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33 produkter

Del 26 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Guided-Wave Optoelectronics
AvTheodor Tamir
Häftad, Engelska, 1990
557 kr
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Because integrated optics and optoelectronics technology have been devel oping very rapidly during the past few years, significant advances have been made since the first edition of this book was published. Furthermore, interest in the book itself has been strong, leading to a demand for a new, updated version of the text. This has motivated us to issue the present revised pa perback edition, whose lower price will make it more easily accessible to researchers in the area and to interested graduate students, in particular. The present edition is essentially similar to the original hardcover book, except that a new chapter (Chap. 7) has been added, which briefly reviews the recent advances in the area and provides new references. Typographical errors spotted in the original edition have also been corrected. Although great care has been exercised, some errors may still occur in the text and other improvements could be introduced in a possible future edition. The volume editor would therefore appreciate any comments from readers, who are urged to communicate their suggestions directly to him.
Del 14 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Electrophotography and Development Physics
AvLawrence B. Schein
Häftad, Engelska, 1992
557 kr
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Electrophotography and Development Physics focuses on thecomplicated and increasingly important technology found inphotocopiers and laser printers. An introduction chapteracquaints the reader with the technical history ofelectrophotography, its current and projected markets, andalso alternative related copying and printing technologies.A concise descriptionof the physics of the completeelectrophotgraphic process is followed by an in-depthtreatment of static electricity. The three types ofdevelopmentsystems (two component, monocomponent, andliquid), and their associated charging mechanisms. In thissecond edition, a discussion of the new color copiers and achapter updating the original material have been added. Onmastering this material, which is presented in a mannersuitable for both the newcomer and the established expert,the reader will have a workingknowledge of theelectrophotographic process and a detailed knowledge of itsimportant subsystem, development.
Cavitation and Inhomogeneities in Underwater Acoustics
Proceedings of the First International Conference, Göttingen, Fed. Rep. of Germany, July 9–11, 1979
AvW. Lauterborn
Häftad, Engelska, 2012
557 kr
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Parametric Electronics
An Introduction
AvK.-H. Löcherer,C.-D. Brandt
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 106 kr
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In this chapter, first the parametric principle is illustrated by two simple examples, one mechanical and one electrical. Then the realization of time varying reactances is explained, followed by a short history of "parametric electronics". This survey demonstrates the importance of parametric circuits in the field of low-noise microwave electronics as well as explains the organization of this book. 1.1 The Parametric Principle An oscillating system comprising a single or several time-varying energy storing elements is called a parametric system; usually the variations are harmonic functions of time. Everybody knows one example of a mechanical parametric system from his childhood, namely, a swing. Therefore, we will start with this example though as it turns out, a swing is a rather compli cated parametric system. Fortunately, the electrical parametric systems, which form the object of this book, are simpler. Figure 1.1 shows such a swing. If it is removed from its equilibrium position and the child stands on it in a fixed attitude, the swing oscillates with a certain amplitude, the magnitude of which decreases with time due to the mechanical friction of the system. To increase the amplitude of oscil lation, the child changes positions during swinging: it crouches and straightens in a certain way twice during one cycle of the swing.
Insulating Films on Semiconductors
Proceedings of the Second International Conference, INFOS 81, Erlangen, Fed. Rep. of Germany, April 27–29, 1981
AvM. Schulz,G. Pensl
Häftad, Engelska, 2012
1 106 kr
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The INFOS 81 Conference on Insulating Films on Semiconductors was held at the University of Erlangen-NUrnberg in Erlangen from 27 to 29 April 1981. This conference was a sequel to the first conference INFOS 79 held in Durham. INFOS 81 attracted 170 participants from universities, research institutes and industry. Attendants were registered from 15 nations. The biannual topical conference series will be continued by INFOS 83 to be held in Eindhoven, The Netherlands, in April 1983. The conference proceedings include all the invited (Y) and contrlDUtea (42) papers presented at the meeting. The topics range from the basic physical understanding of the properties of insulating films and their interface to semiconductors to the discussion of stability and dielectric strength as well as growing and deposition techniques which are relevant for technical applications. Strong emphasis was given to the semiconductor silicon and its native oxide; however, sessions on compound semiconductors and other insulating films also raised strong interest. The proceedings survey the present state of our understanding of the system of insulating films on semiconductors. As a new aspect of the topic, the properties of semiconductors deposited and laser processed on insulating films was in cluded for the first time.
Ion Implantation Techniques
Lectures given at the Ion Implantation School in Connection with Fourth International Conference on Ion Implantation: Equipment and Techniques Berchtesgaden, Fed. Rep. of Germany, September 13–15, 1982
AvH. Ryssel,H. Glawischnig
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 106 kr
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In recent years, ion implantation has developed into the major doping technique for integrated circuits. Several series of conferences have dealt with the application of ion implantation to semiconductors and other materials (Thousand Oaks 1970, Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1971, Osaka 1974, Warwick 1975, Boulder 1976, Budapest 1978, and Albany 1980). Another series of conferences was devoted more to implantation equipment and tech- niques (Salford 1977, Trento 1978, and Kingston 1980). In connection with the Third International Conference on Ion Implantation: Equipment and Tech- niques, held at Queen's University,' Kingston, Ontario, Canada, July 8-11, 1980, a two-day instructional program was organized parallel to an implan- tation conference for the first time. This implantation school concentra- ted on aspects of implantation-equipment design. This book contains all lectures presented at the International Ion Implantation School organized in connection with the Fourth International Conference on Ion Implantation: Equipment and Techniques, held at the Convention Center, Berchtesgaden, Germany, September 13-17, 1982. In con- trast to the first .school, the main emphasis in thiS school was placed on practical aspects of implanter operation and application.In three chap- ters, various machine aspects of ion implantation (general concepts, ion sources, safety, calibration, dOSimetry), range distributions (stopping power, range profiles), and measuring techniques (electrical and nonelec- tri ca 1 measu ri ng techni ques, annea 1 i ng) are di scussed. In the appendi x, a review of the state of the art in modern implantation equipment is given.
Del 11 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Ion Implantation: Equipment and Techniques
Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference Berchtesgaden, Fed. Rep. of Germany, September 13–17, 1982
AvH. Ryssel,H. Glawischnig
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 106 kr
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The Fourth International Conference on Ion Implantation: Equipment and Tech- niques was held at the Convention Center in Berchtesgaden, Bavaria, Germany, from September 13 to 17, 1982. It was attended by more than 200 participants from over 20 different countries. Severa1 series of conferences have dealt with the app1ication of ion implantation to semiconductors and other materials (Thousand Oaks, 1970; Garmisch-Partenkirchen, 1971; Osaka, 1974; Warwick, 1975; Bou1der, 1975; Budapest, 1978; and Albany, 1980). Another series of conferences has been devoted to implantation equipment and techniques (S- ford, 1977; Trento, 1978; and Kingston, 1980). This conference was the fourth in the 1atter series. Twe1ve invited papers and 55 contributed papers covered the areas of ion implantation equipment, measuring techniques, and app1ica- tions of implantation to metals and semiconductors. A schoo1 on ion implantation was held in connection with the conference, and the 1ectures presented at this schoo1 were pub1ished as Vo1. 10 of the Springer Series in E1ectrophysics under the tit1e Ion Implantation Techniques (edited by H. Rysse1 and H. G1awischnig).During the conference, space was also provided for presentations and demonstrations by manufacturers of ion implantation equipment. Once again, this conference provided a forum for free discussion among implantation specia1ists in industry as we11 as research institutions. Espe- cially effective in stimulating a free exchange of information was the daily get-together over free beer at the "Bier Adam". Many people contributed to the success of this conference.
VLSI Technology
Fundamentals and Applications
AvYasuo Tarui
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 106 kr
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The origin of the development of integrated circuits up to VLSI is found in the invention of the transistor, which made it possible to achieve the ac- tion of a vacuum tube in a semiconducting solid. The structure of the tran- sistor can be constructed by a manufacturing technique such as the intro- duction of a small amount of an impurity into a semiconductor and, in ad- dition, most transistor characteristics can be improved by a reduction of dimensions. These are all important factors in the development. Actually, the microfabrication of the integrated circuit can be used for two purposes, namely to increase the integration density and to obtain an improved perfor- mance, e. g. a high speed. When one of these two aims is pursued, the result generally satisfies both. We use the Engl ish translation "very large scale integration (VLSIl" for "Cho LSI" in Japanese. In the United States of America, however, similar technology is bei ng developed under the name "very hi gh speed integrated circuits (VHSIl". This also originated from the nature of the integrated circuit which satisfies both purposes.Fortunately, the Japanese word "Cho LSI" has a wider meani ng than VLSI, so it can be used ina broader area. However, VLSI has a larger industrial effect than VHSI.
