Nineteenth-Century British Pharmacy and Pharmaceuticals

Stuart Anderson is emeritus professor in pharmacy history at the Centre for History in Public Health at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. He is the author of Pharmacy and Professionalization in the British Empire, 1780-1970 (Palgrave McMillan, 2021), and his book Pharmacopoeias, Drug Regulation, and Empire: Making Medicines Official in Britain’s Imperial World, 1681-1968 will be published by McGill-Queen’s University Press in 2024. He was the editor of Making Medicines: A Brief History of Pharmacy and Pharmaceuticals (Pharmaceutical Press, 2005) and is the editor of the international journal Pharmaceutical Historian. He is a past chair of the Society for the Social History of Medicine, a past president of the British Society for the History of Pharmacy and was president of the International Academy for the History of Pharmacy 2009 to 2017. He is a Fellow of both the Royal Pharmaceutical Society and the Royal Historical Society.

• Volume 4: World – From Corner Shop to Global StageAcknowledgementsGeneral IntroductionIntroduction to Volume 4Part 1: Pharmacy in public institutions 1. ‘Hospital dispensing’, Pharmaceutical Journal (20 August 1870), p. 149. 2. ‘Hospital dispensing’, Pharmaceutical Journal (20 April 1872), p. 851. 3. ‘Hospital medicines’, Chemist and Druggist (31 January 1891), pp. 172–3. 4. ‘A Danger in hospital dispensing’, Pharmaceutical Journal (12 December 1896), p. 515.5. ‘Sweating the dispenser’, Pharmaceutical Journal (27 March 1897), p. 285.6. ‘Plea for prison dispenser’, Pharmaceutical Journal (18 September 1897), p. 269.7. ‘Poor Law Dispensers’ Association, Pharmaceutical Journal (11 December 1897), p. 537.8. ‘Public Dispensers’ Association, Pharmaceutical Journal (11 December 1897), p. 537. Part 2: Pharmacy in the armed forces 9. J. Brewer, ‘Dispensers in Crimea’, Pharmaceutical Journal (1 October 1855), pp. 187–8.10.‘Dispensing in regular army’, Chemist and Druggist (15 March 1878), p. 135. 11. ‘Army and navy dispensers’, Chemist and Druggist (14 August 1880), p. 369. 12. ‘Pharmacy in the army’, Historical Sketch (1880), p. 250. 13. ‘Army medical department’, Historical Sketch (1880), pp. 305–6. 14. ‘Military compounders of medicine’, Chemist and Druggist (7 July 1888), pp. 30–1. 15. ‘Military compounders of medicine’, Chemist and Druggist (14 July 1888), p. 61. 16. ‘Pharmacy in services’, Chemist and Druggist (22 September 1888), p. 397. 17. ‘Army Pharmaceutical Service’, Chemist and Druggist (13 January 1900), p. 71. 18. ‘Army Pharmaceutical Service’, Chemist and Druggist (20 January 1900), pp. 103–4.19. ‘Army dispensers’, Chemist and Druggist (27 January 1900), p. 126.Part 3: Pharmacy in British colonies 20. ‘Pharmacy in Barbados’, Chemist and Druggist (15 January 1880), p. 32.21. ‘Pharmacy in Fiji’, Chemist and Druggist, Australasian Supplement (October 1880), p. 44.22. ‘Pharmacy in Jamaica’, Chemist and Druggist (15 May 1884), pp. 206–7.23. ‘Pharmacy in Heligoland’, Chemist and Druggist (26 July 1890), pp. 108–9.24. ‘Pharmacy in Jamaica’, Chemist and Druggist (15 January 1885), p. 12. 25. ‘Gold Coast Drugs and Poisons Ordinance’, Gold Coast Gazette (1892), pp. 756–66.26. Burroughs, S. M., ‘Pharmacy at Gibraltar’, American Druggist and Pharmaceutical Record (1894), pp. 122–3. 