Fionnuala Ní Aoláin holds the Robina Chair in Law, Public Policy and Society at the University of Minnesota Law School and is concurrently Professor of Law & Associate Director at Ulster University's Transitional Justice Institute (Belfast). Her book Law in Times of Crisis with Oren Gross (CUP 2006) was awarded ASIL's Certificate of Merit for creative scholarship (2007). She is co-author of On the Frontlines: Gender, War and the Post Conflict Process with Naomi Chan and Dina Haynes (OUP 2011). Ní Aoláin was appointed by the UN Secretary-General as Special Expert on promoting gender equality in times of conflict and peace-making (2003). She has served as Expert to the ICC Trust Fund for Victims (2015), and Consultant to UN Women and OHCHR on a Study on Reparations for Conflict Related Sexual Violence (2013). She was nominated twice by the Irish Government as Judge to the European Court of Human Rights (2004 & 2007).Naomi Cahn is the Harold H. Greene Professor at George Washington University Law School. Her research and writing focus on gender issues in both domestic and international law. She first co-taught a "Women and International Law" course in 1992, at Georgetown University Law Center. With Fionnuala Ní Aoláin and Dina Francesca Haynes, she is the co-author of On the Frontlines (OUP 2011). She has written or co-written numerous other books and articles, including Marriage Markets: How Inequality is Remaking the American Family (OUP 2014)(with Professor June Carbone).Dina Francesca Haynes is Professor of Law at New England Law, Boston, where she teaches courses related to migration, refugees and human rights, as well as human trafficking and constitutional law. She has published numerous books, chapters and articles, including Deconstructing the Reconstruction: Human Rights and the Rule of Law in Postwar BiH (Ashgate 2008), and On the Frontlines (OUP 2011) with Fionnuala Ní Aoláin and Naomi Cahn. Prior to teaching law she served as Protection Officer with the UN High Commissioner of Refugees, Human Rights Officer with the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, and Director General of the Human Rights Department of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe.Nahla Valji is the Senior Gender Adviser in the Executive Office of the UN Secretary General. She was formerly the Deputy Chief, Peace and Security in UN Women's headquarters in New York, where she led at different points the organization's work on peacekeeping, peace negotiations, countering violent extremism, transitional justice, and rule of law, involving both global programming and policy work, particularly with regards to the Security Council. During this time, she headed the Secretariat for the Global Study on implementation of resolution 1325, a comprehensive study requested by the Security Council for the 15-year review of women, peace and security. Following the completion of the Global Study review, she headed the secretariats of the resulting Security Council mechanism the Informal Expert Group on Women, Peace and Security (established by resolution 2242).

• AcknowledgmentsEditors and Contributors Biographies Forewords Introduction I. Background and Context 1. Theories of War Laura Sjoberg 2. From Women and War to Gender and Conflict? Feminist Trajectories Dubravka Zarkov 3. The Silences in the Rules that Regulate Women during Times of Armed ConflictJudith Gardam 4. How Should we Explain the Recurrence of Violent Conflict, and What Might Gender Have to do with it?Judy El-Bushra 5. The Gendered Nexus Between Conflict and Citizenship in Historical PerspectiveJo Butterfield and Elizabeth Heineman 6. Violent Conflict and Changes in Gender Economic Roles: Implications for Post-Conflict Economic RecoveryPatricia Justino 7. Men As VictimsChris Dolan II. The Security Council's WPS Agenda/Contemporary Survey 8. Women, Peace and Security: A Critical Analysis of the Security Council's VisionDianne Otto 9. Participation and Protection: Security Council Dynamics, Bureaucratic Politics and the Evolution of the Women, Peace and Security AgendaAnne Marie Goetz and Rob Jenkins 10. A Critical Genealogy of the Centrality of Sexual Violence to Gender and ConflictKaren Engle 11. 1325 +15 = Reflections on the Women, Peace and Security AgendaKimberly Theidon 12. Complemenentarity and Convergence? Women, Peace and Security and the Counterterrorism AgendaNaureen Chowdhury Fink and Alison Davidian 13. Convergence Between CEDAW and Security Council Resolution 1325: Unlocking the Potential of CEDAW as an Important Accountability Tool for the Women, Peace and Security AgendaPramilla Patten 14. Indicators and Benchmarks Pablo Castillo-Diaz and Hanny Cueva-Beteta III. Legal and Political Elements 15. Humanitarian Intervention and Gender DynamicsGina Heathcote 16. (Re)Considering the Gender Jurisprudence of ConflictPatricia Viseur Sellers 17. Complementarity as a Catalyst for Gender Justice in National ProsecutionsAmrita Kapur 18. Forced Marriage During Conflict and Mass AtrocityValerie Oosterveld 19. Advancing Justice and Making Amends through Reparations - Legal and Operational ConsiderationsKristin Kalla 20. ColonialismAmina Mama 21. Conflict, Displacement and Refugees Lucy Hovil 22. Gender and Forms of Conflict; The Moral Hazards of Dating the Security CouncilVasuki Nesiah IV. Conflict and Post-Conflict Space 23. The