Del 13 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Physics of Highly Charged Ions
AvR.K. Janev,L.P. Presnyakovm. fl.
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
557 kr
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The physics of highly charged ions has become an essential ingredient of many modern research fields, such as x-ray astronomy and astrophysics, con trolled thermonuclear fusion, heavy ion nuclear physics, charged particle ac celerator physics, beam-foil spectroscopy, creation of xuv and x-ray lasers, etc. A broad spectrum of phenomena in high-temperature laboratory and astrophysical plasmas, as well as many aspects of their global physical state and behaviour, are directly influenced, and often fully determined, by the structure and collision properties of multiply charged ions. The growth of in terest in the physics of highly charged ions, experienced especially in the last ten to fifteen years, has stimulated a dramatic increase in research activity in this field and resulted in numerous significant achievements of both fun damental and practical importance. This book is devoted to the basic aspects of the physics of highly charged ions. Its principal aim is to provide a basis for understanding the structure and spectra of these ions, as well as their interactions with other atomic par ticles (electrons, ions, atoms and molecules). Particular attention is paid to the presentation of theoretical methods for the description of different radi ative and collision phenomena involving multiply charged ions. The exper imental material is included only to illustrate the validity of theoretical methods or to demonstrate those physical phenomena for which adequate theoretical descriptions are still absent. The general principles of atomic spectroscopy are included to the extent to which they are pertinent to the subject matter.
Relativity and Engineering
AvJean van Bladel
Häftad, Engelska, 2012
1 106 kr
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The main feature of this book is the emphasis on "practice". This approach, unusual in the relativistic literature, may be clarified by quoting some problems discussed in the text: - the analysis of rocket acceleration to relativistic velocities - the influence of gravitational fields on the accuracy of time measurements - the operation of optical rotation sensors - the evaluation of the Doppler spectrum produced by the linear (or ro- tional) motion of an antenna or scatterer - the use of the Cerenkov effect in the design of millimeter-wave power generators - the influence of the motion of a plasma on the transmission of electrom- netic waves through this medium. A correct solution of these (and analogous) problems requires the use of re lativistic principles. This remark remains valid even at low velocities, since first-order terms in (v/c) often playa fundamental role in the equations. The "applicational" approach used in the text should be acceptable to space engineers, nuclear engineers, electrical engineers, and more generally, ap plied physicists. Electrical engineers, in particular, are concerned with re lativity by way of the electrodynamics of moving bodies. This discipline is of decisive importance for power engineers, who are confronted with problems such as - the justification of a forcing function (-D~/Dt) in the circuit equation of a moving loop - a correct formulation of Maxwell's equations in rotating coordinate systems - the resolution of "sliding contact" paradoxes - a theoretically satisfying analysis of magnetic levitation systems.
Principles of Plasma Electrodynamics
AvAndrej F. Alexandrov,L. S. Bogdankevichm. fl.
Häftad, Engelska, 2013
1 766 kr
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The manuscript tackles one of the most interesting branches of plasma phys ics, the electrodynamics of the plasma. 99% of matter in the universe occur in the plasma state, - e. g. , stars, gaseous nebulae, interstellar gas. The plasma also widely occurs on earth. Thus, the ionosphere protects human beings from the destroying effects of the solar radiation and provides the long distance radio communication. Plasmas also show up in metals and semicon ductors, and it is difficult to overestimate their importance in our everyday life. But even more important is that the power engineering of the future is connected with plasmas since the plasma is the fuel for thermonuclear reca tions and a practically unlimited source of energy harmless to the environ ment. For the description of a hot plasma a unique logically complete and consistent theoretical model has been developed on the basis of the Maxwell Vlasov equations. We tried to carry this idea through the entire text, which aims to present an orderly exposition of electromagnetic properties of the plasma within the Maxwell-Vlasov model. Both linear and nonlinear elec trodynamics of the plasma are presented. The first part (Chap. 1-5) deals with the linear electromagnetic properties of the plasma in thermodynamic equilibrium. The basic equations of the Maxwell-Vlasov model are introduced and the properties of the plasma in equilibrium are studied in the linear approximation of the electromagnetic field. The second part (Chaps.
Del 17 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Concert Hall Acoustics
AvYoichi Ando
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
557 kr
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The acoustic quality of a concert hall has frequently poseda mysterious puzzle, namely, what physical aspects of thesound field can produce superior sound for the listener. Theauthor has been probing for more than adecade into thesubjective qualities preferred for musical and speechsounds. The result of his extensive investigations - thediscovery that four and only four independent parameterscontribute effectively to good acoustics - is summarized inthe present book. The capability of calculating acousticalquality at any seat in a proposed concert hall is a uniqueand quite useful aspect of Ando's design method. Alternativearchitectural schemes can be compared based on the number ofseats which exceeds a previously accepted minimum standardof acoustical quality.
Del 18 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Planar Circuits for Microwaves and Lightwaves
AvT. Okoshi
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
557 kr
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Until recently, three principal classes had been known in the electrical cir cuitry. They were as follows: 1) The lumped-constant circuit, which should be called a zero-dimensional circuit, in the sense that the circuit elements are much smaller in size as compared with the wavelength in all three spatial directions. 2) The distributed-constant circuit, which should be called a one-dimensional circuit, in the sense that the circuit elements are much smaller than the wavelength in two directions but comparable to the wavelength in one di rection. 3) The waveguide circuit, which should be called a three-dimensional circuit, in the sense that the circuit elements are comparable to the wavelength in all three directions. The principal subject of this book is the analysis and design (synthesis) theories for another circuit class which appeared in the late 1960s and became common in the 1970s. This new circuit class is 4) the planar circuit, which should be called a two-dimensional circuit, in the sense that the circuit elements are much smaller in size as compared with the wavelength in one direction, but comparable to the wavelength in the other two directions.
Del 19 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Physics of Shock Waves in Gases and Plasmas
AvMichael A. Libermann,Alexander L. Velikovich
Häftad, Engelska, 2012
557 kr
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As Emile Jouguet remarked, "the shock wave flew off the tip of the pen of a theoretician for the first time" about a hundred years ago. The physics of shock waves has since grown into an independent branch of science closely linked with a wide range of research areas, from astrophysics and plasma physics to solid-state physics. Since the beginning, theoretical investiga tion has kept its leading role. The present book is devoted to actual problems of the theory of shock waves in gases and plasmas, that are of general interest to physicists. It con tains the results of studies on shock structure, stability, evolutionarity and dynamics. Of special interest is the theory of shock phenomena in mag netic fields, which is important for applied research on controlled nuclear fusion. A substantial contribution to this theory has been made by these authors. This monograph is the first attempt in the literature to make a systematic presentation of the shock-structure theory.The theory is consistently sub stantiated by relevant experimental results obtained recently with the use of high-power electromagnetic shock tubes. The material contained here is applicable to the solution of a wide variety of problems arising in plasma physics, nuclear fusion and cosmic gasdynamics. I believe that this book will be of help and interest for a broad circle of research workers (physi cists, astrophysicists and engineers concerned with energy accumulation, shock phenomena and other related problems of plasma hydrodynamics) as well as for university staff, post- and undergraduates.
Kinetic Theory of Particles and Photons
Theoretical Foundations of Non-LTE Plasma Spectroscopy
AvJoachim Oxenius
Häftad, Engelska, 2012
1 326 kr
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Many laboratory and astrophysical plasmas show deviations from local ther modynamic equilibrium (LTE). This monograph develops non-LTE plasma spectroscopy as a kinetic theory of particles and photons, considering the radiation field as a photon gas whose distribution function (the radiation in tensity) obeys a kinetic equation (the radiative transfer equation), just as the distribution functions of particles obey kinetic equations. Such a unified ap proach provides clear insight into the physics of non-LTE plasmas. Chapter 1 treats the principle of detailed balance, of central importance for understanding the non-LTE effects in plasmas. Chapters 2, 3 deal with kinetic equations of particles and photons, respectively, followed by a chapter on the fluid description of gases with radiative interactions. Chapter 5 is devoted to the H theorem, and closes the more general first part of the book. The last two chapters deal with more specific topics. After briefly discuss ing optically thin plasmas, Chap. 6 treats non-LTE line transfer by two-level atoms, the line profile coefficients of three-level atoms, and non-Maxwellian electron distribution functions. Chapter 7 discusses topics where momentum exchange between matter and radiation is crucial: the approach to thermal equilibrium through interaction with blackbody radiation, radiative forces, and Compton scattering. A number of appendices have been added to make the book self-contained and to treat more special questions. In particular, Appendix B contains an in troductory discussion of atomic line profile coefficients.
