Peter Forsyth has been at Monash University since 1997, originally as Professor of Economics, and since 2014 as Adjunct Professor. Much of his research has been on Transport Economics, and especially on the Economics of Aviation. He has published widely in both tourism and aviation, including Tourism Economics and Policy, Second Edition, (with L Dwyer and W Dwyer, Channel View, 2020). In recent years he has done considerable research on economic policies to reduce emissions of aviation, and recently published Aviation and Climate Change: Economic Perspectives on Greenhouse Gas Reduction Polices (with F Fichert and H-M Niemeier, Routledge, 2020). He has also done extensive work using Computable General Equilibrium models to analyse aviation policy issues. In 2015 he was made a Fellow of the Air Transport Research Society. Jürgen Müller obtained his PhD from Stanford and then worked at the Science Center Berlin (WZB), the German Institute for Economic Research (DIW) and the Berlin School of Economics and Law (HWR), at the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and at Sussex University. He also taught at the Universities of Bonn, Bremen, Paris-Sorbonne, INSEAD, Stanford, UC Berkeley and the College of Europe/Natolin. Concerning aviation, he has worked on air traffic control issues for the Association of European Airlines and for the European Union and as a co-director of the German Aviation Project (GAP) on governance and productivity topics. He was a co-founder of the European Association of Industrial Economics (EARIE) and the International Telecommunications Society (ITS) and a vice chair of GARS, the German Aviation Research Society. Hans-Martin Niemeier is a Director of the Institute for Transport and Development at Bremen University of Applied Sciences. He is Chairman of the German Aviation Research Society and member of the Advisory Board of the EuropeanAviation Conference. He chaired the COST Action “Air Transport and Regional Development”. From 2014 to May 2019, he was member of the Performance Review Body of the Single European Sky. He has published on privatisation, regulation and competition of airports, the reform of slot allocation and on airline and airport alliances. Eric Pels is Associate Professor at the Department of Spatial Economic of VU University. He obtained his PhD in 2000 from VU University. The title of the doctoral dissertation was: "Airport economics and policy: efficiency, competition, and interaction with airlines". With this dissertation he was the winner of the Regional Science Association International (RSAI) Dissertation Competition, 2000. Currently he teaches various courses at the bachelor’s and master’s level. These courses include transport economics, airline business and micro economics. His research focuses on the development of transport (mostly airline) networks, pricing transport network and pricing of infrastructure. He chaired the 2019 ATRS conference. He also is editor submitted papers for Transport Policy.

• - 1. Introduction. - Part I Theoretical Background: Market Power and Regulation. - 2. How Strong Is Airport Competition: Is There a Case for Regulation?. - 3. European Hub Airport Competition: An Assessment of Market Concentration in the Local Catchment and in the Transfer Market. - 4. The Transactions Costs Foundation for Public Utility Regulation and Its Application to the Regulation of Airports. - 5. Cost-Based Versus Incentive Regulation for Airports. - 6. Airport Privatization and Regulation: Effects on Airport Charge, Capacity, and Social Welfare. - 7. Light-Handed Regulation of Airports: The Way to Go?. - 8. Optimising Investment in Regulated Airports. - 9. European Airport Reform: Slots and the Implicit Contract Between Airlines and Airports. - Part II Benchmarking. - 10. Efficiency Assessment of Airports and the Impact of Regulation on Performance. - 11. Methodology Choices for Benchmarking Airports. - 12. Practical Difficulties in Airport Benchmarking: The Case of Dublin Airport. - Part III Country Studies. - 13. Economic Regulation of Airports in the United Kingdom. - 14. French Airports Case Study. - 15. Airport Regulation and Benchmarking: Case Study Germany. - 16. Airport Market Power: Schiphol 10 Years After the Assessment. - 17. Changing Governance and Regulation of Airports: A Comparison of Austria, Denmark, Italy, Hungary, Portugal, and Spain. - 18. Private Participation and Economic Regulation of Airports in Latin America. - 19. Conclusion.

