Michael Bernhard – författare

While the fall of the Berlin Wall is positively commemorated in the West, the intervening years have shown that the former Soviet Bloc has a more complicated view of its legacy. In post-communist Eastern Europe, the way people remember state socialism is closely intertwined with the manner in which they envision historical justice. Twenty Years After Communism is concerned with the explosion of a politics of memory triggered by the fall of state socialism in Eastern Europe, and it takes a comparative look at the ways that communism and its demise have been commemorated (or not commemorated) by major political actors across the region. The book is built on three premises. The first is that political actors always strive to come to terms with the history of their communities in order to generate a sense of order in their personal and collective lives. Second, new leaders sometimes find it advantageous to mete out justice on the politicians of abolished regimes, and whether and how they do so depends heavily on their interpretation and assessment of the collective past. Finally, remembering the past, particularly collectively, is always a political process, thus the politics of memory and commemoration needs to be studied as an integral part of the establishment of new collective identities and new principles of political legitimacy. Each chapter takes a detailed look at the commemorative ceremony of a different country of the former Soviet Bloc. Collectively the book looks at patterns of extrication from state socialism, patterns of ethnic and class conflict, the strategies of communist successor parties, and the cultural traditions of a given country that influence the way official collective memory is constructed.Twenty Years After Communism develops a new analytical and explanatory framework that helps readers to understand the utility of historical memory as an important and understudied part of democratization.

While the fall of the Berlin Wall is positively commemorated in the West, the intervening years have shown that the former Soviet Bloc has a more complicated view of its legacy. In post-communist Eastern Europe, the way people remember state socialism is closely intertwined with the manner in which they envision historical justice. Twenty Years After Communism is concerned with the explosion of a politics of memory triggered by the fall of state socialism in Eastern Europe, and it takes a comparative look at the ways that communism and its demise have been commemorated (or not commemorated) by major political actors across the region. The book is built on three premises. The first is that political actors always strive to come to terms with the history of their communities in order to generate a sense of order in their personal and collective lives. Second, new leaders sometimes find it advantageous to mete out justice on the politicians of abolished regimes, and whether and how they do so depends heavily on their interpretation and assessment of the collective past. Finally, remembering the past, particularly collectively, is always a political process, thus the politics of memory and commemoration needs to be studied as an integral part of the establishment of new collective identities and new principles of political legitimacy. Each chapter takes a detailed look at the commemorative ceremony of a different country of the former Soviet Bloc. Collectively the book looks at patterns of extrication from state socialism, patterns of ethnic and class conflict, the strategies of communist successor parties, and the cultural traditions of a given country that influence the way official collective memory is constructed.Twenty Years After Communism develops a new analytical and explanatory framework that helps readers to understand the utility of historical memory as an important and understudied part of democratization.

Since it first appeared in 1978, the Polish quarterly Krytyka (Critique) has been a showcase for some of the best writing on politics, sociology, cultural criticism, economics, and history from Poland. Founded by a group of oppositional activists that included Adam Michnik and Jacek Kuron, the journal began as an underground outlet for critical political thinking in the period prior to Solidarity. It survived the communist crackdown on Solidarity in 1981 to become the leading source of democratic thought in the new Poland. Today Krytyka is published ''above ground'' and continues to be the most consistent voice for a modern, democratic, and open Poland. The twenty articles in this volume were chosen by Michael Bernhard, Henryk Szlajfer, and Jan Kofman, the present editor-in-chief of Krytyka. Covering the underground and post-underground years, they introduce the reader to the full range of topics and political views presented by the journal. Taken together these articles provide an excellent overview of the last fifteen turbulent years of Polish history. Contributors are Marek Beylin, Ryszard Bugaj, Anna Bojarska, Krzysztof Jasiewicz, Stanisław Krajewski, Marcin Kula, Jacek Kuroń, Joanna Kurczewska, Adam Michnik, Edmund Mokrzycki, Piotr Ogrodzińki, Jerzy Osiatyński, Jerzy Surdykowski, Andrzej Werner, Włodzimierz Wesołowski, Jan Winiecki, Krzysztof Wolicki, and Józef Życiński.

Still the Age of Populism? investigates current conceptions of populism and its relevance across the globe. Using contextualized case studies, cross-national comparisons, and theoretical interventions, this volume addresses key conceptual debates in comparative politics and political sociology.This essential volume brings together scholars from different traditions in political sociology, political science and cultural studies, and comparativists and area experts working on Latin America, Western and Eastern Europe, and the US. Chapters in the book employ innovative theoretical approaches to study aspects of populism in global comparative perspective whilst regional case studies, including Brazil, Venezuela, Germany, and the US, are utilised to explore populism in geographically specific contexts. In doing so, the volume addresses the key issues for those seeking to understand contemporary populism. What are the advantages and limits of the category of populism to understand contemporary debates on democratization and processes of democratic erosion? Under what structural, institutional, and cultural conditions does populism emerge? Is populism the nemesis of democracy, its shadow, or a path to move beyond “liberal democracy” towards “real democracy”? What lessons does the history of past populist moment hold for our understanding of contemporary populist governance? Under what conditions have populists in office led to political polarization and democratic erosion? What comes after populism, and how do societies deal with its legacies?Still the Age of Populism? will be of interest to a broad audience of students and scholars of political sociology and comparative politics.