27. ‘Pharmacy at home and abroad’, Pharmaceutical Journal (1 December 1894), pp. 446-7.28. ‘Pharmacy Law at Gibraltar’, Pharmaceutical Journal (5 November 1898), p. 494.29. ‘Sale of Poisons in Hong Kong’, Pharmaceutical Journal (5 November 1898), p. 495.30. ‘Bylaws regarding Poisons’, Hong Kong Government Gazette (8 April 1904), Government Notification no. 243.31. ‘Ordinance to regulate pharmacy’, Hong Kong Government Gazette (26 June 1908), Government Notification no. 12.Part 4: Pharmacy in British India 32. ‘Indian hospitals and dispensaries’, Pharmaceutical Journal (12 December 1873), pp. 471–2.33. ‘Indigenous drugs’, Indian Medical Gazette (1 September 1879), pp. 260–2. 34. ‘Pharmaceutical assistants in India’, Pharmaceutical Journal (21 April 1882), p. 876.35. ‘Assistants in India’, Pharmaceutical Journal (28 April 1882), p. 896. 36. Burroughs, S. M., ‘Notes on travel’, Chemist and Druggist (15 March 1883), pp. 143–4. 37. Falck, J. A., ‘Pharmacy in India’, Chemist and Druggist (9 April 1887), pp. 441–2. 38. ‘Talk on Indian Drug Trade’, Chemist and Druggist (19 July 1890), p. 71. 39. ‘Supply of drugs from India’, Pharmaceutical Journal (9 December 1893), p. 464. 40. ‘Pharmaceutical education in India’, Chemist and Druggist (29 September 1894), p. 476.41. ‘India’, Pharmaceutical Journal (1 December 1894), 446.42. ‘Proprietaries in India’, Chemist and Druggist (30 December 1899), p. 1077. 43. ‘British pharmacy in India’, Chemist and Druggist (25 January 1902), pp. 144–7. 44. ‘British pharmacy in India’, Chemist and Druggist (19 April 1902), pp. 620–2.45. ‘A Word from India’, Pharmaceutical Era (29 October 1903), pp. 446–7. 46. ‘Pharmacy in Calcutta’, Bulletin of Pharmacy (1904), pp. 280–4. 47. ‘Indian Pharmacy’, British Medical Journal 2 (6 October 1906), p. 887.Part 5. Pharmacy in the Dominions 48. ‘Pharmacy in Ireland’, Pharmaceutical Journal (1 February 1842), pp. 387–90.49. ‘Pharmacy Act (Ireland) 1875’, Pharmaceutical Journal (25 September 1875), pp. 254–8.50. ‘Ireland’, Chemist and Druggist (22 September 1888), pp. 396–7.51. ‘Pharmaceutical Society of Ireland’, Chemist and Druggist (16 September 1899), pp. 475–8.52. ‘Pharmacy in Australia’, Pharmaceutical Journal (1 September 1858), pp. 175–6.53. ‘Proposed intercolonial pharmaceutical congress’, Pharmaceutical Journal (19 June 1886), pp. 1073–4.54. ‘Pharmacy in Victoria’, Pharmaceutical Journal (31 May 1873), p. 960.55. ‘Pharmacy in Australia’, Chemist and Druggist (15 April 1884), pp. 158–9.56. ‘Latest Pharmacy Act’, Chemist and Druggist (8 December 1894), p. 821.57. ‘Pharmacy in New Zealand’, Chemist and Druggist (15 January 1880), p. 15.58. ‘Pharmacy in New Zealand’, Chemist and Druggist, Australasian Supplement (October 1880), pp. 43–4.59. J. B. Edwards, ‘Pharmacy in Canada’, Pharmaceutical Journal (December 1869), pp. 354–5.60. ‘Counter prescribing’, Canadian Pharmaceutical Journal (April 1876), pp. 329–31. 61. ‘Pharmacy Act 1884’, Canadian Pharmaceutical Journal (April 1884), pp. 124–6.62. ‘Pharmaceutical Notes from Cape Colony’, Chemist and Druggist (15 October 1885), pp; 600–1.63. Cape Town Pharmaceutical Society, Chemist and Druggist (5 March 1887), p. 291.64. ‘South African News’, Chemist and Druggist (19 February 1898), pp. 301–2. 65. ‘South African News’, Chemist and Druggist (16 September 1899), p. 474.Part 6. Standardizing pharmacy across the British world 66. W. B. O’Shaughnessy, The Bengal Pharmacopoeia, and general conspectus of medicinal plants, arranged according to the natural and therapeutical systems (Calcutta: Bishop's College Press, 1844), pp. iii–vii. 67. ‘Pharmacopoeia of India’, Indian Medical Gazette (1 January 1866), pp. 15–19. 