Synbiotics, 2 Volume Set

Anil Panghal, PhD is an Assistant Scientist in the Department of Processing and Food Engineering in the College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University. He has published several research papers in reputed journals and chapters for international publishers. His areas of expertise include bioprocessing, manufacturing, food chemistry, food science and technology, and nutrition.Namita Singh, PhD is a Professor in the Department of Bio and Nano Technology at the Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology with more than 22 years of experience. She has published 40 national and 60 international publications, one book, three manuals, and one patent. Her areas of expertise include microbial biotechnology, fermentation technology, environmental biotechnology, algal biotechnology, enzyme technology, and solid waste management.Ramesh Chander Kuhad, PhD is the Pro-Chancellor at Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University with more than 35 years of experience. He has authored more than 200 publications, edited five books, and has four patents to his credit in different areas of crop by-product biotechnology. His research focuses on microbial ecology, bioprocess engineering and fermentation technology, and wastewater treatment.Mandeep Kumar is a research scholar in the Department of Bio and Nano Technology at the Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology. He completed his postgraduate work in biochemistry at Kurukshetra University. His PhD thesis focuses on the development of vegetable-based probiotic drinks and the evaluation of their bioactivity.

• Synbiotics, Volume 1: Revolutionizing Health and Disease ManagementPreface xv1 The New Frontier in Healthy Living: Synbiotic Drinks Combining Probiotics and Prebiotics 1Taruna Sheoran, Mandeep Kumar, Navnidhi Chikkara and Namita Singh2 Synbiotics: Production, Applications, and Health Promotion 37Nidhi Gupta and Manjula Gautam2.1 Introduction 382.2 Synbiotic Formulation 392.3 Applications 412.4 Synbiotics in the Prevention and Management of Chronic Illnesses 472.5 Impact of Synbiotics on Health Promotion 522.6 Conclusion 532.7 Perspectives for the Future 533 Understanding the Role of Multi-Strain Probiotics in Improving Consumer Health 65Samridhi Pushkarna, Kajal Gaba, Shruti Kharod, Parveen Malhotra, Amita Suneja Dang and Pooja Suneja3.1 Introduction 653.2 Mechanism of Action 673.3 Benefits of Multi-Strain Probiotics 693.4 Applications of Multi-Strain Probiotics 713.5 Conclusion 834 Co-Encapsulated Synbiotics for Improved Human Health 91Bharti Datten, Nikita Jangra and Pooja Gulati4.1 Introduction 924.2 Co-Encapsulated Synbiotics 934.3 Carriers Used for Co-Encapsulation 964.4 Microencapsulation 984.5 Nanoencapsulation 1024.6 Encapsulated Synbiotics in Promoting Gut Health 1054.7 Side Effects Associated with Encapsulated Synbiotics In Vivo 1064.8 Concluding Remarks 1075 Unveiling the Role of Synbiotics in Infant Well-Being 115Parul Chugh, Swati Misra, Shailendra Raghuwanshi and Mahesh S. Dhar6 Probiotics and Chronic Diseases 137Mrinali Hakim Kaul6.1 Chronic Diseases 1396.2 Function of Gut Microbiota in Chronic Diseases 1406.3 Probiotics 1416.4 Probiotics in Chronic Diseases 1446.5 Future of Probiotics in Chronic Disease 1546.6 Conclusion 1557 Exploring the Connection Between Probiotics and Chronic Diseases 169Kajal Gaba, Samridhi Pushkarna, Shruti Kharod, Parveen Malhotra, Pooja Suneja and Amita Suneja Dang7.1 Introduction 1707.2 Mechanism of Action of Probiotics 1717.3 Probiotics in Chronic Diseases Management 1727.4 Conclusion 1848 Probiotics and Chronic Disease: A Microbial Approach to Prevention and Management 189Akriti Thakur, Sonia Morya and Arno Neumann8.1 Introduction 