Del 21 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Picosecond Electronics and Optoelectronics
Proceedings of the Topical Meeting Lake Tahoe, Nevada, March 13–15, 1985
AvGerard A. Mourou,David M. Bloomm. fl.
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 766 kr
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Over the past decade, we have witnessed a number of spectacular advances in the fabrication of crystalline semiconductor devices due mainly to the pro gress of the different techni ques of heteroepitaxy. The di scovery of two dimensional behavior of electrons led to the development of a new breed of ultrafast electronic and optical devices, such as modulation doped FETs, permeable base transistors, and double heterojunction transistors. Comparable progress has been made in the domain of cryoelectronics, ultrashort pulse generation, and ultrafast diagnostics. Dye lasers can generate 8 fs signals after compression, diode lasers can be modulated at speeds close to 20 GHz and electrical signals are characterized with subpicosecond accuracy via the electro-optic effect. Presently, we are experiencing an important interplay between the field of optics and electronics; the purpose of this meeting was to foster and enhance the interaction between the two disciplines. It was logical to start the conference by presenting to the two different audiences, i. e. , electronics and optics, the state-of-the-art in the two res pective fields and to highlight the importance of optical techniques in the analysis of physical processes and device performances. One of the leading techniques in this area is the electro-optic sampling technique. This optical technique has been used to characterize transmission lines and GaAs devices. Carrier transport in semiconductors is of fundamental importance and some of its important aspects are stressed in these proceedings.
Del 16 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Electromagnetic Induction Phenomena
AvDavid Schieber
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
557 kr
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From an engineering perspective, Electrodynamics is the province of two cul tures. The most easily identified of the two is primarily concerned with phe nomena in which the propagation of electromagnetic waves is crucial. Includ ed are the designers of microwave circuits, of antennae and of many-wave length communication channels. The interests of the second group focus on dynamical processes associated with the evolution of field sources, whether these be electrons and holes migrating in a semiconductor, or currents diffus ing in a moving metal. Because the second culture is primarily concerned with the interaction be tween electromagnetic fields and media, where the latter are often responsible for the dominant dynamical processes, it addresses applications that are more widely ranging. A few from a very long list would include electrostatic print ing, rotating machines, power transmission apparatus, the electromagnetics of biological systems and physical electronics. Whether by nature or by de sign, the phenomena of interest are generally electro quasi static or magneto quasistatic in this second branch of electrodynamics. It is tempting to say that the two branches of electrodynamics can be distinguished by the frequency range, but electron-beam and microwave-magnetic devices, with their respec tive plasma oscillations and spin waves, are examples where the frequencies can be in the GHz range while the fundamental interactions are quasistatic. By design, so also are those that determine the frequency response of a transistor.
Picosecond Electronics and Optoelectronics II
Proceedings of the Second OSA-IEEE (LEOS) Incline Village, Nevada, January 14–16, 1987
AvFrederick J. Leonberger,Chi Chiangm. fl.
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 106 kr
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Over the past five years, there has been an enormous increase in the inter est in and understanding of electronic and optoelectronic devices operating in the picosecond (multigigahertz) range. This has been fueled in a sig nificant way by the spectacular advances in picosecond laser technology, electro optic sampling, III-V devices, and wideband fiber optic systems. Partly to address these advances, a new conference jointly sponsored by the IEEE Lasers and Electrooptics Society (IEEE (LEOS)) and the Op tical Society of America (OSA) was founded and its first meeting held in March 1985. The purpose of this meeting was to bring together work ers in the areas of electronics and optoelectronics who share a common interest in the physics and technology of picosecond solid-state electronic and optoelectronic devices, their multigigahertz applications, and ultrafast measurement techniques. Emphasis was placed on the interdisciplinary as pects of these areas, since each area is covered by its own topical meeting. This meeting was quite successful and led to a second meeting, of which this volume forms the proceedings.
Photonic Switching
Proceedings of the First Topical Meeting, Incline Village, Nevada, March 18–20, 1987
AvT. Kenneth Gustafson,Peter W. Smith
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 106 kr
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The first topical meeting on Photonic Switching was held March 18-20, 1987 in Incline Village, Nev., USA in conjunction with the second topical meeting on Optical Computing. It was sponsored by the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society and the Optical Society of America with the co operation of the IEEE Communications Society. The attendance at these meetings was well in excess of 500 persons - a measure of the growing worldwide interest in optical techniques for switching and signal process ing. Our goal in organizing the Photonic Switching meeting was to provide a forum for the presentation of original papers on the subjects of devices and architectures suitable for switching, multiplexing or routing of optical signals. The purpose of the meeting was to foster and enhance interaction between two groups that share a common interest in exploring possible applications of photonic switching technology: people working on optical switching devices and components, and people working on future switching systems and networks.
Del 27 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Ultra-Fast Silicon Bipolar Technology
AvLudwig Treitinger,Mitiko Miura-Mattausch
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
557 kr
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Since the first bipolar transistor was investigated in 1947, enormous efforts have been devoted to semiconductor devices. The strong world wide competition in fabricating metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect of develop transistor (MOSFET) memories has accelerated the pace ments in semiconductor technology. Bipolar transistors play a major role due to their high-speed performance. Delay times of about 20 ps per gate have already been achieved. Because of this rapid technologi cal progress, it is difficult to predict the future with any certainty. In 1987 a special session on ultrafast bipolar transistors was held at the European Solid-State Device Research Conference. Its aim was to sum marize the most recent developments and to discuss the future of bip olar transistors. This book is based on that session but also includes contributions by other participants, such that a broad range of up-to is presented. Several conclusions can be drawn from date information this information: the first and most important is the very large poten tial for future progress still existing in this field. This progress is char acterized by the drive towards higher speed and lower power con sumption required for complex single-chip systems, as well as by sev eral concrete technological implementations for fulfilling these dem is that a large part of this potential can be ands. The second conclusion realized by rather unsophisticated techniques and configurations well suited to uncomplicated transfer to fabrication.
Del 28 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Physics of Quantum Electron Devices
AvFederico Capasso
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
557 kr
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The ability to engineer the bandstructure and the wavefunction over length scales previously inaccessible to technology using artificially structured materials and nanolithography has led to a new class of electron semiconductor devices whose operation is controlled by quantum effects. These structures not only represent exciting tools for investigating new quantum phenomena in semiconductors, but also offer exciting opportunities for applications. This book gives the first comprehensive treatment of the physics of quantum electron devices. This interdisciplinary field, at the junction between material science, physics and technology, has witnessed an explosive growth in recent years. This volume presents a detailed coverage of the physics of the underlying phenomena, and their device and circuit applications, together with fabrication and growth technology.
Del 23 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Guided-Wave Acousto-Optics
Interactions, Devices, and Applications
AvChen S. Tsai
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
557 kr
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The field of integrated- or guided-wave optics has experienced significant and continuous growth since its inception in the late 1960s. There has been a considerable increase in research and development activity in this field worldwide and some significant advances in the realization of working in tegrated optic devices and modules have been made in recent years. In fact, there have already been some commercial manufacturing and technical ap plications of such devices and modules. The guided-wave-acoustooptics involving Bragg interactions between guided optical waves and surface acoustic waves is one of the areas of in tegrated-optics that has reached some degree of scientific and technological maturity. This topical volume is devoted to an in-depth treatment of this emerging branch of science and technology. Presented in this volume are concise treatments on bulk-wave acoustooptics, guided-wave optics, and surface acoustic waves, and detailed studies of guided-wave acoustooptic Bragg diffraction in three promising material substrates, namely, LiNb0 , 3 ZnO/Si0 , and GaAs, the resulting wide band modulators and deflectors, 2 and applications. The chapters cover not only the basic principles and the oretical analysis, but also the design, fabrication, and measurement of the resulting devices and modules, and their applications.
