Daniel B. Kay is Assistant Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at Brigham Young University, USA. He is a certified sleep psychologist, with over twenty years of experience in sleep research. Kay is known for his foundational contributions to the psychology of sleep and advancing understanding of the neurophysiology of insomnia. Joseph M. Dzierzewski is Senior Vice President of Research & Scientific Affairs at the National Sleep Foundation, where he leads the science platform and development of the organization's sleep health guidelines. Dzierzewski has authored hundreds of publications on sleep and is involved in sleep health advocacy efforts across the United States. M. Safwan Badr is Professor and Chair, Department of Internal Medicine and the Liborio Tranchida, MD, Endowed Professor of Medicine at Wayne State University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, USA. Dr. Badr is an internationally recognised sleep disorders researcher, focusing on the pathogenesis, epidemiology, and management of sleep-disordered breathing.

• Preface; Acknowledgements; Part I. Introduction: 1. Introduction to the philosophy of sleep science; Part II. Mechanisms of Sleep Regulation: 2. The convergent evolutionary roots of sleep: a lesson from genomic imprinting; 3. Molecular model of sleep–wake regulation: evolutionarily conserved role of ER proteostasis in sleep; 4. Astroglial regulation of mammalian sleep: mechanisms and models; 5. A layered model of sleep–wake regulation; 6. A multi-process model for the regulation of sleep and wakefulness: dozing episodes and the importance of blepharometry; 7. Slow-wave sleep as default cortical state; 8. Sleep and the energy allocation hypothesis; 9. Heuristic model of sleep–wake states; 10. Mathematical models of sleep–wake regulation: integrating sleep homeostasis, circadian rhythmicity, light and societal constraints; 11. Toward a somnolent information-processing theory: understanding the human sleep-onset control system from an integrative design-oriented perspective; 12. A mathematical model of sleep with an application to economics; Part III. Functions of Sleep: 13. The ontogenetic hypothesis of sleep function in development; 14. The protective and restorative theory and the sleep, slow-wave, vasohemodynamic equipoise hypothesis of sleep regulation; 15. The Sleep Elaboration–awake Pruning (SEAP) theory of memory; 16. State instability hypothesis; 17. Sleep-dependent Emotion regulation and maintenance of allostatic capacity; 18. Enhancement and suppression of propagation in the sleeping brain revealed by direct perturbational approach: The dynamic modulation theory of sleep and consciousness; 19. The role of immunity in physiological and pathological sleep; 20. The unified theory of sleep: eukaryotes' endosymbiotic relationship with mitochondria – REM is the push-back stage for awakening in animals with brains; 21. Computationally modeling the mechanisms and functions of sleep oscillations; 22. Evolutionary theories of sleep function: Historical perspective and a new adaptive avoidance theory; 23. Sleep function evolution: from homology to diversity; Part IV. Dreams and Dreaming: 24. Minds, brains and sleep; 25. Evolutionary simulation theories of dreaming; 26. The continuity hypothesis of dreaming; 27. Dreaming as memory reactivation; 28. Emotion processing and regulation in dreams; 29. Bottom-up experiential emotion regulation: breaking the link between emotional stress and sleep; 30. Creativity theory of dreams; 31. Lucid dreaming: A comprehensive exploration of established facts and ambiguities; 32. Theories of dream interpretation; 33. How tonight's dreams prepare you for tomorrow: how reciprocally connected, continuously interacting neural networks create dream imagery and consolidate memory during dreaming; Index.

Daniel B. Kay is Assistant Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at Brigham Young University, USA. He is a certified sleep psychologist, with over twenty years of experience in sleep research. Kay is known for his foundational contributions to the psychology of sleep and advancing understanding of the neurophysiology of insomnia. Joseph M. Dzierzewski is Senior Vice President of Research & Scientific Affairs at the National Sleep Foundation, where he leads the science platform and development of the organization's sleep health guidelines. Dzierzewski has authored hundreds of publications on sleep and is involved in sleep health advocacy efforts across the United States. M. Safwan Badr is Professor and Chair, Department of Internal Medicine and the Liborio Tranchida, MD, Endowed Professor of Medicine at Wayne State University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, USA. Dr. Badr is an internationally recognised sleep disorders researcher, focusing on the pathogenesis, epidemiology, and management of sleep-disordered breathing.

