U. Rajendra Acharya – författare

Therapeutic Engineering (TE) is a cutting-edge domain in today’s era of medical technology research. Through engineering algorithms that provide technological solutions, it aims to elevate the quality of life of disabled individuals. Advances in Therapeutic Engineering describes various therapeutic processes and mechanisms currently applied to the field of healthcare in a range of areas, including mobility, communications, hearing, vision, and mental health and cognition.The book explores research and advances in the areas of hand-eye coordination, motor function, the biomechanics of lower limbs, and treatment of spinal diseases and neural plasticity. It discusses electrical stimulation methodologies for improving human gait. It also examines prosthetic devices and assistive technology, induction heater-based treatment, and inclusive user modelling and simulation. Additional chapters cover automated asthma detection using clinico–spirometric information, computer-aided diagnostic modules for malaria screening, and various data mining techniques that have been developed and successfully implemented in healthcare management. The contributors also examine semantic interoperability issues in e-health systems and clinical decision support systems (CDSSs)Ranging from prosthetics to sensory substitution and medical robotics, the book will prove enlightening to researchers and practitioners in a host of disciplines who want to understand the recent advances achieved globally in the field of therapeutic engineering.

Advanced image processing and mathematical modeling techniques are increasingly being used for the early diagnosis of eye diseases. A comprehensive review of the field, Human Eye Imaging and Modeling details the latest advances and analytical techniques in ocular imaging and modeling. The first part of the book looks at imaging of the fundus as well as infrared imaging. It begins by exploring developments in the analysis of fundus images, particularly for the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. It also reviews anterior segment imaging and reports on developments in ocular thermography, especially the use of thermal imaging as the basis of tear evaporimetry and dry eye diagnosis.The second part of the book delves into mathematical modeling of the human eye. Coverage includes modeling of the eye during retinal laser surgery, a framework for optical simulation, heat distribution using a 3D web-splines solution, and exposure to laser radiation. The text also examines computer simulation of the human eye based on principles of heat transfer, as well as various bioheat equations to predict interior temperatures based on the surface temperature.Featuring contributions by established experts in eye imaging, this is a valuable reference for medical personnel and researchers who want to know more about state-of-the-art computer-based imaging and detection methods. It presents novel imaging and modeling algorithms that can aid in early diagnosis, with the aim of enriching the lives of people suffering from eye abnormalities.

Digital fundus images can effectively diagnose glaucoma and diabetes retinopathy, while infrared imaging can show changes in the vascular tissues. Likening the eye to the conventional camera, Image Analysis and Modeling in Ophthalmology explores the application of advanced image processing in ocular imaging. This book considers how images can be used to effectively diagnose ophthalmologic problems. It introduces multi-modality image processing algorithms as a means for analyzing subtle changes in the eye. It details eye imaging, textural imaging, and modeling, and highlights specific imaging and modeling techniques.The book covers the detection of diabetes retinopathy, glaucoma, anterior segment eye abnormalities, instruments on detection of glaucoma, and development of human eye models using computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer principles to predict inner temperatures of the eye from its surface temperature. It presents an ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) system for anterior chamber angle imaging and proposes an automated anterior segment eye disease classification system that can be used for early disease diagnosis and treatment management. It focuses on the segmentation of the blood vessels in high-resolution retinal images and describes the integration of the image processing methodologies in a web-based framework aimed at retinal analysis. The authors introduce the A-Levelset algorithm, explore the ARGALI system to calculate the cup-to-disc ratio (CDR), and describe the Singapore Eye Vessel Assessment (SIVA) system, a holistic tool which brings together various technologies from image processing and artificial intelligence to construct vascular models from retinal images. The text furnishes the working principles of mechanical and optical instruments for the diagnosis and healthcare administration of glaucoma, reviews state-of-the-art CDR calculation detail, and discusses the existing methods and databases. Image Analysis and Modeling in Ophthalmologyincludes the latest research development in the field of eye modeling and the multi-modality image processing techniques in ocular imaging. It addresses the differences, performance measures, advantages and disadvantages of various approaches, and provides extensive reviews on related fields.

