SpringerBriefs in Population Studies – serie
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65 produkter
65 produkter
219 kr
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This open access book describes the differences in US census coverage, also referred to as “differential undercount”, by showing which groups have the highest net undercounts and which groups have the greatest undercount differentials, and discusses why such undercounts occur.
Sexuality-Reproduction Nexus and the Three Demographic Transitions
An Integrative Framework
Häftad, Engelska, 2020
537 kr
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This monograph outlines an integrative framework that conceptualizes the role of relations of control in human reproduction and long-term population dynamics.
325 kr
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This open access book provides a step-by-step overview on how to build a microsimulation model with SAS. The book also describes how to adapt the model for other countries or other purposes. It also provides details on how to extend and adapt the model for other purposes as well as other use of microsimulation with SAS.
Changing Migrant Composition of Australia’s Population
Past, Present and Future
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
643 kr
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This book looks at how Australia's migrant population composition is likely to change over coming decades. These projections indicate a massive shift in Australia’s migrant composition from a European to an Asian-dominated population over the coming decades—a change which can be interpreted as a third demographic transition.
334 kr
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This open access book provides an overview and analysis of the causes and consequences of the massive and highly consequential transition in reproductive behaviour that occurred in Asia, Latin America, and Africa since the mid-20th century.
325 kr
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This open access book makes a comparative overview of the demographic evolution of the Mediterranean populations.
Human Migration and Complex Systems Science
Conceptual and Methodological Foundations
Häftad, Engelska, 2024
590 kr
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This book provides a novel perspective on human migration dynamics by examining it through the lenses of complex systems science and philosophy of science.
Women’s Empowerment, Population Dynamics, and Development
Changing Interactions and Policy Responses in Developing Countries, 1950–2022
Häftad, Engelska, 2025
537 kr
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This book assumes that “women’s empowerment” is a social movement aimed at producing political, economic and social change. It traces the changing relationship among three unprecedented trends experienced in the “developing world” since 1950: declining levels of mortality and fertility, socioeconomic development, and women’s empowerment.
537 kr
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This book explores the challenges population decline presents for Europe’s urban and rural areas. It features recent demographic data and trends not only for Europe as a whole, but also for selected countries, and compares growth and shrinkage from a historical as well as a theoretical perspective. In addition, the book critically reviews relevant notions from geography, sociology, and public administration. It also identifies good practices across Europe.Throughout, theories are complemented with concrete examples and proposals are made on how to tackle demographic shrinkage in European cities and villages, from attempts to attract new residents to the countryside to innovative ways to guarantee public services. In the end, the authors conclude that solving the challenges caused by population decline require novel ways of thinking and provide answers to such future-oriented questions as: how to ensure the quality of life in an environment that is inhabited by fewer and older people, what investments are needed, and which actors should be involved.Managing Population Decline in Europe’s Urban and Rural Areas offers detailed coverage of an underestimated and complex governance issue that asks for solutions in which citizens have to play an important role. It concludes that shrinkage requires a rethink of the specific tasks and roles of government and presents a way forward based on initiatives currently underway throughout Europe. The book will be a valuable resource for population policy makers as well as students and researchers interested in human geography, urban planning, rural development, European studies, public administration, and other social sciences.
537 kr
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This book covers several dimensions of the undercount of young children in the U.S. Decennial Census, examines the data from the 2010 U.S. Decennial Census in detail and looks at trends in the undercount of children over time. Other aspects included are the geographic distribution of the net undercount and an exploration for some of the potential explanations for the high net undercount of children. The number of young children in the US is growing, but almost one million young children (under age 5) were missed in the 2010 U.S. Decennial Census. The net undercount of young children has been higher than any other age group for the past several decades and is increasing rapidly, but little attention has been paid to the issue but demographers or the public.
537 kr
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This book shows the effectiveness of multiregional demography for studying the spatial dynamics of migration and population redistribution. It examines important questions in demographic analysis and shows how the techniques of multiregional analysis can lead to answers that sometimes contradict conventional wisdom. The book reconsiders conclusions reached in the literature regarding several fundamental common sense demographic questions in migration and population redistribution, including: Is it mostly migration or “aging-in-place” that has been driving Florida’s elderly population growth? Do the elderly return “home” after retirement more than the non-elderly do? Does longer life lead to longer ill-health? Do simple population projection models outperform complex ones? For each demographic question it reconsiders, the book begins with a simple empirical numerical example and with it illustrates how a uniregional specification can bias findings to favor a particular, and possibly incorrect, conclusion. It then goes on to show how a multiregional analysis can better illuminate the dynamics that underlie the observed population totals and lead to a more informed conclusion. Offering insights into the effectiveness of multiregional demography, this book serves as a valuable resource for students and researchers searching for a better way to answer questions in demographic analysis and population dynamics.