Still the Age of Populism? investigates current conceptions of populism and its relevance across the globe. Using contextualized case studies, cross-national comparisons, and theoretical interventions, this volume addresses key conceptual debates in comparative politics and political sociology.This essential volume brings together scholars from different traditions in political sociology, political science and cultural studies, and comparativists and area experts working on Latin America, Western and Eastern Europe, and the US. Chapters in the book employ innovative theoretical approaches to study aspects of populism in global comparative perspective whilst regional case studies, including Brazil, Venezuela, Germany, and the US, are utilised to explore populism in geographically specific contexts. In doing so, the volume addresses the key issues for those seeking to understand contemporary populism. What are the advantages and limits of the category of populism to understand contemporary debates on democratization and processes of democratic erosion? Under what structural, institutional, and cultural conditions does populism emerge? Is populism the nemesis of democracy, its shadow, or a path to move beyond “liberal democracy” towards “real democracy”? What lessons does the history of past populist moment hold for our understanding of contemporary populist governance? Under what conditions have populists in office led to political polarization and democratic erosion? What comes after populism, and how do societies deal with its legacies?Still the Age of Populism? will be of interest to a broad audience of students and scholars of political sociology and comparative politics.

This insightful book explores adult learning at the intersection of a rapidly changing world of work and society, and the personal, lived experiences of individuals navigating these shifts. It illuminates the social dimensions of adult learning in the contemporary era, highlighting the challenges and opportunities of being able to thrive in times of change.Each carefully curated chapter presents theoretical insights, empirical findings, and diverse perspectives on adult development across the life course, drawing from historical, cultural, and social contexts to enrich the discourse. Throughout, the authors explore the concept of “liquid modernity” as a lens to understand the complexities of learning and work, presenting innovative frameworks to rethink and redefine these interconnected dynamics. They challenge traditional assumptions about lifelong education and invite readers to see learning differently than it was understood in more predictable times. By focusing on the dynamic interplay between social contexts, life events, and lived experiences, the book provides a nuanced understanding of adult learning as a process shaped by the evolving demands of work and society.This book is an essential resource for researchers, educators, and policymakers, as well as anyone who supports adult learners. Offering profound insights into the ways adults navigate learning, work, and life transitions, it outlines a way to allow adults to flourish in an ever-changing world.The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY)] 4.0 license.

This insightful book explores adult learning at the intersection of a rapidly changing world of work and society, and the personal, lived experiences of individuals navigating these shifts. It illuminates the social dimensions of adult learning in the contemporary era, highlighting the challenges and opportunities of being able to thrive in times of change.Each carefully curated chapter presents theoretical insights, empirical findings, and diverse perspectives on adult development across the life course, drawing from historical, cultural, and social contexts to enrich the discourse. Throughout, the authors explore the concept of “liquid modernity” as a lens to understand the complexities of learning and work, presenting innovative frameworks to rethink and redefine these interconnected dynamics. They challenge traditional assumptions about lifelong education and invite readers to see learning differently than it was understood in more predictable times. By focusing on the dynamic interplay between social contexts, life events, and lived experiences, the book provides a nuanced understanding of adult learning as a process shaped by the evolving demands of work and society.This book is an essential resource for researchers, educators, and policymakers, as well as anyone who supports adult learners. Offering profound insights into the ways adults navigate learning, work, and life transitions, it outlines a way to allow adults to flourish in an ever-changing world.The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY)] 4.0 license.

Dieses Buch zeigt, wie Verfahren aus der Künstlichen Intelligenz in digitalen Verkaufsprozessen eingesetzt werden können, um dadurch die Personalisierung im Webshop zu verbessern und den Umsatz zu erhöhen. Die Autoren erläutern dies mit leicht verständlichen Texten und anschaulichen Bildern. Sie sensibilisieren zugleich für einen verantwortungsvollen Umgang mit den von der KI-generierten Daten. Ganz ohne mathematische Formeln bringen sie Ordnung in das Begriffs-Wirrwarr der verschiedenen KI-Verfahren, stellen die verschiedenen Ansätze verständlich dar und bringen sie schlüssig in die jeweiligen Zusammenhänge im E-Commerce. So geben sie eine Grundorientierung, um Künstliche-Intelligenz-Themen besser einordnen, beurteilen und anwenden zu können.Zielgruppe sind E-Commerce-Manager, die ihre Webshops mit Künstlicher Intelligenz optimieren wollen und dabei das Thema Daten auch kritisch hinterfragen und reflektieren.Aus dem Inhalt Die Grundlagen der Künstlichen Intelligenz einfach erklärtSelbstlernende Algorithmen: Künstliche neuronale Netze, Reinforcement Learning, Deep LearningWas beeinflusst die Güte eines Prognose-Modells?Welche Daten braucht Personalisierung?KI-Methoden und Datenmanagement im Einsatz für die PersonalisierungWas kommt noch? Trends in der Künstlichen Intelligenz KI und ihre Nebenwirkungen: Was macht das Ganze mit uns als Menschen?

Aus der Perspektive einer reflexiven Übergangsforschung, die sich für die Herstellung und Gestaltung von Übergängen interessiert, und mit einer Doing Migration Perspektive nimmt diese Studie das Lernen Erwachsener im Umgang mit Migrationsverhältnissen und die damit verbundenen Herausforderungen in den Blick.