Edited by and featuring contributions from world-class researchers, Ophthalmological Imaging and Applications offers a unified work of the latest human eye imaging and modeling techniques that have been proposed and applied to the diagnosis of ophthalmologic problems, including inflammation, cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. With a focus on theory, basic principles, and results derived from research, the book: Explores various morphological, textural, higher-order spectral, and wavelet transformation techniques used to extract salient features from images of the human eyeExamines 2D and 3D finite element and boundary element models of the human eye developed to simulate thermal steady-state conditionsAddresses the difficult task of benchmarking the validity of human eye imaging techniques and computer-simulated results with experimental measurementsIntended to be a companion to Image Analysis and Modeling in Ophthalmology, this volume covers several aspects of multimodal ophthalmological imaging and applications, presenting information in an accessible manner to appeal to a wide audience of students, researchers, and practitioners. Ophthalmological Imaging and Applications considers promising simulations that pave the way for new possibilities in computational methods for eye health care.

Advanced image processing and mathematical modeling techniques are increasingly being used for the early diagnosis of eye diseases. A comprehensive review of the field, Human Eye Imaging and Modeling details the latest advances and analytical techniques in ocular imaging and modeling. The first part of the book looks at imaging of the fundus as well as infrared imaging. It begins by exploring developments in the analysis of fundus images, particularly for the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. It also reviews anterior segment imaging and reports on developments in ocular thermography, especially the use of thermal imaging as the basis of tear evaporimetry and dry eye diagnosis.The second part of the book delves into mathematical modeling of the human eye. Coverage includes modeling of the eye during retinal laser surgery, a framework for optical simulation, heat distribution using a 3D web-splines solution, and exposure to laser radiation. The text also examines computer simulation of the human eye based on principles of heat transfer, as well as various bioheat equations to predict interior temperatures based on the surface temperature.Featuring contributions by established experts in eye imaging, this is a valuable reference for medical personnel and researchers who want to know more about state-of-the-art computer-based imaging and detection methods. It presents novel imaging and modeling algorithms that can aid in early diagnosis, with the aim of enriching the lives of people suffering from eye abnormalities.

Therapeutic Engineering (TE) is a cutting-edge domain in today’s era of medical technology research. Through engineering algorithms that provide technological solutions, it aims to elevate the quality of life of disabled individuals. Advances in Therapeutic Engineering describes various therapeutic processes and mechanisms currently applied to the field of healthcare in a range of areas, including mobility, communications, hearing, vision, and mental health and cognition.The book explores research and advances in the areas of hand-eye coordination, motor function, the biomechanics of lower limbs, and treatment of spinal diseases and neural plasticity. It discusses electrical stimulation methodologies for improving human gait. It also examines prosthetic devices and assistive technology, induction heater-based treatment, and inclusive user modelling and simulation. Additional chapters cover automated asthma detection using clinico–spirometric information, computer-aided diagnostic modules for malaria screening, and various data mining techniques that have been developed and successfully implemented in healthcare management. The contributors also examine semantic interoperability issues in e-health systems and clinical decision support systems (CDSSs)Ranging from prosthetics to sensory substitution and medical robotics, the book will prove enlightening to researchers and practitioners in a host of disciplines who want to understand the recent advances achieved globally in the field of therapeutic engineering.