Del 30 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Nonlinear Photonics
AvHyatt M. Gibbs,Galina Khitrovam. fl.
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
557 kr
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Nonlinear photonics is the name given to the use of nonlinear optical devices for the generation, communication, processing, or analysis of information. This book is a progress report on research into practical applications of such devices. At present, modulation, switching, routing, decision-making, and detection in photonic systems are all done with electronics and linear optoelectronic devices. However, this may soon change, as nonlinear optical devices, e.g. picosecond samplers and switches, begin to complement optoelectonic devices. The authors succinctly summarize past accomplishments in this field and point to hopes for the future, making this an ideal book for newcomers or seasoned researchers wanting to design and perfect nonlinear optical devices and to identify applications in photonic systems.
Del 29 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Photonic Switching II
Proceedings of the International Topical Meeting, Kobe, Japan, April 12–14, 1990
AvKunio Tada,H. Scott Hinton
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 106 kr
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The 1990 International Topical Meeting on Photonic Switching was held April 12-14, 1990, in Kobe, Japan, in conjunction with the 1990 International Meet ing on Optical Computing. It was sponsored by the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers in cooperation with the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, the Optical Society of America, and the Japan So ciety of Applied Physics. The attendance was in excess of 340 persons, with 18 countries represented - a testimony to the current international interest in photonic switching. This book contains expanded and more detailed versions of most of the papers presented at the topical meeting. With the success of optical fibers there is an increased demand for a switch ing system that can operate directly on the light present in the fibers. The goal is to reduce the total number of optical-to-electrical and electrical-to-optical transformations as far as possible, in addition to exploiting the large spec tral and temporal bandwidth offered by such an optically transparent system.
Single-Electron Tunneling and Mesoscopic Devices
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference SQUID ’91 (Sessions on SET and Mesoscopic Devices), Berlin, Fed. Rep. of Germany, June 18–21, 1991
AvHans Koch,Heinz Lübbig
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 106 kr
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Single-electron tunneling (SET) and related phenomena have recently come to be considered as "hot topics". This also became apparent when we organized the 4th International Conference on Superconducting and Quantum Effect Devices and Their Applications, SQUID'91, which was held June 18-21, 1991, in Berlin, Germany. Impressed by the number of contributions dedicated to the new physics of ultrasmall devices, we deemed it appropriate to devote this volume of the Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics to these specialized proceedings. The other contributions presented at SQUID'91, which are more conventional in character but nevertheless contain excitingly innovative results, are published separately as Volume 64 of the series Springer Proceedings in Physics. At first glance it seems strange that a conference abbreviated SQUID'91 should attract so many papers on non-superconducting devices, and in fact the first SQUID'XX conferences dealt exclusively with the physics and technology of Josephson junctions, SQUIDs and other superconducting devices and their ap plications. However, many concepts developed for superconducting devices, like tunneling, flux quantization, and flux-charge conjugation, appeared to be suitable for ultrasmall non-superconducting structures as well, and many researchers in the field of superconducting devices extended their activities accordingly. Thus the extension of the conference programme evolved quite informally. Meanwhile, the meetings established themselves as well-known conference series tradition ally appreciated by the SQUID community for its balanced mixture of physics and technology, review and preview. SQUID'XX became a kind of a trademark.
Del 33 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Monolithic Diode-Laser Arrays
AvNils W. Carlson
Häftad, Engelska, 2012
557 kr
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Over the last two decades, the search for a compact, high-power semiconductor source has produced many designs and concepts for monolithic diode-laser arrays and optical amplifiers. However, only a few design approaches have emerged with the potential for producing high-power, high-brightness monolithic sources. Although semiconductor-diode lasers are the most compact, highest gain and most efficient laser sources, challenges remain in developing structures that will produce high-quality, diffraction-limited output beams. This book presents and analyzes the results of work performed over the last twenty years in the development of high-brightness diode-laser arrays.
Del 32 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Silicon-Based Millimeter-Wave Devices
AvJohann-Friedrich Luy,Peter Russer
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
557 kr
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Silicon-Based Millimeter-Wave Devices describes field-theoretical methods for the design and analysis of planar waveguide structures and antennas. The principles and limitations of transit-time devices with different injection mechanisms are discussed, as are aspects of fabrication and characterization. The physical properties of silicon Schottky contacts and diodes are treated in a separate chapter. Two chapters cover the silicon/germanium devices: physics and RF properties of the heterobipolar transistor and quantum effect devices such as the resonant tunneling element are described. The integration of devices in monolithic circuits is explained and advanced technologies are presented along with the self-mixing oscillator operation. Finally sensor and system applications are considered.
Del 22 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
High-Speed Electronics
Basic Physical Phenomena and Device Principles Proceedings of the International Conference, Stockholm, Sweden, August 7–9, 1986
AvBengt Källbäck,Heinz Beneking
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 106 kr
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In the past, a number of Satellite Conferences have been held in con nection with the International Conference on Physics of Semiconductors, covering selected fields of interest. In 1986, when the main conference was held in Stockholm, Sweden, new. phenomena had to be discussed: super lattices, hot 'electron phenomena and new device structures for high-speed applications. The aim was to select topics which would be of interest to physicists as well as to electronics engineers. Therefore a Satellite Con ference on H!gh-Speed Electronics, Basic Physical Phenomena and Device Principles, was arranged at Saltjobaden, a coastal resort near Stockholm. An organizing committee was established after the first suggestion made by Professor Grimmeiss from the University of Lund, Sweden, and some preliminary discussions on the Conference format. A Program Committee was established to be responsible for the further selection of the invited talks, the regular papers and poster presentation. The aim was to have a broad spectrum of contributions to attract physicists as well as device oriented engineers and to stimulate discussions among the participants. These Proceedings contain all oral and poster presentations, with em phasis on the invited talks, which give a competent overview of the field. The fast publication by Springer-Verlag has permitted the presentation of an up-to-date survey of the principles of high-speed electronics. Incorpo ration in the Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics will enable the book to be distributed worldwide and to reach all interested scientists.
Noise in Physical Systems
Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Noise, Bad Nauheim, Fed. Rep. of Germany, March 13–16, 1978
AvD. Wolf
Häftad, Engelska, 2012
1 106 kr
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Noise in physical systems - as a consequence of the corpuscular nature of matter - conveys information about microscopic mechanisms determining the macroscopic behavior of the system. Besides being a source of information, noise also represents a source of annoying disturbances which affect information transMission along a physical system. Therefore, noise analysis can promote our insight into the behavior of a physical system, as well as our knowledge of the natural constraints imposed upon physical-information transmission channels and devices. In recent years the continuous scientific and technical interest in noise problems has led to a remarkable progress in the understanding of noise phenomena. This progress is reflected by the rich material presented at the Fifth International Conference on Noise in Physical Systems. The conference papers originally published in these proceedings cover the various aspects of today's noise research in the fields of solid-state devices, l/f-noise, magnetic and superconducting materials, measuring methods, and theory of fluctuations. Each session of the conference was introduced by one or two invited review lectures which are included in these proceedings in full length. The 12 invited papers and more than 40 contributed papers on specific topics (only three of them have been omitted from the proceedings since they will be published elsewhere) provide a comprehensive survey of the current state-of-the-art and recent advances of noise analysis.
Del 1 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Structural Pattern Recognition
AvT. Pavlidis
Häftad, Engelska, 2014
557 kr
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Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics – serie