68. E. J. Waring, Pharmacopoeia of India (London: W.H. Allen & Co., 1868), pp. v–xii.69. ‘Pharmacopoeia of India’, Pharmaceutical Journal (December 1868), pp. 373–5.70. F. A. Fluckiger and D. Hanbury, Pharmacographia: History of Principal Drugs of Vegetable Origin met with in Great Britain and British India (London: Macmillan, 1874), pp. v–viii. 71. W. Dymock, Pharmacographia Indica. A history of the principal drugs of vegetable origin, met with in British India (London: K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., 1890), pp. iii–iv.72. K. L. Dey, Indigenous Drugs of India: Short Descriptive Notices of the Principal Medicines, Both Vegetable and Mineral, in Common Use Among the Natives of India (Calcutta: Thacker, Spink & Co., 1896), pp. xxi–xxv. 73. ‘Report by Pharmacopoeia Committee’, Minutes of General Medical Council (London: GMC, 31 May 1898), XXXV, pp. 435–42. 74. ‘Indian and Colonial Addendum to BP 1898’, Lancet (10 December 1898), p. 1569.75. ‘Indian section of British Pharmacopoeia 1898’, Indian Medical Gazette 34 (April 1899), pp. 125–7. 76. ‘Report by Pharmacopoeia Committee’, Minutes of General Medical Council (London: GMC, 29 November 1899), XXXVI, pp. 744–54.77. ‘Report by Pharmacopoeia Committee’, Minutes of General Medical Council (London: GMC, 30 May 1900), XXXVII, pp. 503–9.78. W. Mair, ‘Imperial British pharmacopoeia: Notes on some Indian drugs’, Lancet 2 (4 August 1900), pp. 326–8.79. Indian and Colonial Addendum to BP 1898 (London: GMC, November 1900), pp. 1–59. 80. ‘Report by Pharmacopoeia Committee’, Minutes of General Medical Council (London: GMC, 30 November 1900), XXXVII, pp. 125–8.81. ‘Indian and Colonial Addendum to BP 1898’, British Medical Journal 2(8 December 1900), p. 1676.82. ‘Report by Pharmacopoeia Committee’, Minutes of General Medical Council (London: GMC, 3 December 1901), XXXVIII, pp. 143–4.Part 7. Britain and the global drug trade 83. J. Pereira, ‘On the formation of scientific committees for advancement of pharmacology’, Pharmaceutical Journal (July 1844), pp. 11–13. 84. ‘Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products’, Official Catalogue of the Great Exhibition (London: Spicer Brothers, 1851), pp. 184–99.85. ‘Supply of drugs to emigrant ships’, Pharmaceutical Journal (1 March 1853), pp. 417–18. 86. ‘Export of drugs, medicines, etc, from the Port of London for 4 weeks’, Chemist and Druggist (15 April 1878), pp. 178–81. 87. ‘British Pharmaceutical Conference’, Chemist and Druggist (14 March 1885), pp. 156–57. 88. E. M. Holmes, ‘Some of drug exhibits at Colonial and Indian exhibition’, Pharmaceutical Journal (20 November 1886), pp. 405–11. 89. ‘Representative houses in the drug, chemical and allied trades’, British and Colonial Druggist (26 January 1889), pp. 82–3. 90. P. MacEwan, ‘Foreign experience for assistants’, in Art of Dispensing, sixth edition (London: Chemist and Druggist, 1901), pp. 399–400.91. ‘Report of the Pharmacopoeia Committee on the International Conference for the Unification of Pharmaceutical Formulas of Potent Drugs and Preparations’, Minutes of the General Medical Council (London: GMC, 1 November 1902), XXXIX, pp. 687–694.92. International Agreement respecting Unification for Pharmacopoeial Formulas for Potent Drugs signed at Brussels (London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, March 1907), pp. 1–19.Index