1908.2 Chronic Diseases and Their Impact 1968.3 The Gut Microbiome and Chronic Diseases 1998.4 Probiotics and Other Living Microorganism Biotherapies 2068.5 Mechanism of Action of Probiotics 2098.6 Clinical Studies and Results 2108.7 Conclusion 2119 Exploring the Triad: Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Synbiotics in Promoting Bone Health 223Lakhvinder Kaur9.1 Introduction 2249.2 Importance of Prebiotics and Probiotics 2269.3 Prebiotics in Human Health 2299.4 Probiotics in Human Health 2339.5 Synbiotics in Human Health 2349.6 Impact of Probiotics on Bone Health 2349.7 The Role of Probiotics in Inflammatory Homeostasis 2359.8 Studies Emphasizing the Importance of Probiotics for Bone Health 2379.9 The Relationship Between Prebiotics and Bone Health 2399.10 Other Therapeutic Advantages of Prebiotics 2419.11 Summary 24110 Probiotics and Prebiotics in Oral Health 251Anamika Chauhan and Simple Sharma10.1 Introduction 25210.2 Composition of Oral Microbiota 25410.3 Probiotics in Oral Health 25510.4 Prebiotics in Oral Health 25810.5 Oral Conditions and Probiotics/Prebiotics 26210.6 Prebiotics and Probiotics in Commercial Oral Health Products 26810.7 Current Uses of Probiotics and Prebiotics 26910.8 Safety and Regulations 26910.9 Implications of the Potential of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Promoting Oral Health 27910.10 Conclusion 28011 Synbiotics and the Immune System 291Mrinali Hakim KaulIntroduction 29111.1 Historical Overview 29311.2 Gut Microbiome and Immunity 29411.3 Synbiotics 29611.4 Impact of Synbiotics on the Immune System 30011.5 Role in Diseases 30711.6 Future Directions 31311.7 Conclusion 31312 Probiotics and Prebiotics for the Immune System 323Prasann Kumar and Joginder Singh12.1 Introduction 32412.2 Understanding Synbiotics 32812.3 Safety Assessment of Probiotics 33112.4 Toxicity Considerations of Prebiotics: An Overview of Prebiotic Safety 33912.5 Interactions and Synergy in Synbiotics 34712.6 Immunomodulatory Effects and Host Response 35112.7 Long-Term Safety and Health Outcomes 35412.8 Safety Considerations in Special Populations 35712.9 Regulatory Landscape and Labeling Requirements 36012.10 Conclusion 36313 Synbiotics for Promoting Health 371Ankita Sharma and Madhvi Awasthi13.1 Synbiotics and Hormonal Regulation 37513.2 Synbiotics and Thyroid Function 37813.3 Synbiotics and Immunity 37913.4 Synbiotics and Renal Function 38013.5 Synbiotics and Skeletal System 38113.6 Synbiotic and Cardiovascular System 38213.7 Synbiotic and Respiratory Tract 38313.8 Synbiotic and Gastrointestinal Tract 38413.9 Synbiotic and Liver 38514 Synbiotics in Cytotoxicity 393Shruti Kharod, Samridhi Pushkarna, Kajal Gaba, Anil Kumar, Pooja Suneja and Amita Suneja Dang14.1 Introduction 39314.2 Synbiotics 39414.3 Mechanisms of Synbiotic-Mediated Cytotoxicity Modulation 39614.4 Synbiotics and Cytotoxicity in Specific Disease States 39814.5 Future Directions 4164.6 Conclusion 41815 Synbiotics—Safety and Toxicity Considerations 429Manjula Gautam and Nidhi Gupta15.1 Introduction 43015.2 Safety Evaluation 44215.3 Synbiotic Safety Measures 44315.4 Regulatory Considerations 44515.5 Safety Assessment of Probiotics 44515.6 Safety Evaluation of Prebiotics 44715.7 Toxicity Investigations of Synbiotics 44815.8 Management of Chemotherapy-Related Symptoms with Synbiotic Therapy 44915.9 Concluding Remarks and Future Directions 454References 455Synbiotics, Volume 2: Harnessing Probiotics and Prebiotics for NutritionPreface xiii16 Commercially Exploitable Probiotic Microorganisms for Humans 467Taruna Sheoran, Anil Panghal and Namita Singh17 Probiotic Microorganism 491Gopika S. Pillai and Sonia Morya17.1 Introduction 49117.2 Diversity and Types of Probiotic Microorganisms 49517.3 Sources of Probiotics 