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Del 26 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Guided-Wave Optoelectronics
AvTheodor Tamir
Häftad, Engelska, 1990
557 kr
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Because integrated optics and optoelectronics technology have been devel oping very rapidly during the past few years, significant advances have been made since the first edition of this book was published. Furthermore, interest in the book itself has been strong, leading to a demand for a new, updated version of the text. This has motivated us to issue the present revised pa perback edition, whose lower price will make it more easily accessible to researchers in the area and to interested graduate students, in particular. The present edition is essentially similar to the original hardcover book, except that a new chapter (Chap. 7) has been added, which briefly reviews the recent advances in the area and provides new references. Typographical errors spotted in the original edition have also been corrected. Although great care has been exercised, some errors may still occur in the text and other improvements could be introduced in a possible future edition. The volume editor would therefore appreciate any comments from readers, who are urged to communicate their suggestions directly to him.
Del 14 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Electrophotography and Development Physics
AvLawrence B. Schein
Häftad, Engelska, 1992
557 kr
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Electrophotography and Development Physics focuses on thecomplicated and increasingly important technology found inphotocopiers and laser printers. An introduction chapteracquaints the reader with the technical history ofelectrophotography, its current and projected markets, andalso alternative related copying and printing technologies.A concise descriptionof the physics of the completeelectrophotgraphic process is followed by an in-depthtreatment of static electricity. The three types ofdevelopmentsystems (two component, monocomponent, andliquid), and their associated charging mechanisms. In thissecond edition, a discussion of the new color copiers and achapter updating the original material have been added. Onmastering this material, which is presented in a mannersuitable for both the newcomer and the established expert,the reader will have a workingknowledge of theelectrophotographic process and a detailed knowledge of itsimportant subsystem, development.
Cavitation and Inhomogeneities in Underwater Acoustics
Proceedings of the First International Conference, Göttingen, Fed. Rep. of Germany, July 9–11, 1979
AvW. Lauterborn
Häftad, Engelska, 2012
557 kr
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Parametric Electronics
An Introduction
AvK.-H. Löcherer,C.-D. Brandt
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 106 kr
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In this chapter, first the parametric principle is illustrated by two simple examples, one mechanical and one electrical. Then the realization of time varying reactances is explained, followed by a short history of "parametric electronics". This survey demonstrates the importance of parametric circuits in the field of low-noise microwave electronics as well as explains the organization of this book. 1.1 The Parametric Principle An oscillating system comprising a single or several time-varying energy storing elements is called a parametric system; usually the variations are harmonic functions of time. Everybody knows one example of a mechanical parametric system from his childhood, namely, a swing. Therefore, we will start with this example though as it turns out, a swing is a rather compli cated parametric system. Fortunately, the electrical parametric systems, which form the object of this book, are simpler. Figure 1.1 shows such a swing. If it is removed from its equilibrium position and the child stands on it in a fixed attitude, the swing oscillates with a certain amplitude, the magnitude of which decreases with time due to the mechanical friction of the system. To increase the amplitude of oscil lation, the child changes positions during swinging: it crouches and straightens in a certain way twice during one cycle of the swing.
Insulating Films on Semiconductors
Proceedings of the Second International Conference, INFOS 81, Erlangen, Fed. Rep. of Germany, April 27–29, 1981
AvM. Schulz,G. Pensl
Häftad, Engelska, 2012
1 106 kr
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The INFOS 81 Conference on Insulating Films on Semiconductors was held at the University of Erlangen-NUrnberg in Erlangen from 27 to 29 April 1981. This conference was a sequel to the first conference INFOS 79 held in Durham. INFOS 81 attracted 170 participants from universities, research institutes and industry. Attendants were registered from 15 nations. The biannual topical conference series will be continued by INFOS 83 to be held in Eindhoven, The Netherlands, in April 1983. The conference proceedings include all the invited (Y) and contrlDUtea (42) papers presented at the meeting. The topics range from the basic physical understanding of the properties of insulating films and their interface to semiconductors to the discussion of stability and dielectric strength as well as growing and deposition techniques which are relevant for technical applications. Strong emphasis was given to the semiconductor silicon and its native oxide; however, sessions on compound semiconductors and other insulating films also raised strong interest. The proceedings survey the present state of our understanding of the system of insulating films on semiconductors. As a new aspect of the topic, the properties of semiconductors deposited and laser processed on insulating films was in cluded for the first time.
Ion Implantation Techniques
Lectures given at the Ion Implantation School in Connection with Fourth International Conference on Ion Implantation: Equipment and Techniques Berchtesgaden, Fed. Rep. of Germany, September 13–15, 1982
AvH. Ryssel,H. Glawischnig
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 106 kr
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In recent years, ion implantation has developed into the major doping technique for integrated circuits. Several series of conferences have dealt with the application of ion implantation to semiconductors and other materials (Thousand Oaks 1970, Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1971, Osaka 1974, Warwick 1975, Boulder 1976, Budapest 1978, and Albany 1980). Another series of conferences was devoted more to implantation equipment and tech- niques (Salford 1977, Trento 1978, and Kingston 1980). In connection with the Third International Conference on Ion Implantation: Equipment and Tech- niques, held at Queen's University,' Kingston, Ontario, Canada, July 8-11, 1980, a two-day instructional program was organized parallel to an implan- tation conference for the first time. This implantation school concentra- ted on aspects of implantation-equipment design. This book contains all lectures presented at the International Ion Implantation School organized in connection with the Fourth International Conference on Ion Implantation: Equipment and Techniques, held at the Convention Center, Berchtesgaden, Germany, September 13-17, 1982. In con- trast to the first .school, the main emphasis in thiS school was placed on practical aspects of implanter operation and application.In three chap- ters, various machine aspects of ion implantation (general concepts, ion sources, safety, calibration, dOSimetry), range distributions (stopping power, range profiles), and measuring techniques (electrical and nonelec- tri ca 1 measu ri ng techni ques, annea 1 i ng) are di scussed. In the appendi x, a review of the state of the art in modern implantation equipment is given.
Del 11 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Ion Implantation: Equipment and Techniques
Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference Berchtesgaden, Fed. Rep. of Germany, September 13–17, 1982
AvH. Ryssel,H. Glawischnig
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 106 kr
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The Fourth International Conference on Ion Implantation: Equipment and Tech- niques was held at the Convention Center in Berchtesgaden, Bavaria, Germany, from September 13 to 17, 1982. It was attended by more than 200 participants from over 20 different countries. Severa1 series of conferences have dealt with the app1ication of ion implantation to semiconductors and other materials (Thousand Oaks, 1970; Garmisch-Partenkirchen, 1971; Osaka, 1974; Warwick, 1975; Bou1der, 1975; Budapest, 1978; and Albany, 1980). Another series of conferences has been devoted to implantation equipment and techniques (S- ford, 1977; Trento, 1978; and Kingston, 1980). This conference was the fourth in the 1atter series. Twe1ve invited papers and 55 contributed papers covered the areas of ion implantation equipment, measuring techniques, and app1ica- tions of implantation to metals and semiconductors. A schoo1 on ion implantation was held in connection with the conference, and the 1ectures presented at this schoo1 were pub1ished as Vo1. 10 of the Springer Series in E1ectrophysics under the tit1e Ion Implantation Techniques (edited by H. Rysse1 and H. G1awischnig).During the conference, space was also provided for presentations and demonstrations by manufacturers of ion implantation equipment. Once again, this conference provided a forum for free discussion among implantation specia1ists in industry as we11 as research institutions. Espe- cially effective in stimulating a free exchange of information was the daily get-together over free beer at the "Bier Adam". Many people contributed to the success of this conference.
VLSI Technology
Fundamentals and Applications
AvYasuo Tarui
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 106 kr
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The origin of the development of integrated circuits up to VLSI is found in the invention of the transistor, which made it possible to achieve the ac- tion of a vacuum tube in a semiconducting solid. The structure of the tran- sistor can be constructed by a manufacturing technique such as the intro- duction of a small amount of an impurity into a semiconductor and, in ad- dition, most transistor characteristics can be improved by a reduction of dimensions. These are all important factors in the development. Actually, the microfabrication of the integrated circuit can be used for two purposes, namely to increase the integration density and to obtain an improved perfor- mance, e. g. a high speed. When one of these two aims is pursued, the result generally satisfies both. We use the Engl ish translation "very large scale integration (VLSIl" for "Cho LSI" in Japanese. In the United States of America, however, similar technology is bei ng developed under the name "very hi gh speed integrated circuits (VHSIl". This also originated from the nature of the integrated circuit which satisfies both purposes.Fortunately, the Japanese word "Cho LSI" has a wider meani ng than VLSI, so it can be used ina broader area. However, VLSI has a larger industrial effect than VHSI.
Del 13 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Physics of Highly Charged Ions
AvR.K. Janev,L.P. Presnyakovm. fl.
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
557 kr
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The physics of highly charged ions has become an essential ingredient of many modern research fields, such as x-ray astronomy and astrophysics, con trolled thermonuclear fusion, heavy ion nuclear physics, charged particle ac celerator physics, beam-foil spectroscopy, creation of xuv and x-ray lasers, etc. A broad spectrum of phenomena in high-temperature laboratory and astrophysical plasmas, as well as many aspects of their global physical state and behaviour, are directly influenced, and often fully determined, by the structure and collision properties of multiply charged ions. The growth of in terest in the physics of highly charged ions, experienced especially in the last ten to fifteen years, has stimulated a dramatic increase in research activity in this field and resulted in numerous significant achievements of both fun damental and practical importance. This book is devoted to the basic aspects of the physics of highly charged ions. Its principal aim is to provide a basis for understanding the structure and spectra of these ions, as well as their interactions with other atomic par ticles (electrons, ions, atoms and molecules). Particular attention is paid to the presentation of theoretical methods for the description of different radi ative and collision phenomena involving multiply charged ions. The exper imental material is included only to illustrate the validity of theoretical methods or to demonstrate those physical phenomena for which adequate theoretical descriptions are still absent. The general principles of atomic spectroscopy are included to the extent to which they are pertinent to the subject matter.
Relativity and Engineering
AvJean van Bladel
Häftad, Engelska, 2012
1 106 kr
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The main feature of this book is the emphasis on "practice". This approach, unusual in the relativistic literature, may be clarified by quoting some problems discussed in the text: - the analysis of rocket acceleration to relativistic velocities - the influence of gravitational fields on the accuracy of time measurements - the operation of optical rotation sensors - the evaluation of the Doppler spectrum produced by the linear (or ro- tional) motion of an antenna or scatterer - the use of the Cerenkov effect in the design of millimeter-wave power generators - the influence of the motion of a plasma on the transmission of electrom- netic waves through this medium. A correct solution of these (and analogous) problems requires the use of re lativistic principles. This remark remains valid even at low velocities, since first-order terms in (v/c) often playa fundamental role in the equations. The "applicational" approach used in the text should be acceptable to space engineers, nuclear engineers, electrical engineers, and more generally, ap plied physicists. Electrical engineers, in particular, are concerned with re lativity by way of the electrodynamics of moving bodies. This discipline is of decisive importance for power engineers, who are confronted with problems such as - the justification of a forcing function (-D~/Dt) in the circuit equation of a moving loop - a correct formulation of Maxwell's equations in rotating coordinate systems - the resolution of "sliding contact" paradoxes - a theoretically satisfying analysis of magnetic levitation systems.