537 kr
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This book tells the story of how a group of far-sighted, academic researchers came to the aid of an overwhelmed local government. It details the history of the Washington State Census Board, which began in 1943 as part of an emergency measure during a massive wartime in-migration. The narrative also shows the demographic legacy of the Board and, ultimately, provides an unforgettable look into the creation and evolution of applied demography.Inside, readers will discover how Washington State struggled to keep up with the unexpected needs for housing, transportation, schools, and public utilities for the hundreds of thousands of migrants who came to work in industries that practically developed overnight with the mobilization for World War II. The author recounts how Professor Calvin F. Schmid, who led the Washington State Census Board, and his team developed methods of population estimation that are still in use today.In the process, the narrative reveals how populationfigures were gathered, compared, and projected at a time when the hand calculator was considered cutting-edge technology. The book also details how methods were refined and improved over time as well as how those involved developed new ways to obtain and, more importantly, utilize the information. With the aid of archived materials, personal interviews, and rich personal accounts, this book will inform and inspire practicing and academic demographers as well as planners, policy-makers, historians, and interested readers.
Urbanisation and Inequalities in a Post-Malthusian Context
Challenges for the Sustainable Development Agenda
Häftad, Engelska, 2015
537 kr
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The book examines contemporary urban challenges andopportunities within the context of the traditional Malthusian theory. The bookreorients the classic Malthusian debate on population and food by focusing onglobal urbanisation and its consequences for peoples’ access to basic means ofsubsistence. Case studies from bothdeveloping and developed countries provide a comprehensive overview of theissues related to availability of food and water in an urban context. The booksuggests that the concern for human survival is still relevant and can beexacerbated by rapid urbanisation, and that the negative impacts of urbanprocesses require an increased attention of the international community as weenter the new Sustainable Development Goals era.
643 kr
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Combining statistical analyses and personal interviews, this book examines the phenomenon of adult children in the United States who have returned to living with their parents in the family home. It uses both data and narrative to fully detail how such co-residency has shaped this ever-increasing demographic group, who are often referred to as "previously launched adults" or " boomerang children." The author first presents quantitative research using data obtained from the National Survey of Families and Households. Readers will discover the various demographic, household, and economic variables that might lead an individual to move back in with his or her family. This statistical analysis is complemented by 50 qualitative interviews that offer a more in-depth look at the trend from the point of view of those who have experienced it. These interviews of both adult children and their parents cover such areas as personal background, the effects of returning to the parental home, and self-esteem issues. In addition, the book offers cross-country comparisons by looking at the prevalence of this phenomenon in China and Greece. It discusses the different cultural contexts in which adult child and parent co-residence is not seen as particularly deviant, as it is in America, as well as identifies some of the demographic and economic factors that would cause those in different countries to continue to live with their parents. This book furthers research into the sociological study of the family. The quantitative analyses describe the large scale trends and their implications, the interviews provide an important personal context, while the cross-country comparisons offer additional perspectives. Overall, readers will gain a complete picture of this unprecedented demographic shift in the United States, including important policy implications and the plight of young adults coming of age in the 21st century.
Economic Lifecycle, Gender and Intergenerational Support
National Transfer Accounts for Italy
Häftad, Engelska, 2017
537 kr
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This book examines economic transfers across generations and genders from a European perspective. It addresses key challenges that contemporary societies face in regards to ageing, welfare sustainability, and intergenerational and gender equity. Coverage also offers important insights into an often invisible side of the economy, namely the contribution of women who because of the gender contract largely engage in unpaid work in the household. The book presents a detailed analysis of resource reallocation across population members in Italy, which encompasses the age and the gender perspective, the public and the private sector, and the market and non-market dimensions of the Italian economy. This innovative and comprehensive case study presents valuable information on how intergenerational obligations are split between the family and the state. The author also explores the possible economic consequences of future ageing by using demographic projections and estimated age profiles of production and consumption. By incorporating services originating from unpaid work in its analysis, this monograph corrects the traditional under-evaluation of the ways homemakers contribute to the economy and offers an important addition to studies on generational economy, the National Transfer Accounts project in particular. The methods presented inside, though using data specific to Italy, are relevant for all European countries and will appeal to readers with an interest in welfare studies and policies.
