Dmitri Levitin is a Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford. He works on the history of pre-modern knowledge; his most recent monograph is entitled The Kingdom of Darkness (Cambridge, 2021).Ian Maclean is an Emeritus Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, and an honorary Professor of the University of St Andrews. He works on the intellectual traditions of the higher disciplines, and on book history. His most recent monograph is Episodes in the Life of the Early Modern Learned Book (Brill, 2020).

• List of FiguresIntroductionDmitri LevitinPART 1Secular Classical Scholarship1  National Traditions in ScholarshipThe French and Dutch Schools of Classical Scholarship at the Turn of the Eighteenth CenturyFloris Verhaart2 Sex and the ClassicsThe Approaches of Early Modern Humanists to Ancient SexualityKaren HollewandPART 2The Arts3 “Three Days and Three Nights in the Heart of the Earth”Chronological Debates over the Period of Christ’s Rest in the Tomb in the Fifteenth and Seventeenth CenturiesC. Philipp E. Nothaft4 The Early Modern Study of Ancient Measures in Comparative PerspectiveA Preliminary InvestigationCesare Pastorino5 The Pentateuch and the Immortality of the Soul in England and the Dutch RepublicThe Confessionalisation of a ClaimMichelle PfefferPART 3Medicine6 Sacred Medicine in Early Modern EuropeJetze Touber7 The Reception of Hippocrates by Physicians at the End of the Seventeenth CenturyA Comparative StudyIan MacleanPART 4Theology8 What’s in a Name? Essenes, Therapeutae, and Monks in the Christian Imagination, c.1500–1700Jan Machielsen9 Publishing a Prohibited CriticismRichard Simon, Pierre Bayle, and Erudition in Late Seventeenth-Century Intellectual CultureTimothy Twining10 European Scholarship on the Formation of the New Testament Canon, c.1700Polemic, Erudition, EmulationDmitri LevitinIndex