Martial Rape of Girls and Women in Antiquity and ModernityKathy L. Gaca 24. "Mind the Gap:" Measuring and Understanding Gendered Conflict ExperiencesAmelia Hoover Green 25. Intersectionality: Working in ConflictEilish Rooney 26. Agency and Gender Norms in War EconomiesPatti Petesch 27. Risk and Resilience: The Physical and Mental Health of Female Civilians During WarLauren C. Ng and Theresa S. Betancourt 28. The Gender Implications of Small Arms and Light Weapons in Conflict SituationsBarbara Frey 29. Unmanned Weapons: Looking for the Gender DimensionChristof Heyns and Tess Borden 30. Gender and PeacekeepingSabrina Karim and Marsha Henry 31. Peacekeeping, Human Trafficking, and Sexual Abuse and ExploitationMartina Vandenberg 32. Women, Peace Negotiations and Peace Agreements: Opportunities and ChallengesChristine Bell 33. Women's Organizations and Peace InitiativesAili Mari Tripp 34. Gender and Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration: Reviewing and Advancing the FieldDyan Mazurana, Roxanne Krystalli and Anton Baaré 35. Decolonial feminism, gender and transitional justicePascha Bueno-Hansen 36. Gender and Governance in post-conflict and democratizing settingsLisa Kindervater and Sheila Meintjes V. Case Studies 37. Who Defines the Red Lines? The Prospects for Safeguarding Women's Rights and Securing their Future in Post-Transition AfghanistanSari Kouvo and Corey Levine 38. "That's Not my Daughter": The Paradoxes of Documenting Jihadist Mass Rape in 1990's Algeria and BeyondKarima Bennoune 39. Consequences of Conflict Related Sexual Violence on Post-Conflict Society: Case Study of Bosnia and HerzegovinaLejla Hadzimesic 40. Colombia: Gender and Land RestitutionDonny Meertens 41. Knowing Gender and/in Armed Conflict?: Reflections from Research in the DRCMaria Eriksson Baaz and Maria Stern 42. Northern Ireland: The Significance of A Bottom Up Women's Movement in a Politically Contested SocietyMonica McWilliams and Avila Kilmurray 43. Gendered Suffering and the Eviction of the Native: The Politics of Birth in Occupied East JerusalemNadera Shalhoub-Kevorkian 44. Rwanda: Women's Political Participation in Post-Conflict State-BuildingDoris Buss and Jerusa Ali 45. Sri Lanka: The Impact of Militarization on WomenAmbika Satkunanathan

Fionnuala Ní Aoláin holds the Robina Chair in Law, Public Policy and Society at the University of Minnesota Law School and is concurrently Professor of Law & Associate Director at Ulster University's Transitional Justice Institute (Belfast). Her book Law in Times of Crisis with Oren Gross (CUP 2006) was awarded ASIL's Certificate of Merit for creative scholarship (2007). She is co-author of On the Frontlines: Gender, War and the Post Conflict Process with Naomi Chan and Dina Haynes (OUP 2011). Ní Aoláin was appointed by the UN Secretary-General as Special Expert on promoting gender equality in times of conflict and peace-making (2003). She has served as Expert to the ICC Trust Fund for Victims (2015), and Consultant to UN Women and OHCHR on a Study on Reparations for Conflict Related Sexual Violence (2013). She was nominated twice by the Irish Government as Judge to the European Court of Human Rights (2004 & 2007).Naomi Cahn is the Harold H. Greene Professor at George Washington University Law School. Her research and writing focus on gender issues in both domestic and international law. She first co-taught a "Women and International Law" course in 1992, at Georgetown University Law Center. With Fionnuala Ní Aoláin and Dina Francesca Haynes, she is the co-author of On the Frontlines (OUP 2011). She has written or co-written numerous other books and articles, including Marriage Markets: How Inequality is Remaking the American Family (OUP 2014)(with Professor June Carbone).Dina Francesca Haynes is Professor of Law at New England Law, Boston, where she teaches courses related to migration, refugees and human rights, as well as human trafficking and constitutional law. She has published numerous books, chapters and articles, including Deconstructing the Reconstruction: Human Rights and the Rule of Law in Postwar BiH (Ashgate 2008), and On the Frontlines (OUP 2011) with Fionnuala Ní Aoláin and Naomi Cahn. Prior to teaching law she served as Protection Officer with the UN High Commissioner of Refugees, Human Rights Officer with the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, and Director General of the Human Rights Department of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe.Nahla Valji is the Senior Gender Adviser in the Executive Office of the UN Secretary General. She was formerly the Deputy Chief, Peace and Security in UN Women's headquarters in New York, where she led at different points the organization's work on peacekeeping, peace negotiations, countering violent extremism, transitional justice, and rule of law, involving both global programming and policy work, particularly with regards to the Security Council. During this time, she headed the Secretariat for the Global Study on implementation of resolution 1325, a comprehensive study requested by the Security Council for the 15-year review of women, peace and security. Following the completion of the Global Study review, she headed the secretariats of the resulting Security Council mechanism the Informal Expert Group on Women, Peace and Security (established by resolution 2242).