Principles of Plasma Electrodynamics
AvAndrej F. Alexandrov,L. S. Bogdankevichm. fl.
Häftad, Engelska, 2013
1 766 kr
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The manuscript tackles one of the most interesting branches of plasma phys ics, the electrodynamics of the plasma. 99% of matter in the universe occur in the plasma state, - e. g. , stars, gaseous nebulae, interstellar gas. The plasma also widely occurs on earth. Thus, the ionosphere protects human beings from the destroying effects of the solar radiation and provides the long distance radio communication. Plasmas also show up in metals and semicon ductors, and it is difficult to overestimate their importance in our everyday life. But even more important is that the power engineering of the future is connected with plasmas since the plasma is the fuel for thermonuclear reca tions and a practically unlimited source of energy harmless to the environ ment. For the description of a hot plasma a unique logically complete and consistent theoretical model has been developed on the basis of the Maxwell Vlasov equations. We tried to carry this idea through the entire text, which aims to present an orderly exposition of electromagnetic properties of the plasma within the Maxwell-Vlasov model. Both linear and nonlinear elec trodynamics of the plasma are presented. The first part (Chap. 1-5) deals with the linear electromagnetic properties of the plasma in thermodynamic equilibrium. The basic equations of the Maxwell-Vlasov model are introduced and the properties of the plasma in equilibrium are studied in the linear approximation of the electromagnetic field. The second part (Chaps.
Del 17 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Concert Hall Acoustics
AvYoichi Ando
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
557 kr
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The acoustic quality of a concert hall has frequently poseda mysterious puzzle, namely, what physical aspects of thesound field can produce superior sound for the listener. Theauthor has been probing for more than adecade into thesubjective qualities preferred for musical and speechsounds. The result of his extensive investigations - thediscovery that four and only four independent parameterscontribute effectively to good acoustics - is summarized inthe present book. The capability of calculating acousticalquality at any seat in a proposed concert hall is a uniqueand quite useful aspect of Ando's design method. Alternativearchitectural schemes can be compared based on the number ofseats which exceeds a previously accepted minimum standardof acoustical quality.
Del 18 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Planar Circuits for Microwaves and Lightwaves
AvT. Okoshi
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
557 kr
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Until recently, three principal classes had been known in the electrical cir cuitry. They were as follows: 1) The lumped-constant circuit, which should be called a zero-dimensional circuit, in the sense that the circuit elements are much smaller in size as compared with the wavelength in all three spatial directions. 2) The distributed-constant circuit, which should be called a one-dimensional circuit, in the sense that the circuit elements are much smaller than the wavelength in two directions but comparable to the wavelength in one di rection. 3) The waveguide circuit, which should be called a three-dimensional circuit, in the sense that the circuit elements are comparable to the wavelength in all three directions. The principal subject of this book is the analysis and design (synthesis) theories for another circuit class which appeared in the late 1960s and became common in the 1970s. This new circuit class is 4) the planar circuit, which should be called a two-dimensional circuit, in the sense that the circuit elements are much smaller in size as compared with the wavelength in one direction, but comparable to the wavelength in the other two directions.
Del 19 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Physics of Shock Waves in Gases and Plasmas
AvMichael A. Libermann,Alexander L. Velikovich
Häftad, Engelska, 2012
557 kr
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As Emile Jouguet remarked, "the shock wave flew off the tip of the pen of a theoretician for the first time" about a hundred years ago. The physics of shock waves has since grown into an independent branch of science closely linked with a wide range of research areas, from astrophysics and plasma physics to solid-state physics. Since the beginning, theoretical investiga tion has kept its leading role. The present book is devoted to actual problems of the theory of shock waves in gases and plasmas, that are of general interest to physicists. It con tains the results of studies on shock structure, stability, evolutionarity and dynamics. Of special interest is the theory of shock phenomena in mag netic fields, which is important for applied research on controlled nuclear fusion. A substantial contribution to this theory has been made by these authors. This monograph is the first attempt in the literature to make a systematic presentation of the shock-structure theory.The theory is consistently sub stantiated by relevant experimental results obtained recently with the use of high-power electromagnetic shock tubes. The material contained here is applicable to the solution of a wide variety of problems arising in plasma physics, nuclear fusion and cosmic gasdynamics. I believe that this book will be of help and interest for a broad circle of research workers (physi cists, astrophysicists and engineers concerned with energy accumulation, shock phenomena and other related problems of plasma hydrodynamics) as well as for university staff, post- and undergraduates.
Kinetic Theory of Particles and Photons
Theoretical Foundations of Non-LTE Plasma Spectroscopy
AvJoachim Oxenius
Häftad, Engelska, 2012
1 326 kr
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Many laboratory and astrophysical plasmas show deviations from local ther modynamic equilibrium (LTE). This monograph develops non-LTE plasma spectroscopy as a kinetic theory of particles and photons, considering the radiation field as a photon gas whose distribution function (the radiation in tensity) obeys a kinetic equation (the radiative transfer equation), just as the distribution functions of particles obey kinetic equations. Such a unified ap proach provides clear insight into the physics of non-LTE plasmas. Chapter 1 treats the principle of detailed balance, of central importance for understanding the non-LTE effects in plasmas. Chapters 2, 3 deal with kinetic equations of particles and photons, respectively, followed by a chapter on the fluid description of gases with radiative interactions. Chapter 5 is devoted to the H theorem, and closes the more general first part of the book. The last two chapters deal with more specific topics. After briefly discuss ing optically thin plasmas, Chap. 6 treats non-LTE line transfer by two-level atoms, the line profile coefficients of three-level atoms, and non-Maxwellian electron distribution functions. Chapter 7 discusses topics where momentum exchange between matter and radiation is crucial: the approach to thermal equilibrium through interaction with blackbody radiation, radiative forces, and Compton scattering. A number of appendices have been added to make the book self-contained and to treat more special questions. In particular, Appendix B contains an in troductory discussion of atomic line profile coefficients.
Del 21 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Picosecond Electronics and Optoelectronics
Proceedings of the Topical Meeting Lake Tahoe, Nevada, March 13–15, 1985
AvGerard A. Mourou,David M. Bloomm. fl.
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 766 kr
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Over the past decade, we have witnessed a number of spectacular advances in the fabrication of crystalline semiconductor devices due mainly to the pro gress of the different techni ques of heteroepitaxy. The di scovery of two dimensional behavior of electrons led to the development of a new breed of ultrafast electronic and optical devices, such as modulation doped FETs, permeable base transistors, and double heterojunction transistors. Comparable progress has been made in the domain of cryoelectronics, ultrashort pulse generation, and ultrafast diagnostics. Dye lasers can generate 8 fs signals after compression, diode lasers can be modulated at speeds close to 20 GHz and electrical signals are characterized with subpicosecond accuracy via the electro-optic effect. Presently, we are experiencing an important interplay between the field of optics and electronics; the purpose of this meeting was to foster and enhance the interaction between the two disciplines. It was logical to start the conference by presenting to the two different audiences, i. e. , electronics and optics, the state-of-the-art in the two res pective fields and to highlight the importance of optical techniques in the analysis of physical processes and device performances. One of the leading techniques in this area is the electro-optic sampling technique. This optical technique has been used to characterize transmission lines and GaAs devices. Carrier transport in semiconductors is of fundamental importance and some of its important aspects are stressed in these proceedings.
Del 16 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Electromagnetic Induction Phenomena
AvDavid Schieber
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
557 kr
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From an engineering perspective, Electrodynamics is the province of two cul tures. The most easily identified of the two is primarily concerned with phe nomena in which the propagation of electromagnetic waves is crucial. Includ ed are the designers of microwave circuits, of antennae and of many-wave length communication channels. The interests of the second group focus on dynamical processes associated with the evolution of field sources, whether these be electrons and holes migrating in a semiconductor, or currents diffus ing in a moving metal. Because the second culture is primarily concerned with the interaction be tween electromagnetic fields and media, where the latter are often responsible for the dominant dynamical processes, it addresses applications that are more widely ranging. A few from a very long list would include electrostatic print ing, rotating machines, power transmission apparatus, the electromagnetics of biological systems and physical electronics. Whether by nature or by de sign, the phenomena of interest are generally electro quasi static or magneto quasistatic in this second branch of electrodynamics. It is tempting to say that the two branches of electrodynamics can be distinguished by the frequency range, but electron-beam and microwave-magnetic devices, with their respec tive plasma oscillations and spin waves, are examples where the frequencies can be in the GHz range while the fundamental interactions are quasistatic. By design, so also are those that determine the frequency response of a transistor.
Picosecond Electronics and Optoelectronics II
Proceedings of the Second OSA-IEEE (LEOS) Incline Village, Nevada, January 14–16, 1987
AvFrederick J. Leonberger,Chi Chiangm. fl.
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 106 kr
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Over the past five years, there has been an enormous increase in the inter est in and understanding of electronic and optoelectronic devices operating in the picosecond (multigigahertz) range. This has been fueled in a sig nificant way by the spectacular advances in picosecond laser technology, electro optic sampling, III-V devices, and wideband fiber optic systems. Partly to address these advances, a new conference jointly sponsored by the IEEE Lasers and Electrooptics Society (IEEE (LEOS)) and the Op tical Society of America (OSA) was founded and its first meeting held in March 1985. The purpose of this meeting was to bring together work ers in the areas of electronics and optoelectronics who share a common interest in the physics and technology of picosecond solid-state electronic and optoelectronic devices, their multigigahertz applications, and ultrafast measurement techniques. Emphasis was placed on the interdisciplinary as pects of these areas, since each area is covered by its own topical meeting. This meeting was quite successful and led to a second meeting, of which this volume forms the proceedings.
Photonic Switching
Proceedings of the First Topical Meeting, Incline Village, Nevada, March 18–20, 1987
AvT. Kenneth Gustafson,Peter W. Smith
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 106 kr
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The first topical meeting on Photonic Switching was held March 18-20, 1987 in Incline Village, Nev., USA in conjunction with the second topical meeting on Optical Computing. It was sponsored by the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society and the Optical Society of America with the co operation of the IEEE Communications Society. The attendance at these meetings was well in excess of 500 persons - a measure of the growing worldwide interest in optical techniques for switching and signal process ing. Our goal in organizing the Photonic Switching meeting was to provide a forum for the presentation of original papers on the subjects of devices and architectures suitable for switching, multiplexing or routing of optical signals. The purpose of the meeting was to foster and enhance interaction between two groups that share a common interest in exploring possible applications of photonic switching technology: people working on optical switching devices and components, and people working on future switching systems and networks.
Del 27 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Ultra-Fast Silicon Bipolar Technology
AvLudwig Treitinger,Mitiko Miura-Mattausch
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
557 kr
