and why police officers make decisions, and what principles should guide those decisions in modern policing, bringing together the authors’ research, wider literature and Williams’ extensive experience of police practice. Part 1, Understanding Policing and Police Decision-making covers police legitimacy, police discretion and policing cultures. Parts 2 and 3 focus on policing in England and Wales. Part 2 introduces Frameworks of Police Decision-making covering police decision models and ethical police decision-making (focusing on the National Decision Model and Code of Ethics). Part 3, Decision-making in Practice, presents case studies on decision-making drawn from the authors’ research and analysis on: student officers, stop and search and the night-time economy.Aimed primarily at policing students, whether prospective police officers or social science students, the book will be of interest to all those involved in working with the police.

What do you think of when you think of the police? Bobbies on the beat? Or perhaps bleaker images of police brutality such as the murder of George Floyd by a serving police officer?For most people, the media are the main source of information about the police. For that reason, being represented positively in the media is an abiding concern for the police.This important new book looks for the first time at the stories the media tell about the police. It looks at the way in which the police have been represented historically across a variety of media, including crime news, police dramas, documentaries, social media, and podcasts. But it also breaks new ground by exploring the process as well as the product and how a variety of factors, including police/media relations, shape these narratives.Some of the key themes explored are:Impact of new digital technologies in reconfiguring relations between the police, the press, and the publicCritical examination of “the thin blue line” narrativeThe problems of the maverick cop tropeIncreasing police control over crime informationThe stigmatisation of certain communities – in particular, Black, Brown, LGBTQ+ , and Gypsy, Roma, and Traveller citizens – particularly in crime news and reality showsExamining whose stories remain untold in popular representationsRamifications of these themes for public understandingThe book will be of key interest to Professional Policing students and researchers, as well as police professionals. It will also be essential reading for students and scholars of criminology, media studies, and cultural studies, as well as for all those interested in these intersections.

What do you think of when you think of the police? Bobbies on the beat? Or perhaps bleaker images of police brutality such as the murder of George Floyd by a serving police officer?For most people, the media are the main source of information about the police. For that reason, being represented positively in the media is an abiding concern for the police.This important new book looks for the first time at the stories the media tell about the police. It looks at the way in which the police have been represented historically across a variety of media, including crime news, police dramas, documentaries, social media, and podcasts. But it also breaks new ground by exploring the process as well as the product and how a variety of factors, including police/media relations, shape these narratives.Some of the key themes explored are:Impact of new digital technologies in reconfiguring relations between the police, the press, and the publicCritical examination of “the thin blue line” narrativeThe problems of the maverick cop tropeIncreasing police control over crime informationThe stigmatisation of certain communities – in particular, Black, Brown, LGBTQ+ , and Gypsy, Roma, and Traveller citizens – particularly in crime news and reality showsExamining whose stories remain untold in popular representationsRamifications of these themes for public understandingThe book will be of key interest to Professional Policing students and researchers, as well as police professionals. It will also be essential reading for students and scholars of criminology, media studies, and cultural studies, as well as for all those interested in these intersections.

Crowds are among the most visible expressions of democracy – whether in celebration, protest, or tragedy – but they are also moments of tension, where rights, safety, and authority collide. This book explores how societies manage these critical encounters. Drawing on dramatic case studies from Britain, Europe, and the United States, it reveals how crowd psychology and policing intersect, why disorder spreads, and how legitimacy can be won or lost in the space of a single decision.Policing the Crowd is the first comprehensive account of how crowd psychology has transformed policing. What makes this book distinctive is the depth of its embedded research: written from inside the process, it offers unmatched insight into how evidence has directly shaped policing practice and policy reform.Some of the key features of this book are as follows:Traces the history of public order policing from nineteenth‑century Britain to the English riots of 2011 and the Black Lives Matter protests of 2020Explains how ideas about crowds evolved – from classical theories to the social identity approachPresents how these theories were tested in practice across diverse settings: in football stadiums, on city streets, and in moments of national crisisProvides comparative analysis across the UK, the US, and EuropeReveals how embedded research partnerships translated theory into practical operational strategiesEmphasises legitimacy, dialogue, and facilitation as critical elements in conflict preventionCombining compelling case studies with theoretical clarity, it provides scholars, practitioners, and policymakers with a powerful framework for understanding and managing one of democracy’s greatest challenges.

Crowds are among the most visible expressions of democracy – whether in celebration, protest, or tragedy – but they are also moments of tension, where rights, safety, and authority collide. This book explores how societies manage these critical encounters. Drawing on dramatic case studies from Britain, Europe, and the United States, it reveals how crowd psychology and policing intersect, why disorder spreads, and how legitimacy can be won or lost in the space of a single decision.Policing the Crowd is the first comprehensive account of how crowd psychology has transformed policing. What makes this book distinctive is the depth of its embedded research: written from inside the process, it offers unmatched insight into how evidence has directly shaped policing practice and policy reform.Some of the key features of this book are as follows:Traces the history of public order policing from nineteenth‑century Britain to the English riots of 2011 and the Black Lives Matter protests of 2020Explains how ideas about crowds evolved – from classical theories to the social identity approachPresents how these theories were tested in practice across diverse settings: in football stadiums, on city streets, and in moments of national crisisProvides comparative analysis across the UK, the US, and EuropeReveals how embedded research partnerships translated theory into practical operational strategiesEmphasises legitimacy, dialogue, and facilitation as critical elements in conflict preventionCombining compelling case studies with theoretical clarity, it provides scholars, practitioners, and policymakers with a powerful framework for understanding and managing one of democracy’s greatest challenges.