Peter Forsyth has been at Monash University since 1997, originally as Professor of Economics, and since 2014 as Adjunct Professor. Much of his research has been on Transport Economics, and especially on the Economics of Aviation. He has published widely in both tourism and aviation, including Tourism Economics and Policy, Second Edition, (with L Dwyer and W Dwyer, Channel View, 2020). In recent years he has done considerable research on economic policies to reduce emissions of aviation, and recently published Aviation and Climate Change: Economic Perspectives on Greenhouse Gas Reduction Polices (with F Fichert and H-M Niemeier, Routledge, 2020). He has also done extensive work using Computable General Equilibrium models to analyse aviation policy issues. In 2015 he was made a Fellow of the Air Transport Research Society. Jürgen Müller obtained his PhD from Stanford and then worked at the Science Center Berlin (WZB), the German Institute for Economic Research (DIW) and the Berlin School of Economics and Law (HWR), at the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and at Sussex University. He also taught at the Universities of Bonn, Bremen, Paris-Sorbonne, INSEAD, Stanford, UC Berkeley and the College of Europe/Natolin. Concerning aviation, he has worked on air traffic control issues for the Association of European Airlines and for the European Union and as a co-director of the German Aviation Project (GAP) on governance and productivity topics. He was a co-founder of the European Association of Industrial Economics (EARIE) and the International Telecommunications Society (ITS) and a vice chair of GARS, the German Aviation Research Society. Hans-Martin Niemeier is a Director of the Institute for Transport and Development at Bremen University of Applied Sciences. He is Chairman of the German Aviation Research Society and member of the Advisory Board of the EuropeanAviation Conference. He chaired the COST Action “Air Transport and Regional Development”. From 2014 to May 2019, he was member of the Performance Review Body of the Single European Sky. He has published on privatisation, regulation and competition of airports, the reform of slot allocation and on airline and airport alliances. Eric Pels is Associate Professor at the Department of Spatial Economic of VU University. He obtained his PhD in 2000 from VU University. The title of the doctoral dissertation was: "Airport economics and policy: efficiency, competition, and interaction with airlines". With this dissertation he was the winner of the Regional Science Association International (RSAI) Dissertation Competition, 2000. Currently he teaches various courses at the bachelor’s and master’s level. These courses include transport economics, airline business and micro economics. His research focuses on the development of transport (mostly airline) networks, pricing transport network and pricing of infrastructure. He chaired the 2019 ATRS conference. He also is editor submitted papers for Transport Policy.

• - 1. Introduction. - Part I Theoretical Background: Market Power and Regulation. - 2. How Strong Is Airport Competition: Is There a Case for Regulation?. - 3. European Hub Airport Competition: An Assessment of Market Concentration in the Local Catchment and in the Transfer Market. - 4. The Transactions Costs Foundation for Public Utility Regulation and Its Application to the Regulation of Airports. - 5. Cost-Based Versus Incentive Regulation for Airports. - 6. Airport Privatization and Regulation: Effects on Airport Charge, Capacity, and Social Welfare. - 7. Light-Handed Regulation of Airports: The Way to Go?. - 8. Optimising Investment in Regulated Airports. - 9. European Airport Reform: Slots and the Implicit Contract Between Airlines and Airports. - Part II Benchmarking. - 10. Efficiency Assessment of Airports and the Impact of Regulation on Performance. - 11. Methodology Choices for Benchmarking Airports. - 12. Practical Difficulties in Airport Benchmarking: The Case of Dublin Airport. - Part III Country Studies. - 13. Economic Regulation of Airports in the United Kingdom. - 14. French Airports Case Study. - 15. Airport Regulation and Benchmarking: Case Study Germany. - 16. Airport Market Power: Schiphol 10 Years After the Assessment. - 17. Changing Governance and Regulation of Airports: A Comparison of Austria, Denmark, Italy, Hungary, Portugal, and Spain. - 18. Private Participation and Economic Regulation of Airports in Latin America. - 19. Conclusion.