• Preface; Acknowledgements; Part I. Introduction: 1. Introduction to the philosophy of sleep science; Part II. Mechanisms of Sleep Regulation: 2. The convergent evolutionary roots of sleep: a lesson from genomic imprinting; 3. Molecular model of sleep–wake regulation: evolutionarily conserved role of ER proteostasis in sleep; 4. Astroglial regulation of mammalian sleep: mechanisms and models; 5. A layered model of sleep–wake regulation; 6. A multi-process model for the regulation of sleep and wakefulness: dozing episodes and the importance of blepharometry; 7. Slow-wave sleep as default cortical state; 8. Sleep and the energy allocation hypothesis; 9. Heuristic model of sleep–wake states; 10. Mathematical models of sleep–wake regulation: integrating sleep homeostasis, circadian rhythmicity, light and societal constraints; 11. Toward a somnolent information-processing theory: understanding the human sleep-onset control system from an integrative design-oriented perspective; 12. A mathematical model of sleep with an application to economics; Part III. Functions of Sleep: 13. The ontogenetic hypothesis of sleep function in development; 14. The protective and restorative theory and the sleep, slow-wave, vasohemodynamic equipoise hypothesis of sleep regulation; 15. The Sleep Elaboration–awake Pruning (SEAP) theory of memory; 16. State instability hypothesis; 17. Sleep-dependent Emotion regulation and maintenance of allostatic capacity; 18. Enhancement and suppression of propagation in the sleeping brain revealed by direct perturbational approach: The dynamic modulation theory of sleep and consciousness; 19. The role of immunity in physiological and pathological sleep; 20. The unified theory of sleep: eukaryotes' endosymbiotic relationship with mitochondria – REM is the push-back stage for awakening in animals with brains; 21. Computationally modeling the mechanisms and functions of sleep oscillations; 22. Evolutionary theories of sleep function: Historical perspective and a new adaptive avoidance theory; 23. Sleep function evolution: from homology to diversity; Part IV. Dreams and Dreaming: 24. Minds, brains and sleep; 25. Evolutionary simulation theories of dreaming; 26. The continuity hypothesis of dreaming; 27. Dreaming as memory reactivation; 28. Emotion processing and regulation in dreams; 29. Bottom-up experiential emotion regulation: breaking the link between emotional stress and sleep; 30. Creativity theory of dreams; 31. Lucid dreaming: A comprehensive exploration of established facts and ambiguities; 32. Theories of dream interpretation; 33. How tonight's dreams prepare you for tomorrow: how reciprocally connected, continuously interacting neural networks create dream imagery and consolidate memory during dreaming; Index.

Daniel B. Kay is Assistant Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at Brigham Young University, USA. He is a certified sleep psychologist, with over twenty years of experience in sleep research. Kay is known for his foundational contributions to the psychology of sleep and advancing understanding of the neurophysiology of insomnia. Joseph M. Dzierzewski is Senior Vice President of Research & Scientific Affairs at the National Sleep Foundation, where he leads the science platform and development of the organization's sleep health guidelines. Dzierzewski has authored hundreds of publications on sleep and is involved in sleep health advocacy efforts across the United States. M. Safwan Badr is Professor and Chair, Department of Internal Medicine and the Liborio Tranchida, MD, Endowed Professor of Medicine at Wayne State University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, USA. Dr. Badr is an internationally recognised sleep disorders researcher, focusing on the pathogenesis, epidemiology, and management of sleep-disordered breathing.

• Preface; Acknowledgements; Part I. Introduction: 1. Introduction to the philosophy of sleep science; Part II. Mechanisms of Sleep Regulation: 2. The convergent evolutionary roots of sleep: a lesson from genomic imprinting; 3. Molecular model of sleep–wake regulation: evolutionarily conserved role of ER proteostasis in sleep; 4. Astroglial regulation of mammalian sleep: mechanisms and models; 5. A layered model of sleep–wake regulation; 6. A multi-process model for the regulation of sleep and wakefulness: dozing episodes and the importance of blepharometry; 7. Slow-wave sleep as default cortical state; 8. Sleep and the energy allocation hypothesis; 9. Heuristic model of sleep–wake states; 10. Mathematical models of sleep–wake regulation: integrating sleep homeostasis, circadian rhythmicity, light and societal constraints; 11. Toward a somnolent information-processing theory: understanding the human sleep-onset control system from an integrative design-oriented perspective; 12. A mathematical model of sleep with an application to economics; Part III. Functions of Sleep: 13. The ontogenetic hypothesis of sleep function in development; 14. The protective and restorative theory and the sleep, slow-wave, vasohemodynamic equipoise hypothesis of sleep regulation; 15. The Sleep Elaboration–awake Pruning (SEAP) theory of memory; 16. State instability hypothesis; 17. Sleep-dependent Emotion regulation and maintenance of allostatic capacity; 18. Enhancement and suppression of propagation in the sleeping brain revealed by direct perturbational approach: The dynamic modulation theory of sleep and consciousness; 19. The role of immunity in physiological and pathological sleep; 20. The unified theory of sleep: eukaryotes' endosymbiotic relationship with mitochondria – REM is the push-back stage for awakening in animals with brains; 21. Computationally modeling the mechanisms and functions of sleep oscillations; 22. Evolutionary theories of sleep function: Historical perspective and a new adaptive avoidance theory; 23. Sleep function evolution: from homology to diversity; Part IV. Dreams and Dreaming: 24. Minds, brains and sleep; 25. Evolutionary simulation theories of dreaming; 26. The continuity hypothesis of dreaming; 27. Dreaming as memory reactivation; 28. Emotion processing and regulation in dreams; 29. Bottom-up experiential emotion regulation: breaking the link between emotional stress and sleep; 30. Creativity theory of dreams; 31. Lucid dreaming: A comprehensive exploration of established facts and ambiguities; 32. Theories of dream interpretation; 33. How tonight's dreams prepare you for tomorrow: how reciprocally connected, continuously interacting neural networks create dream imagery and consolidate memory during dreaming; Index.