537 kr
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This book explores the life of economist and social scientist Wilhelm Lexis and the key demographic instrument named after him: the Lexis diagram. It describes this vital tool, which helps demographers visualize data, and examines its various forms through a specially designed example. As a result, readers get to see the Lexis diagram in practice and gain first-hand insight into its different forms.The authors first present a brief description of the life of W. Lexis with information about his childhood, studies, and work. Coverage details the places closely related to him as well as his working positions. It also lists and characterizes his publications.The book then goes on to summarize and describe the chronological development of the Lexis diagram, from initial developments through the specific contributions of W. Lexis to the refinements of those who followed. Throughout, it clearly describes as well as graphically and practically illustrates all the different versions of the diagram covered.Next, readers are presented with contemporary practical applications, including: Statistical Analysis System (SAS), R, and Stata software as well as selected key-studies from demographic, epidemiologic, and migration research.The Lexis diagram is an essential tool for working correctly with demographic data. This book commemorates the man who helped to develop these diagrams and his unquestionable influence on demography. It also provides readers with deep knowledge and insights into this basic, yet important, tool.
716 kr
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This book introduces Japan’s current policy initiatives directed at eldercare and international labor migration, and, wherever appropriate,it adds a comparative perspective from Germany.
Limits to the European Union’s Normative Power in a Post-conflict Society
EULEX and Peacebuilding in Kosovo
Häftad, Engelska, 2018
216 kr
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By shedding light on EULEX - the EU mission to Kosovo – this open access book investigates the EU’s peacebuilding activities in that country, in the light of the normative power theory in the post-conflict setting and peacebuilding theory. Ten years after the massive engagement of the EU in the country torn by war, the authors critically assess the effects of the EU projecting its normative power – the enforcement of its standards, ‘good’ or ‘bad’ – through the EULEX mission, taking into consideration also the local aspects, so far neglected in this field of research. Inspecting thoroughly the EULEX activities in the police, customs and judiciary sector, the authors reveal that the mission can contribute to a positive change, but only in those cases which do not request a heavy political involvement and broad leverage by other international players (for example in improving standards of work in police and customs). When it comes to the most serious cases of organized crime, corruption and war crimes, EULEX, however, has not been able to address them effectively due to several internal mission’s deficiencies and external factors; the perceived ineffectiveness of EULEX among the local population led to the lowering of trust not only in this CSDP mission, but also in the EU in general. This open access book offers a comprehensive assessment of the EULEX mission, based on two Horizon2020 research projects: IECEU - Improving the Effectiveness of Capabilities in EU Conflict Prevention, and KOSNORTH – The European Union and its Normative Power in a Post-conflict Society: A Case Study of Northern Kosovo (Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship). As such it is an invaluable resource for scholars, students and policymakers interested in security questions in South Eastern Europe and EU external action.
537 kr
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Above all, this book focuses on the application of sociodemographic survey questions. Based on theoretical foundations, it addresses the operationalization of variables and presents socio-demographic questionnaire modules for within- and across-country comparative survey research. The book pursues three main objectives: to provide a thorough and comprehensive overview of the survey instruments currently available for the measurement of sociodemographic variables in cross-national comparative research; to offer the reader a set of harmonized international demographic standards; and to show how these standards can be implemented by the various parties involved in international comparative surveys – from the central project coordinators, to the researchers on the national survey teams, to the fieldwork agencies and their interviewers, to respondents, and eventually, to the data processing experts preparing the datasets for comparative analysis. The book offers a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners and students actively involved in producing and analyzing sociodemographic survey data. The typical readers will be social science researchers, qualified consultants and professionals interested in the field of (comparative) survey research. The book can also serve as a useful supplement to introductory textbooks on survey methodology and is suitable for Bachelor and Master students of the social sciences.