Peter Forsyth has been at Monash University since 1997, originally as Professor of Economics, and since 2014 as Adjunct Professor. Much of his research has been on Transport Economics, and especially on the Economics of Aviation. He has published widely in both tourism and aviation, including Tourism Economics and Policy, Second Edition, (with L Dwyer and W Dwyer, Channel View, 2020). In recent years he has done considerable research on economic policies to reduce emissions of aviation, and recently published Aviation and Climate Change: Economic Perspectives on Greenhouse Gas Reduction Polices (with F Fichert and H-M Niemeier, Routledge, 2020). He has also done extensive work using Computable General Equilibrium models to analyse aviation policy issues. In 2015 he was made a Fellow of the Air Transport Research Society. Jürgen Müller obtained his PhD from Stanford and then worked at the Science Center Berlin (WZB), the German Institute for Economic Research (DIW) and the Berlin School of Economics and Law (HWR), at the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and at Sussex University. He also taught at the Universities of Bonn, Bremen, Paris-Sorbonne, INSEAD, Stanford, UC Berkeley and the College of Europe/Natolin. Concerning aviation, he has worked on air traffic control issues for the Association of European Airlines and for the European Union and as a co-director of the German Aviation Project (GAP) on governance and productivity topics. He was a co-founder of the European Association of Industrial Economics (EARIE) and the International Telecommunications Society (ITS) and a vice chair of GARS, the German Aviation Research Society. Hans-Martin Niemeier is a Director of the Institute for Transport and Development at Bremen University of Applied Sciences. He is Chairman of the German Aviation Research Society and member of the Advisory Board of the EuropeanAviation Conference. He chaired the COST Action “Air Transport and Regional Development”. From 2014 to May 2019, he was member of the Performance Review Body of the Single European Sky. He has published on privatisation, regulation and competition of airports, the reform of slot allocation and on airline and airport alliances. Eric Pels is Associate Professor at the Department of Spatial Economic of VU University. He obtained his PhD in 2000 from VU University. The title of the doctoral dissertation was: "Airport economics and policy: efficiency, competition, and interaction with airlines". With this dissertation he was the winner of the Regional Science Association International (RSAI) Dissertation Competition, 2000. Currently he teaches various courses at the bachelor’s and master’s level. These courses include transport economics, airline business and micro economics. His research focuses on the development of transport (mostly airline) networks, pricing transport network and pricing of infrastructure. He chaired the 2019 ATRS conference. He also is editor submitted papers for Transport Policy.

• - 1. Introduction. - Part I Theoretical Background: Market Power and Regulation. - 2. How Strong Is Airport Competition: Is There a Case for Regulation?. - 3. European Hub Airport Competition: An Assessment of Market Concentration in the Local Catchment and in the Transfer Market. - 4. The Transactions Costs Foundation for Public Utility Regulation and Its Application to the Regulation of Airports. - 5. Cost-Based Versus Incentive Regulation for Airports. - 6. Airport Privatization and Regulation: Effects on Airport Charge, Capacity, and Social Welfare. - 7. Light-Handed Regulation of Airports: The Way to Go?. - 8. Optimising Investment in Regulated Airports. - 9. European Airport Reform: Slots and the Implicit Contract Between Airlines and Airports. - Part II Benchmarking. - 10. Efficiency Assessment of Airports and the Impact of Regulation on Performance. - 11. Methodology Choices for Benchmarking Airports. - 12. Practical Difficulties in Airport Benchmarking: The Case of Dublin Airport. - Part III Country Studies. - 13. Economic Regulation of Airports in the United Kingdom. - 14. French Airports Case Study. - 15. Airport Regulation and Benchmarking: Case Study Germany. - 16. Airport Market Power: Schiphol 10 Years After the Assessment. - 17. Changing Governance and Regulation of Airports: A Comparison of Austria, Denmark, Italy, Hungary, Portugal, and Spain. - 18. Private Participation and Economic Regulation of Airports in Latin America. - 19. Conclusion.