Strange Enemies

Aparecida VilaÇa is Associate Professor of Social Anthropology in the Graduate Program in Social Anthropology of the Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro. She is a co-editor of Native Christians: Modes and Effects of Christianity in the Americas.

“Thanks to the excellent anthropological work of Aparecida VilaÇa and colleagues studying Amazonia and Melanesia, it becomes increasingly apparent that the incorporation of otherness-in practices ranging from marriage and shamanism to warfare and cannibalism-is an essential condition of human being. It follows that the relationship between societies is an essential condition of their respective cultural orders as well as their historical development. Now VilaÇa has produced a landmark ethnography of these processes, with an unparalleled documentation from the inside of the assimilation of the outside, highlighted by a stunning analysis of the cultural reciprocities of the colonial encounter.”-Marshall Sahlins, author of The Western Illusion of Human Nature This work has profound and far-reaching implications for anthropologists and historians who examine the frontiers of colonialism and globalization. . . . This is contemporary ethnography at its best, skillfully weaving together nuanced theoretical arguments, rich prose and storytelling, and insights that can only be gained by immersion in local settings. . . . VilaÇa’s remarkable depiction of the coherence and resilience of native Amazonian peoples even in the face of catastrophic change is a must read for anyone interested in colonialism, globalization, and the place of indigenous peoples in the modern world.” - Michael Heckenberger (American Historical Review) “This intimate portrait of a remarkable people who insist on encountering modernity on their own terms challenges us to think beyond outmoded notions about acculturation and loss of tradition. Deftly weaving the insights of Amazonian perspectivism with history, myth, and personal experience, Aparecida VilaÇa shows how Wari’ choices to live with whites and adopt many of their ways are part of the logic of being indigenous. Empowerment derives from seeing the world through the eyes of others. Strange Enemies invites us to see the world through Wari’ eyes. The view is fascinating.”-Beth A. Conklin, author of Consuming Grief: Compassionate Cannibalism in an Amazonian Society “Strange Enemies is the best ethnography ever written about a first contact history and thus probably the single most anthropologically satisfying publication of any kind for thinking about this subject.” - Rupert Stasch (American Anthropologist) “Among the many works on first contact between Indians and non-Indians, Strange Enemies stands out for its illuminating focus on indigenous perspectives and its sophisticated analysis of how the Wari’ conceived of historical change.” - Christine Mathias (Ethnohistory) “[B]road scope makes Strange Enemies a book that should be read even by anthropologists who have little familiarity with Amazonia. It is a compelling example of the vital work that has been emerging from Amazonian anthropologists for the past decade. Like the best of that work, it offers us glimpses into worldviews and practices that are nothing if not mesmerizingly ‘far out.’ And it uses those worldviews and practices to develop insights and conclusions that are unexpected and exhilarating.” - Don Kulick (American Ethnologist) “Aparecida VilaÇa’s book, first published in Portuguese in 2006, is an excellent contribution to the anthropology of Amazonia and Melanesia. . . . VilaÇa’s book is recommended as important reading to anthropologists, students, and the general reader interested in understanding’ the Other’ in our modern world.” (Colonial Latin American Historical Review) “The book is a well-written, highly readable, profound and original ethnographic and analytic contribution to Amazonian ethnology and ‘first encounter’ literature, such that any divergence in interpretation will also need an extended argument: it should be read by everyone interested in the subject.”- Edwin Reesink (European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies)

• List of Illustrations xiAcknowledgments xiiiOrthography xviiIntroduction 1Part I. Other Becoming 1. The Foreigner 252. The Enemy 703. The White Enemy 110Part II. In Myth 4. The White Enemy 1355. The Foreigner, the Dead 1466. The Enemy 1647. The Brother-in-Law 175Part III. We Want People for Ourselves: PÁcification 8. The Motives of the Whites 1979. The Widening River: Contact with the OroNao of the Whites 21010. "The Enemy Says He's OroNao": Contact with the OroWaram, OroWaramXijien, and OroMon 22911. The Great Expedition: Contact with the OroNao', OroEo, and OroAt on the Negro and Ocaia Rivers 255Conclusion 301Notes 321Bibliography 341Index 357