643 kr
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This book provides a unique comparative view of the extremely low fertility and drastic population aging in Eastern Asian countries. After discussing demographic and political developments of Japan in detail as a reference case, accelerated changes in Korea, Taiwan and China are interpreted with a comparative cultural view. In addition to the well-known cultural divide between countries with strong and weak family ties, this book proposes another divide between offspring of the feudal family and that of the Confucian family. Included is a discussion of how the discrepancy between the compressed change in the socioeconomic system and the slow change in the family system has resulted in extremely low fertility in Eastern Asia. A comparison of policy development reveals that the sense of overpopulation has caused difficulty in launching pro-natal policy interventions in Eastern Asia, especially in China. Impacts of fertility decline on population aging, total dependency ratio and the timing of population decline in Eastern Asia are analyzed with a stylized model. The remaining Confucian family pattern is especially important in understanding and predicting political development to cope with accelerated population aging. This book is a valuable resource for researchers who are interested in the latest and most surprising demographic phenomena in the region.
643 kr
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Finally, the historical relationships among women’s survival rates at reproductive age, the theoretical fertility rate to maintain the replacement level and the recorded total fertility rate (TFR) were analyzed.
537 kr
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?Analyzing the relation between population factors and technological progress is the main purpose of this book. The increase in technological progress, which is measured as total factor productivity (TFP), is realized both by improvements in productivity in the short term and by economic developments in the long term.
Childbearing and Careers of Japanese Women Born in the 1960s
A Life Course That Brought Unintended Low Fertility
Häftad, Engelska, 2015
537 kr
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This book provides the keys to understanding the trajectory that Japanese society has followed toward its lowest-low fertility since the 1980s. The characteristics of the life course of women born in the 1960s, who were the first cohort to enter that trajectory, are explored by using both qualitative and quantitative data analyses. Among the many books explaining the decline in fertility, this book is unique in four ways. First, it describes in detail the reality of factors concerning the fertility decline in Japan. Second, the book uses both qualitative and quantitative methods to introduce the whole picture of how the low-fertility trend began in the 1980s and developed in the 1990s and thereafter. Third, the focus is on a specific birth cohort because their experiences determined the current patterns of family formation such as late marriage and postponed childbirth. Fourth, the book explores the knife-edge balance between work and family conditions, especially with regard to childbearing, in the context of Japanese management and gender norms. After examining the characteristics of demographic and socioeconomic circumstances of postwar Japan in detail, it can be seen that the change in family formation first occurred drastically in the 1960s cohort. Using both qualitative interview data cumulatively from 150 people and quantitative estimates with official statistics, this book shows how individual-level choices to balance work and family obligations resulted in a national-level fertility decline. Another focus of this book is the increasing unintended infertility due to postponed pregnancy, a phenomenon that is attracting great social attention because the average age of pregnancy is approaching the biological limit. This book is a valuable resource for researchers who are interested in the rapid fertility decline as well as the work–life balance and the life course of women in Japanese employment practice and family traditions.
Fertility Decline and Background Independence
Applying a Reaction-Diffusion System as a Stochastic Process
Häftad, Engelska, 2015
537 kr
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In this book the author maintains that fertility declines independently of its “background”. Normally, fertility decline is thought to occur as a result of alteration in the socioeconomic background such as the decline of the infant mortality rate, urbanization, the level of literacy, and so on. This point of view has been regarded as equivalent to “demographic transition”. However, the concept of demographic transition is so superficial, naïve and unscientific that it should be applied merely to the ostensible demographic phenomena, not to the mechanisms of fertility decline. The author regards this way of thinking, i.e., that the occurrence of fertility decline is dependent on socioeconomic background, as the “background dependence” of fertility decline. On the contrary, there is considerable counterevidence to the background dependence of fertility decline. The argument is made that background dependence lacks positive evidence and predictability and consequently, is falsifiable. That decisive counterevidence is introduced in this book. The author revives the diffusion hypothesis of fertility decline at the point of the number of children per couple as the reaction–diffusion process in a mathematical equation. Fertility decline in Europe in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries occurred as a reaction–diffusion process independent of socioeconomic background. In Japan as well, fertility (the number of children per couple) declined independently of background. This book provides ample evidences persuasively demonstrating this independence of fertility in Japan. The occurrence of marriage is also independent of socioeconomic background. Thus the author formalizes the marriage function as an integral equation of marriage probability, as a result, it demonstrates a better fit with the observed data than does any other marriage function. Occurrence of marriage is almost solely dependent on the density of marriages that occur in a givensubspace.