• AcknowledgmentsEditors and Contributors Biographies Forewords Introduction I. Background and Context 1. Theories of War Laura Sjoberg 2. From Women and War to Gender and Conflict? Feminist Trajectories Dubravka Zarkov 3. The Silences in the Rules that Regulate Women during Times of Armed ConflictJudith Gardam 4. How Should we Explain the Recurrence of Violent Conflict, and What Might Gender Have to do with it?Judy El-Bushra 5. The Gendered Nexus Between Conflict and Citizenship in Historical PerspectiveJo Butterfield and Elizabeth Heineman 6. Violent Conflict and Changes in Gender Economic Roles: Implications for Post-Conflict Economic RecoveryPatricia Justino 7. Men As VictimsChris Dolan II. The Security Council's WPS Agenda/Contemporary Survey 8. Women, Peace and Security: A Critical Analysis of the Security Council's VisionDianne Otto 9. Participation and Protection: Security Council Dynamics, Bureaucratic Politics and the Evolution of the Women, Peace and Security AgendaAnne Marie Goetz and Rob Jenkins 10. A Critical Genealogy of the Centrality of Sexual Violence to Gender and ConflictKaren Engle 11. 1325 +15 = Reflections on the Women, Peace and Security AgendaKimberly Theidon 12. Complemenentarity and Convergence? Women, Peace and Security and the Counterterrorism AgendaNaureen Chowdhury Fink and Alison Davidian 13. Convergence Between CEDAW and Security Council Resolution 1325: Unlocking the Potential of CEDAW as an Important Accountability Tool for the Women, Peace and Security AgendaPramilla Patten 14. Indicators and Benchmarks Pablo Castillo-Diaz and Hanny Cueva-Beteta III. Legal and Political Elements 15. Humanitarian Intervention and Gender DynamicsGina Heathcote 16. (Re)Considering the Gender Jurisprudence of ConflictPatricia Viseur Sellers 17. Complementarity as a Catalyst for Gender Justice in National ProsecutionsAmrita Kapur 18. Forced Marriage During Conflict and Mass AtrocityValerie Oosterveld 19. Advancing Justice and Making Amends through Reparations - Legal and Operational ConsiderationsKristin Kalla 20. ColonialismAmina Mama 21. Conflict, Displacement and Refugees Lucy Hovil 22. Gender and Forms of Conflict; The Moral Hazards of Dating the Security CouncilVasuki Nesiah IV. Conflict and Post-Conflict Space 23. The Martial Rape of Girls and Women in Antiquity and ModernityKathy L. Gaca 24. "Mind the Gap:" Measuring and Understanding Gendered Conflict ExperiencesAmelia Hoover Green 25. Intersectionality: Working in ConflictEilish Rooney 26. Agency and Gender Norms in War EconomiesPatti Petesch 27. Risk and Resilience: The Physical and Mental Health of Female Civilians During WarLauren C. Ng and Theresa S. Betancourt 28. The Gender Implications of Small Arms and Light Weapons in Conflict SituationsBarbara Frey 29. Unmanned Weapons: Looking for the Gender DimensionChristof Heyns and Tess Borden 30. Gender and PeacekeepingSabrina Karim and Marsha Henry 31. Peacekeeping, Human Trafficking, and Sexual Abuse and ExploitationMartina Vandenberg 32. Women, Peace Negotiations and Peace Agreements: Opportunities and ChallengesChristine Bell 33. Women's Organizations and Peace InitiativesAili Mari Tripp 34. Gender and Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration: Reviewing and Advancing the FieldDyan Mazurana, Roxanne Krystalli and Anton Baaré 35. Decolonial feminism, gender and transitional justicePascha Bueno-Hansen 36. Gender and Governance in post-conflict and democratizing settingsLisa Kindervater and Sheila Meintjes V. Case Studies 37. Who Defines the Red Lines? The Prospects for Safeguarding Women's Rights and Securing their Future in Post-Transition AfghanistanSari Kouvo and Corey Levine 38. "That's Not my Daughter": The Paradoxes of Documenting Jihadist Mass Rape in 1990's Algeria and BeyondKarima Bennoune 39. Consequences of