​Diagnostic and pre-operative imaging has become increasingly adopted throughout the field of gynecology. In particular accurate preoperative analysis of ovarian pathology can improve the selection of the correct therapeutical approach, to reduce the length of operations, maximize surgical technique, and can ultimately improve a range of operative outcomes. New imaging modalities have advanced to the point of high resolution, three-dimensional analysis of tissue anatomy, composition and perfusion. Ultrasonography (US), Computed tomographic (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging have recently emerged as outstanding non-invasive techniques for the detection and characterization of ovarian pathology. In particular, US has probably now imposed itself as the “state-of-the-art” technique to explore the ovarian neoplasm, thanks the technical advancement like texture analysis (MGV) and 3D potentialities, although MR with new sequences like the diffusion-weighted imaging and greater magnetic fields (3 Tesla or more) may become leading methods in the future. The purpose of this book is to cover all the imaging techniques, potential for applying such imaging clinically, and to offer present and future applications as applied to ovarian pathology with the most world renowned scientists in these fields. The book is designed according to the pathological classification of the benign and malignant ovarian neoplasm by presenting for each pathology the clinical setting followed by the imaging approach. At the end of each chapter a “focus concept” paragraph will be presented with take-home point for the readers.

Edited by and featuring contributions from world-class researchers, Ophthalmological Imaging and Applications offers a unified work of the latest human eye imaging and modeling techniques that have been proposed and applied to the diagnosis of ophthalmologic problems, including inflammation, cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. With a focus on theory, basic principles, and results derived from research, the book: Explores various morphological, textural, higher-order spectral, and wavelet transformation techniques used to extract salient features from images of the human eyeExamines 2D and 3D finite element and boundary element models of the human eye developed to simulate thermal steady-state conditionsAddresses the difficult task of benchmarking the validity of human eye imaging techniques and computer-simulated results with experimental measurementsIntended to be a companion to Image Analysis and Modeling in Ophthalmology, this volume covers several aspects of multimodal ophthalmological imaging and applications, presenting information in an accessible manner to appeal to a wide audience of students, researchers, and practitioners. Ophthalmological Imaging and Applications considers promising simulations that pave the way for new possibilities in computational methods for eye health care.

Digital fundus images can effectively diagnose glaucoma and diabetes retinopathy, while infrared imaging can show changes in the vascular tissues. Likening the eye to the conventional camera, Image Analysis and Modeling in Ophthalmology explores the application of advanced image processing in ocular imaging. This book considers how images can be used to effectively diagnose ophthalmologic problems. It introduces multi-modality image processing algorithms as a means for analyzing subtle changes in the eye. It details eye imaging, textural imaging, and modeling, and highlights specific imaging and modeling techniques.The book covers the detection of diabetes retinopathy, glaucoma, anterior segment eye abnormalities, instruments on detection of glaucoma, and development of human eye models using computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer principles to predict inner temperatures of the eye from its surface temperature. It presents an ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) system for anterior chamber angle imaging and proposes an automated anterior segment eye disease classification system that can be used for early disease diagnosis and treatment management. It focuses on the segmentation of the blood vessels in high-resolution retinal images and describes the integration of the image processing methodologies in a web-based framework aimed at retinal analysis. The authors introduce the A-Levelset algorithm, explore the ARGALI system to calculate the cup-to-disc ratio (CDR), and describe the Singapore Eye Vessel Assessment (SIVA) system, a holistic tool which brings together various technologies from image processing and artificial intelligence to construct vascular models from retinal images. The text furnishes the working principles of mechanical and optical instruments for the diagnosis and healthcare administration of glaucoma, reviews state-of-the-art CDR calculation detail, and discusses the existing methods and databases. Image Analysis and Modeling in Ophthalmologyincludes the latest research development in the field of eye modeling and the multi-modality image processing techniques in ocular imaging. It addresses the differences, performance measures, advantages and disadvantages of various approaches, and provides extensive reviews on related fields.