Health and wellbeing at work is now a strategic issue for police organisations not just in the UK but across the developed world. This book provides insight into the issues that police organisations need to consider within this strategy.The purpose of this book is to collate current thinking from experts in the field of wellbeing in policing. In doing this, the book aims to be the go-to resource for all those involved with wellbeing in policing, whether they are studying this fascinating of professions, are considering embarking on a career in policing or both. This book reflects the burgeoning interest in wellbeing as a subject of study and brings together expert commentary, advice and guidance on all aspects that are known to impact policing. It contains the latest evidence of what works (politics and finance aside) and will provide readers with references to the very latest studies in the UK. Unlike other books in the field, this is written from multiple dimensions.This is key reading for Professional Policing degree students, as well as all those engaged in professional wellbeing, police culture, management, and leadership. It also serves aspiring police officers and current personnel seeking evidence-based strategies to improve organisational health and operational effectiveness.

Health and wellbeing at work is now a strategic issue for police organisations not just in the UK but across the developed world. This book provides insight into the issues that police organisations need to consider within this strategy.The purpose of this book is to collate current thinking from experts in the field of wellbeing in policing. In doing this, the book aims to be the go-to resource for all those involved with wellbeing in policing, whether they are studying this fascinating of professions, are considering embarking on a career in policing or both. This book reflects the burgeoning interest in wellbeing as a subject of study and brings together expert commentary, advice and guidance on all aspects that are known to impact policing. It contains the latest evidence of what works (politics and finance aside) and will provide readers with references to the very latest studies in the UK. Unlike other books in the field, this is written from multiple dimensions.This is key reading for Professional Policing degree students, as well as all those engaged in professional wellbeing, police culture, management, and leadership. It also serves aspiring police officers and current personnel seeking evidence-based strategies to improve organisational health and operational effectiveness.

The use of criminal intelligence remains a significant area of growth, especially across the wider “policing” arena. This book offers an accessible and critical account of how intelligence analysis can improve policing and law enforcement.This second edition has been updated with new research and material offering inventive modes of critical thinking, including both practical knowledge and an evaluative understanding of the applications and risks associated with intelligence. Some of the key features of the book include:Advances in theories of intelligence analysisCritical evaluation of intelligence sourcesRecommendations to improve practiceLeadership and management approaches in intelligence-led policingStrategic applications of intelligence for crime reductionTechnological innovation and data science integration in intelligence workFuture-focused, offering new ideas to develop policy and practiceThis volume is aimed at students and scholars of law enforcement intelligence studies, policing, and criminology. It will also be a useful resource for policymakers as well as practitioners in a range of law enforcement settings.

The use of criminal intelligence remains a significant area of growth, especially across the wider “policing” arena. This book offers an accessible and critical account of how intelligence analysis can improve policing and law enforcement.This second edition has been updated with new research and material offering inventive modes of critical thinking, including both practical knowledge and an evaluative understanding of the applications and risks associated with intelligence. Some of the key features of the book include:Advances in theories of intelligence analysisCritical evaluation of intelligence sourcesRecommendations to improve practiceLeadership and management approaches in intelligence-led policingStrategic applications of intelligence for crime reductionTechnological innovation and data science integration in intelligence workFuture-focused, offering new ideas to develop policy and practiceThis volume is aimed at students and scholars of law enforcement intelligence studies, policing, and criminology. It will also be a useful resource for policymakers as well as practitioners in a range of law enforcement settings.

This book explores the growing relationship between digital technology, criminal investigations, and modern policing. With the increase of technology used to assist and commit crimes, digital evidence now features in most investigations, therefore, the requirement for a collaborative approach between legal personnel is essential. Officers, investigations, and criminal justice professionals now require a practical understanding of how cyber security and digital forensics support the pursuit of justice.With this book written for students, frontline officers, investigators, and those new to digital investigations, this explains the key concepts in clear, accessible language without assuming prior technical knowledge. This book introduces the principles of confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA), examines the digital evidence commonly encountered in investigations, and explores the cyber-attacks that compromise systems and evidence. Following the understanding of devices and attacks, the next section guides the reader through the digital forensic processes, technical processes, evidential integrity, governance frameworks, compliance requirements, and the professional standards used across England and Wales.With this understanding achieved, there are a wide range of policing scenarios, case studies, and guidance to further embed knowledge and understanding of cyber and digital within law enforcement. The book demonstrates how digital evidence should be identified, preserved, analysed, documented and presented in court; but additionally, the importance of building strong cyber culture, as without this, the other stages would be ineffective. The result is a practical bridge between cyber security, digital forensics, and everyday policing practice in an increasingly digital society.This is essential reading for Professional Policing students taking courses on criminal investigation, crime scene management, digital policing, intelligence analysis, and cyber security.