Conflict Related Sexual Violence on Post-Conflict Society: Case Study of Bosnia and HerzegovinaLejla Hadzimesic 40. Colombia: Gender and Land RestitutionDonny Meertens 41. Knowing Gender and/in Armed Conflict?: Reflections from Research in the DRCMaria Eriksson Baaz and Maria Stern 42. Northern Ireland: The Significance of A Bottom Up Women's Movement in a Politically Contested SocietyMonica McWilliams and Avila Kilmurray 43. Gendered Suffering and the Eviction of the Native: The Politics of Birth in Occupied East JerusalemNadera Shalhoub-Kevorkian 44. Rwanda: Women's Political Participation in Post-Conflict State-BuildingDoris Buss and Jerusa Ali 45. Sri Lanka: The Impact of Militarization on WomenAmbika Satkunanathan

Fionnuala Ní Aoláin holds the Robina Chair in Law, Public Policy and Society at the University of Minnesota Law School and is concurrently Professor of Law & Associate Director at Ulster University's Transitional Justice Institute (Belfast). Her book Law in Times of Crisis with Oren Gross (CUP 2006) was awarded ASIL's Certificate of Merit for creative scholarship (2007). She is co-author of On the Frontlines: Gender, War and the Post Conflict Process with Naomi Chan and Dina Haynes (OUP 2011). Ní Aoláin was appointed by the UN Secretary-General as Special Expert on promoting gender equality in times of conflict and peace-making (2003). She has served as Expert to the ICC Trust Fund for Victims (2015), and Consultant to UN Women and OHCHR on a Study on Reparations for Conflict Related Sexual Violence (2013). She was nominated twice by the Irish Government as Judge to the European Court of Human Rights (2004 & 2007).Naomi Cahn is the Harold H. Greene Professor at George Washington University Law School. Her research and writing focus on gender issues in both domestic and international law. She first co-taught a "Women and International Law" course in 1992, at Georgetown University Law Center. With Fionnuala Ní Aoláin and Dina Francesca Haynes, she is the co-author of On the Frontlines (OUP 2011). She has written or co-written numerous other books and articles, including Marriage Markets: How Inequality is Remaking the American Family (OUP 2014)(with Professor June Carbone).Dina Francesca Haynes is Professor of Law at New England Law, Boston, where she teaches courses related to migration, refugees and human rights, as well as human trafficking and constitutional law. She has published numerous books, chapters and articles, including Deconstructing the Reconstruction: Human Rights and the Rule of Law in Postwar BiH (Ashgate 2008), and On the Frontlines (OUP 2011) with Fionnuala Ní Aoláin and Naomi Cahn. Prior to teaching law she served as Protection Officer with the UN High Commissioner of Refugees, Human Rights Officer with the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, and Director General of the Human Rights Department of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe.Nahla Valji is the Senior Gender Adviser in the Executive Office of the UN Secretary General. She was formerly the Deputy Chief, Peace and Security in UN Women's headquarters in New York, where she led at different points the organization's work on peacekeeping, peace negotiations, countering violent extremism, transitional justice, and rule of law, involving both global programming and policy work, particularly with regards to the Security Council. During this time, she headed the Secretariat for the Global Study on implementation of resolution 1325, a comprehensive study requested by the Security Council for the 15-year review of women, peace and security. Following the completion of the Global Study review, she headed the secretariats of the resulting Security Council mechanism the Informal Expert Group on Women, Peace and Security (established by resolution 2242).