51417.4 Dietary Supplements 51717.5 Health Benefits and Applications 52417.6 Future Applications and Emerging Research Areas 52917.7 Conclusion 53018 Mechanism of Action of Probiotics 547S. Pooja, Vidya Niranjan, Anagha S. Setlur, Chandrashekar K. and Sinosh Skariyachan18.1 Introduction 54818.2 Overview of Probiotics—Need and Importance 54918.3 Classification and Types of Probiotics 55018.4 Major Types of Probiotic Microorganisms and Their Microbiological Aspects 55118.5 Major Mechanism of Probiotics 55418.6 Conclusion 57618.7 Future Perspectives 57619 Synbiotics in Nutrition 593Enespa and Prem Chandra19.1 Introduction 59319.2 Antioxidant Properties of Synbiotics 59819.3 Health Benefits and Therapeutic Potentials 60419.4 Applications to Animal Health 61319.5 Conclusions 61820 Synbiotics in Nutrition: The Synergy of Probiotics and Prebiotics 631Mounika P.A. Reddy and Manesh Muraleedharan20.1 Overview of Probiotics and Prebiotics 63220.2 Mechanism of Synbiotics 63620.3 Dietary Sources of Synbiotics 64220.4 The Significance of the Gut Microbiome in Human Health 64420.5 Application of Synbiotics in Health Management 65120.6 Progress and Prospects in Synbiotic-Based Nutrition Research 65721 Microencapsulation in Synbiotics and Its Food Application 675Yogesh Kumar and Swarnima Dey21.1 Introduction 67521.2 Role of Microorganisms in Synbiotics 67921.3 Selection of Wall Material in Microencapsulatio of Synbiotics 68021.4 Preparation of Microencapsulated Synbiotics 68421.5 Application of Microencapsulated Synbiotics in Foods 69221.6 Future Prospective in Microencapsulated Synbiotics 69421.7 Conclusion 69522 Microencapsulation of Synbiotics 701Abishek Dinesh and Sonia Morya22.1 Introduction 70222.2 Microencapsulation of Synbiotics 70322.3 Microencapsulation Methods 71222.4 Applications of Microencapsulated Synbiotics in Food 72022.5 Current Challenges 72522.6 Future Prospects 72622.7 Conclusion 72723 Prebiotics Addition in Dairy Products 737Semih Otles and Gozde Turkoz Bakirci23.1 Introduction 73723.2 Conceptual Framework (Prebiotics, Probiotics, Differences, Applications, Synbiotics) 73823.3 Studies in the Literature Regarding the Use of Prebiotics in Dairy Products 74523.4 Results and Recommendations 74824 Synbiotic Usage in Children 753Urvashi Mudgil, Permender Singh, Krishan Kumar and Vinita Bhankar24.1 Synbiotics for Promoting Growth in Children 75624.2 Effect of Synbiotics on Gi Issues in Children 75724.3 Support to Immune System of Children 76124.4 Role of Gut-Microbiota-Brain Axis in Children with Cerebral Palsy 76524.5 Effect of Synbiotics on Cardiovascular Diseases in Children 76624.6 Effect of Synbiotics on Uric Acid in Children 76724.7 Conclusion 76725 Role of Synbiotics in Infant Nutrition 777Manju Tewari, Prerna Pande, Saloni Godiyal and Veena Pande25.1 Infant Nutrition 77725.2 Gut Microbiome in Infants 78025.3 Synbiotics 78025.4 Conclusions 79326 Significance of Probiotics in the Context of Chronic Disease: Recent Revelations 805Chandra Mohana. N., Narendra Kumar H. K., Kiran Kumar M.N. and Satish S.27 Synbiotics: Safety and Toxicity Considerations 823Prasann Kumar and Joginder Singh27.1 Introduction 82427.2 Understanding Synbiotics 82627.3 Safety of Probiotics 83127.4 Safety of Prebiotics 83427.5 Interactions and Synergies 84327.6 Toxicity Concerns 84927.7 Assessing and Monitoring Safety 85127.8 Future Directions and Challenges 85427.9 Conclusion and Recommendations 85628 Regulatory Framework for Use of Probiotics 863Mahima Verma and Jasvir Singh28.1 Introduction 86428.2 Regulatory Framework for the Use of Probiotics in Food 86428.3 Regulatory Framework for Use of Probiotics in Pharma 87428.4 Regulatory Framework for Use of Probiotics in Animal Feed 87828.5 Conclusions 879Bibliography 880Index 881