​Diagnostic and pre-operative imaging has become increasingly adopted throughout the field of gynecology. In particular accurate preoperative analysis of ovarian pathology can improve the selection of the correct therapeutical approach, to reduce the length of operations, maximize surgical technique, and can ultimately improve a range of operative outcomes. New imaging modalities have advanced to the point of high resolution, three-dimensional analysis of tissue anatomy, composition and perfusion. Ultrasonography (US), Computed tomographic (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging have recently emerged as outstanding non-invasive techniques for the detection and characterization of ovarian pathology. In particular, US has probably now imposed itself as the “state-of-the-art” technique to explore the ovarian neoplasm, thanks the technical advancement like texture analysis (MGV) and 3D potentialities, although MR with new sequences like the diffusion-weighted imaging and greater magnetic fields (3 Tesla or more) may become leading methods in the future. The purpose of this book is to cover all the imaging techniques, potential for applying such imaging clinically, and to offer present and future applications as applied to ovarian pathology with the most world renowned scientists in these fields. The book is designed according to the pathological classification of the benign and malignant ovarian neoplasm by presenting for each pathology the clinical setting followed by the imaging approach. At the end of each chapter a “focus concept” paragraph will be presented with take-home point for the readers.

Various disciplines have been bene?ted by the advent of high-performance computing in achieving practical solutions to their problems and the area of health care is no exception to this. Signal processing and data mining tools have been developed to enhance the computational capabilities so as to help clinicians in diagnosis and treatment. The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a representative signal containing inf- mation about the condition of the heart. The shape and size of the P-QRS-T wave and the time intervals between various peaks contains useful infor- tion about the nature of disease a?icting the heart. However, the human - server cannot directly monitor these subtle details. Besides, since biosignals are highly subjective, the symptoms may appear at random in the timescale. The presence of cardiac abnormalities are generally re?ected in the shape of ECG waveform and heart rate. However, by the very nature of biosignals, this re?ection would be random in the timescale. That is, the diseases may not show up all the time, but would manifest at certain irregular (random) intervals during the day. Therefore the study of ECG pattern and heart rate variability has to be carried out over extended periods of time (i. e. , for 24 hours). Naturally the volume of the data to be handled is enormous and its study is tedious and time consuming. As a consequence, the possibility of the analyst missing (or misreading) vital information is high.

Various disciplines have been bene?ted by the advent of high-performance computing in achieving practical solutions to their problems and the area of health care is no exception to this. Signal processing and data mining tools have been developed to enhance the computational capabilities so as to help clinicians in diagnosis and treatment. The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a representative signal containing inf- mation about the condition of the heart. The shape and size of the P-QRS-T wave and the time intervals between various peaks contains useful infor- tion about the nature of disease a?icting the heart. However, the human - server cannot directly monitor these subtle details. Besides, since biosignals are highly subjective, the symptoms may appear at random in the timescale. The presence of cardiac abnormalities are generally re?ected in the shape of ECG waveform and heart rate. However, by the very nature of biosignals, this re?ection would be random in the timescale. That is, the diseases may not show up all the time, but would manifest at certain irregular (random) intervals during the day. Therefore the study of ECG pattern and heart rate variability has to be carried out over extended periods of time (i. e. , for 24 hours). Naturally the volume of the data to be handled is enormous and its study is tedious and time consuming. As a consequence, the possibility of the analyst missing (or misreading) vital information is high.

The book is a unique effort to represent a variety of techniques designed to represent, enhance, and empower multi-disciplinary and multi-institutional machine learning research in healthcare informatics. The book provides a unique compendium of current and emerging machine learning paradigms for healthcare informatics and reflects the diversity, complexity and the depth and breath of this multi-disciplinary area. The integrated, panoramic view of data and machine learning techniques can provide an opportunity for novel clinical insights and discoveries.

The book is a unique effort to represent a variety of techniques designed to represent, enhance, and empower multi-disciplinary and multi-institutional machine learning research in healthcare informatics. The book provides a unique compendium of current and emerging machine learning paradigms for healthcare informatics and reflects the diversity, complexity and the depth and breath of this multi-disciplinary area. The integrated, panoramic view of data and machine learning techniques can provide an opportunity for novel clinical insights and discoveries.

The book proposes new technologies and discusses innovative solutions to various problems in the field of communication, circuits, and systems, as reflected in high-quality papers presented at International Conference on Communication, Circuits, and Systems (IC3S 2020) held at KIIT, Bhubaneswar, India from 16 – 18 October 2020.