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Since the first bipolar transistor was investigated in 1947, enormous efforts have been devoted to semiconductor devices. The strong world wide competition in fabricating metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect of develop transistor (MOSFET) memories has accelerated the pace ments in semiconductor technology. Bipolar transistors play a major role due to their high-speed performance. Delay times of about 20 ps per gate have already been achieved. Because of this rapid technologi cal progress, it is difficult to predict the future with any certainty. In 1987 a special session on ultrafast bipolar transistors was held at the European Solid-State Device Research Conference. Its aim was to sum marize the most recent developments and to discuss the future of bip olar transistors. This book is based on that session but also includes contributions by other participants, such that a broad range of up-to is presented. Several conclusions can be drawn from date information this information: the first and most important is the very large poten tial for future progress still existing in this field. This progress is char acterized by the drive towards higher speed and lower power con sumption required for complex single-chip systems, as well as by sev eral concrete technological implementations for fulfilling these dem is that a large part of this potential can be ands. The second conclusion realized by rather unsophisticated techniques and configurations well suited to uncomplicated transfer to fabrication.
Del 28 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Physics of Quantum Electron Devices
AvFederico Capasso
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
557 kr
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The ability to engineer the bandstructure and the wavefunction over length scales previously inaccessible to technology using artificially structured materials and nanolithography has led to a new class of electron semiconductor devices whose operation is controlled by quantum effects. These structures not only represent exciting tools for investigating new quantum phenomena in semiconductors, but also offer exciting opportunities for applications. This book gives the first comprehensive treatment of the physics of quantum electron devices. This interdisciplinary field, at the junction between material science, physics and technology, has witnessed an explosive growth in recent years. This volume presents a detailed coverage of the physics of the underlying phenomena, and their device and circuit applications, together with fabrication and growth technology.
Del 23 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Guided-Wave Acousto-Optics
Interactions, Devices, and Applications
AvChen S. Tsai
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
557 kr
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The field of integrated- or guided-wave optics has experienced significant and continuous growth since its inception in the late 1960s. There has been a considerable increase in research and development activity in this field worldwide and some significant advances in the realization of working in tegrated optic devices and modules have been made in recent years. In fact, there have already been some commercial manufacturing and technical ap plications of such devices and modules. The guided-wave-acoustooptics involving Bragg interactions between guided optical waves and surface acoustic waves is one of the areas of in tegrated-optics that has reached some degree of scientific and technological maturity. This topical volume is devoted to an in-depth treatment of this emerging branch of science and technology. Presented in this volume are concise treatments on bulk-wave acoustooptics, guided-wave optics, and surface acoustic waves, and detailed studies of guided-wave acoustooptic Bragg diffraction in three promising material substrates, namely, LiNb0 , 3 ZnO/Si0 , and GaAs, the resulting wide band modulators and deflectors, 2 and applications. The chapters cover not only the basic principles and the oretical analysis, but also the design, fabrication, and measurement of the resulting devices and modules, and their applications.
Del 30 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Nonlinear Photonics
AvHyatt M. Gibbs,Galina Khitrovam. fl.
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
557 kr
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Nonlinear photonics is the name given to the use of nonlinear optical devices for the generation, communication, processing, or analysis of information. This book is a progress report on research into practical applications of such devices. At present, modulation, switching, routing, decision-making, and detection in photonic systems are all done with electronics and linear optoelectronic devices. However, this may soon change, as nonlinear optical devices, e.g. picosecond samplers and switches, begin to complement optoelectonic devices. The authors succinctly summarize past accomplishments in this field and point to hopes for the future, making this an ideal book for newcomers or seasoned researchers wanting to design and perfect nonlinear optical devices and to identify applications in photonic systems.
Del 29 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Photonic Switching II
Proceedings of the International Topical Meeting, Kobe, Japan, April 12–14, 1990
AvKunio Tada,H. Scott Hinton
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 106 kr
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The 1990 International Topical Meeting on Photonic Switching was held April 12-14, 1990, in Kobe, Japan, in conjunction with the 1990 International Meet ing on Optical Computing. It was sponsored by the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers in cooperation with the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, the Optical Society of America, and the Japan So ciety of Applied Physics. The attendance was in excess of 340 persons, with 18 countries represented - a testimony to the current international interest in photonic switching. This book contains expanded and more detailed versions of most of the papers presented at the topical meeting. With the success of optical fibers there is an increased demand for a switch ing system that can operate directly on the light present in the fibers. The goal is to reduce the total number of optical-to-electrical and electrical-to-optical transformations as far as possible, in addition to exploiting the large spec tral and temporal bandwidth offered by such an optically transparent system.
Single-Electron Tunneling and Mesoscopic Devices
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference SQUID ’91 (Sessions on SET and Mesoscopic Devices), Berlin, Fed. Rep. of Germany, June 18–21, 1991
AvHans Koch,Heinz Lübbig
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 106 kr
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Single-electron tunneling (SET) and related phenomena have recently come to be considered as "hot topics". This also became apparent when we organized the 4th International Conference on Superconducting and Quantum Effect Devices and Their Applications, SQUID'91, which was held June 18-21, 1991, in Berlin, Germany. Impressed by the number of contributions dedicated to the new physics of ultrasmall devices, we deemed it appropriate to devote this volume of the Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics to these specialized proceedings. The other contributions presented at SQUID'91, which are more conventional in character but nevertheless contain excitingly innovative results, are published separately as Volume 64 of the series Springer Proceedings in Physics. At first glance it seems strange that a conference abbreviated SQUID'91 should attract so many papers on non-superconducting devices, and in fact the first SQUID'XX conferences dealt exclusively with the physics and technology of Josephson junctions, SQUIDs and other superconducting devices and their ap plications. However, many concepts developed for superconducting devices, like tunneling, flux quantization, and flux-charge conjugation, appeared to be suitable for ultrasmall non-superconducting structures as well, and many researchers in the field of superconducting devices extended their activities accordingly. Thus the extension of the conference programme evolved quite informally. Meanwhile, the meetings established themselves as well-known conference series tradition ally appreciated by the SQUID community for its balanced mixture of physics and technology, review and preview. SQUID'XX became a kind of a trademark.
Del 33 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Monolithic Diode-Laser Arrays
AvNils W. Carlson
Häftad, Engelska, 2012
557 kr
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Over the last two decades, the search for a compact, high-power semiconductor source has produced many designs and concepts for monolithic diode-laser arrays and optical amplifiers. However, only a few design approaches have emerged with the potential for producing high-power, high-brightness monolithic sources. Although semiconductor-diode lasers are the most compact, highest gain and most efficient laser sources, challenges remain in developing structures that will produce high-quality, diffraction-limited output beams. This book presents and analyzes the results of work performed over the last twenty years in the development of high-brightness diode-laser arrays.
Del 32 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Silicon-Based Millimeter-Wave Devices
AvJohann-Friedrich Luy,Peter Russer
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
557 kr
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Silicon-Based Millimeter-Wave Devices describes field-theoretical methods for the design and analysis of planar waveguide structures and antennas. The principles and limitations of transit-time devices with different injection mechanisms are discussed, as are aspects of fabrication and characterization. The physical properties of silicon Schottky contacts and diodes are treated in a separate chapter. Two chapters cover the silicon/germanium devices: physics and RF properties of the heterobipolar transistor and quantum effect devices such as the resonant tunneling element are described. The integration of devices in monolithic circuits is explained and advanced technologies are presented along with the self-mixing oscillator operation. Finally sensor and system applications are considered.
Del 22 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
High-Speed Electronics
Basic Physical Phenomena and Device Principles Proceedings of the International Conference, Stockholm, Sweden, August 7–9, 1986
AvBengt Källbäck,Heinz Beneking
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 106 kr
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In the past, a number of Satellite Conferences have been held in con nection with the International Conference on Physics of Semiconductors, covering selected fields of interest. In 1986, when the main conference was held in Stockholm, Sweden, new. phenomena had to be discussed: super lattices, hot 'electron phenomena and new device structures for high-speed applications. The aim was to select topics which would be of interest to physicists as well as to electronics engineers. Therefore a Satellite Con ference on H!gh-Speed Electronics, Basic Physical Phenomena and Device Principles, was arranged at Saltjobaden, a coastal resort near Stockholm. An organizing committee was established after the first suggestion made by Professor Grimmeiss from the University of Lund, Sweden, and some preliminary discussions on the Conference format. A Program Committee was established to be responsible for the further selection of the invited talks, the regular papers and poster presentation. The aim was to have a broad spectrum of contributions to attract physicists as well as device oriented engineers and to stimulate discussions among the participants. These Proceedings contain all oral and poster presentations, with em phasis on the invited talks, which give a competent overview of the field. The fast publication by Springer-Verlag has permitted the presentation of an up-to-date survey of the principles of high-speed electronics. Incorpo ration in the Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics will enable the book to be distributed worldwide and to reach all interested scientists.
Noise in Physical Systems
Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Noise, Bad Nauheim, Fed. Rep. of Germany, March 13–16, 1978
AvD. Wolf
Häftad, Engelska, 2012
1 106 kr
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Noise in physical systems - as a consequence of the corpuscular nature of matter - conveys information about microscopic mechanisms determining the macroscopic behavior of the system. Besides being a source of information, noise also represents a source of annoying disturbances which affect information transMission along a physical system. Therefore, noise analysis can promote our insight into the behavior of a physical system, as well as our knowledge of the natural constraints imposed upon physical-information transmission channels and devices. In recent years the continuous scientific and technical interest in noise problems has led to a remarkable progress in the understanding of noise phenomena. This progress is reflected by the rich material presented at the Fifth International Conference on Noise in Physical Systems. The conference papers originally published in these proceedings cover the various aspects of today's noise research in the fields of solid-state devices, l/f-noise, magnetic and superconducting materials, measuring methods, and theory of fluctuations. Each session of the conference was introduced by one or two invited review lectures which are included in these proceedings in full length. The 12 invited papers and more than 40 contributed papers on specific topics (only three of them have been omitted from the proceedings since they will be published elsewhere) provide a comprehensive survey of the current state-of-the-art and recent advances of noise analysis.
Del 1 - Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics
Structural Pattern Recognition
AvT. Pavlidis
Häftad, Engelska, 2014
557 kr
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Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics – serie