• AcknowledgmentsEditors and Contributors Biographies Forewords Introduction I. Background and Context 1. Theories of War Laura Sjoberg 2. From Women and War to Gender and Conflict? Feminist Trajectories Dubravka Zarkov 3. The Silences in the Rules that Regulate Women during Times of Armed ConflictJudith Gardam 4. How Should we Explain the Recurrence of Violent Conflict, and What Might Gender Have to do with it?Judy El-Bushra 5. The Gendered Nexus Between Conflict and Citizenship in Historical PerspectiveJo Butterfield and Elizabeth Heineman 6. Violent Conflict and Changes in Gender Economic Roles: Implications for Post-Conflict Economic RecoveryPatricia Justino 7. Men As VictimsChris Dolan II. The Security Council's WPS Agenda/Contemporary Survey 8. Women, Peace and Security: A Critical Analysis of the Security Council's VisionDianne Otto 9. Participation and Protection: Security Council Dynamics, Bureaucratic Politics and the Evolution of the Women, Peace and Security AgendaAnne Marie Goetz and Rob Jenkins 10. A Critical Genealogy of the Centrality of Sexual Violence to Gender and ConflictKaren Engle 11. 1325 +15 = Reflections on the Women, Peace and Security AgendaKimberly Theidon 12. Complemenentarity and Convergence? Women, Peace and Security and the Counterterrorism AgendaNaureen Chowdhury Fink and Alison Davidian 13. Convergence Between CEDAW and Security Council Resolution 1325: Unlocking the Potential of CEDAW as an Important Accountability Tool for the Women, Peace and Security AgendaPramilla Patten 14. Indicators and Benchmarks Pablo Castillo-Diaz and Hanny Cueva-Beteta III. Legal and Political Elements 15. Humanitarian Intervention and Gender DynamicsGina Heathcote 16. (Re)Considering the Gender Jurisprudence of ConflictPatricia Viseur Sellers 17. Complementarity as a Catalyst for Gender Justice in National ProsecutionsAmrita Kapur 18. Forced Marriage During Conflict and Mass AtrocityValerie Oosterveld 19. Advancing Justice and Making Amends through Reparations - Legal and Operational ConsiderationsKristin Kalla 20. ColonialismAmina Mama 21. Conflict, Displacement and Refugees Lucy Hovil 22. Gender and Forms of Conflict; The Moral Hazards of Dating the Security CouncilVasuki Nesiah IV. Conflict and Post-Conflict Space 23. The Martial Rape of Girls and Women in Antiquity and ModernityKathy L. Gaca 24. "Mind the Gap:" Measuring and Understanding Gendered Conflict ExperiencesAmelia Hoover Green 25. Intersectionality: Working in ConflictEilish Rooney 26. Agency and Gender Norms in War EconomiesPatti Petesch 27. Risk and Resilience: The Physical and Mental Health of Female Civilians During WarLauren C. Ng and Theresa S. Betancourt 28. The Gender Implications of Small Arms and Light Weapons in Conflict SituationsBarbara Frey 29. Unmanned Weapons: Looking for the Gender DimensionChristof Heyns and Tess Borden 30. Gender and PeacekeepingSabrina Karim and Marsha Henry 31. Peacekeeping, Human Trafficking, and Sexual Abuse and ExploitationMartina Vandenberg 32. Women, Peace Negotiations and Peace Agreements: Opportunities and ChallengesChristine Bell 33. Women's Organizations and Peace InitiativesAili Mari Tripp 34. Gender and Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration: Reviewing and Advancing the FieldDyan Mazurana, Roxanne Krystalli and Anton Baaré 35. Decolonial feminism, gender and transitional justicePascha Bueno-Hansen 36. Gender and Governance in post-conflict and democratizing settingsLisa Kindervater and Sheila Meintjes V. Case Studies 37. Who Defines the Red Lines? The Prospects for Safeguarding Women's Rights and Securing their Future in Post-Transition AfghanistanSari Kouvo and Corey Levine 38. "That's Not my Daughter": The Paradoxes of Documenting Jihadist Mass Rape in 1990's Algeria and BeyondKarima Bennoune 39. Consequences of Conflict Related Sexual Violence on Post-Conflict Society: Case Study of Bosnia and HerzegovinaLejla Hadzimesic 40. Colombia: Gender and Land RestitutionDonny Meertens 41. Knowing Gender and/in Armed Conflict?: Reflections from Research in the DRCMaria Eriksson Baaz and Maria Stern 42. Northern Ireland: The Significance of A Bottom Up Women's Movement in a Politically Contested SocietyMonica McWilliams and Avila Kilmurray 43. Gendered Suffering and the Eviction of the Native: The Politics of Birth in Occupied East JerusalemNadera Shalhoub-Kevorkian 44. Rwanda: Women's Political Participation in Post-Conflict State-BuildingDoris Buss and Jerusa Ali 45. Sri Lanka: The Impact of Militarization on WomenAmbika Satkunanathan