Convergence to Very Low Fertility in East Asia: Processes, Causes, and Implications
Häftad, Engelska, 2019
696 kr
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After a rapid decline shortly after the war, in which fertility was halved in one decade from 4.5 children per woman in 1947 to 2.1 in 1957, Japan's fertility started to decline to below-replacement levels in the mid-1970s, reaching 1.3 per woman in the early 2000s.
900 kr
Kommande
This book describes the development of studies of the family system in Japan and the West, introducing the evolution of the key concept of kin availability. It points out that the concept was first formulated by the Japanese sociologist Teizo Toda in the 1930s to analyze the unexpectedly low frequency of three-generation family households in Japan in the 1920s. The book provides an analytic model proposed by the author in the 1980s, which explains the halt in the decrease in the prevalence of married children residing with their parents in the 1970s and 1980s in Japan. The author maintains that this change was caused not by the breakdown of the nuclearization of the family system, but by a decrease in the availability of parents with whom to co-reside. This model provides a sophisticated measurement of living- arrangement behavior, showing that fewer people in Japan are choosing to co-reside. It can also be applied to regions where there is demographic transition and the stem-family system is maintained to varying degrees. The book shows that a controversy similar to that surrounding the Japanese family was occurring in the West in the 1980s in the context of the then recently discovered scarcity of extended families in seventeenth and eighteenth- century England. It shows that the quantitative historian Steven Ruggles came close to successfully resolving this question using a model based on the concept of kin availability.The book demonstrates that these endeavors in the 1980s yielded a new discipline of family demography both in Japan and the West and that one of the key concepts articulated by the author has taken on practical as well as theoretical significance with regard to the provision of care for the elderly in residing with the generation of children born after the1970s.
Fertility Control in a Risk Society
Analysing Contraception Choice of Urban Elites in India
Häftad, Engelska, 2016
553 kr
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This book analyses the reasons for relying on behavioural contraception methods among urban ‘elites’ in India and examines their efficacy in controlling fertility. It also traces variations in contraception choice over the reproductive cycle of women. Although researchers and policy makers generally equate reliance on behavioural contraceptive methods with low levels of education and awareness and lack of desire to control fertility, this perception has been questioned in recent years. The authors’ analysis of the first three rounds of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) data in India reveals that behavioural contraceptive methods are popular in eastern India. Moreover, it is urban educated women who rely on behavioural methods, and are apparently able to regulate fertility quite effectively with such methods. NFHS data, however, has some limitations and this motivates the authors to explore birth control methods through primary surveys of currently married graduate women in Kolkata.The use of behavioural contraception methods is a little researched area globally and this is the first book focusing on the topic in India.
CEMAF as a Census Method
A Proposal for a Re-Designed Census and An Independent U.S. Census Bureau
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
493 kr
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CEMAF as a Census Method explores a re-vamped, non-traditional US census, built on a combination of four elements: administrative records; the continuously updated Master Address File; survey data; and modeling and imputation techniques.
Estimating Characteristics of the Foreign-Born by Legal Status
An Evaluation of Data and Methods
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
537 kr
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This brief represents a comprehensive review of methods for estimating characteristics of the foreign-born population in the United States, specifically oriented toward characteristics by legal status. A variety of methods have been proffered over the past many decades, in a large variety of venues; this work brings them together, attempts to impart some order on the definition of “legal status,” and describes strengths and deficiencies both in methods and in data. The authors have a combined 50 years of experience in both demographic and statistical methodology.
536 kr
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While much has been written about Canada’s modern settlement program and there is a growing body of research and analysis of the settlement and integration successes and challenges of recent years, there is virtually no literature that has addressed the history of settlement services since the beginning of immigration to Canada. Some survey histories of Canadian Immigration have touched on elements of settlement policy but no history of services to immigrants in Canada has been published heretofore. Responding to Immigrants’ Settlement Needs: The Canadian Experience addresses this gap in the historiography of Canadian Immigration. From the tentative steps taken by the pre-Confederation colonies to provide for the needs of arriving immigrants, often sick and destitute, through the provision of accommodation and free land to settlers of a century ago, to today’s multi-faceted settlement program, this book traces a fascinating history that provides an important context to today’s policies and practices. It also serves to remind us that those who preceded us did, indeed, care for immigrants and did much to make them feel welcome in Canada. The Canadian experience in integration, over the past two centuries, suggests many policy-related research themes for further exploration both in Canada and in other immigrant receiving countries.