Guided-Wave Optoelectronics

Electrophotography and Development Physics

Cavitation and Inhomogeneities in Underwater Acoustics

Parametric Electronics

Insulating Films on Semiconductors

Ion Implantation Techniques

Ion Implantation: Equipment and Techniques

VLSI Technology

Physics of Highly Charged Ions

Relativity and Engineering

Principles of Plasma Electrodynamics

Concert Hall Acoustics

Planar Circuits for Microwaves and Lightwaves

Physics of Shock Waves in Gases and Plasmas

Kinetic Theory of Particles and Photons

Picosecond Electronics and Optoelectronics

Electromagnetic Induction Phenomena

Picosecond Electronics and Optoelectronics II

Photonic Switching

Ultra-Fast Silicon Bipolar Technology

Physics of Quantum Electron Devices

Guided-Wave Acousto-Optics

Nonlinear Photonics

Photonic Switching II

Single-Electron Tunneling and Mesoscopic Devices

Monolithic Diode-Laser Arrays

Silicon-Based Millimeter-Wave Devices

High-Speed Electronics

Noise in Physical Systems

Structural Pattern Recognition

Springer Series in Electronics and Photonics – serie

Guided-Wave Optoelectronics

Electrophotography and Development Physics

Cavitation and Inhomogeneities in Underwater Acoustics

Parametric Electronics

Insulating Films on Semiconductors

Ion Implantation Techniques

Ion Implantation: Equipment and Techniques

VLSI Technology

Physics of Highly Charged Ions

Relativity and Engineering

Principles of Plasma Electrodynamics

Concert Hall Acoustics

Planar Circuits for Microwaves and Lightwaves

Physics of Shock Waves in Gases and Plasmas

Kinetic Theory of Particles and Photons

Picosecond Electronics and Optoelectronics

Electromagnetic Induction Phenomena

Picosecond Electronics and Optoelectronics II

Photonic Switching

Ultra-Fast Silicon Bipolar Technology

Physics of Quantum Electron Devices

Guided-Wave Acousto-Optics

Nonlinear Photonics

Photonic Switching II

Single-Electron Tunneling and Mesoscopic Devices

Monolithic Diode-Laser Arrays

Silicon-Based Millimeter-Wave Devices

High-Speed Electronics

Noise in Physical Systems

Structural Pattern Recognition