Ugo Pagallo - Böcker

This volume provides a unique perspective on an emerging area of scholarship and legislative concern: the law, policy, and regulation of human-robot interaction (HRI). The increasing intelligence and human-likeness of social robots points to a challenging future for determining appropriate laws, policies, and regulations related to the design and use of AI robots. Japan, China, South Korea, and the US, along with the European Union, Australia and other countries are beginning to determine how to regulate AI-enabled robots, which concerns not only the law, but also issues of public policy and dilemmas of applied ethics affected by our personal interactions with social robots. The volume's interdisciplinary approach dissects both the specificities of multiple jurisdictions and the moral and legal challenges posed by human-like robots. As robots become more like us, so too will HRI raise issues triggered by human interactions with other people.

The field of artificial intelligence has made tremendous advances in the last few decades, but as smart as AI is now, it is getting exponentially smarter and becoming more autonomous in its actions. This raises a host of challenges to current legal doctrine, including whether the output of AI entities should count as 'speech', the extent to which AI should be regulated under antitrust and criminal law statutes, and whether AI should be considered an independent agent and responsible for its actions under the law of tort or agency. Containing chapters written by leading U.S., EU, and International law scholars, the Research Handbook presents current law, statutes, and regulations on the role of law in an age of increasingly smart AI, addressing issues of law that are critical to the evolution of AI and its role in society. To provide a broad coverage of the topic, the Research Handbook draws upon free speech doctrine, criminal law, issues of data protection and privacy, legal rights for increasingly smart AI systems, and a discussion of jurisdiction for AI entities that will not be 'content' to stay within the geographical boundaries of any nation state or be tied to a particular physical location. Using numerous examples and case studies, the chapter authors discuss the political and jurisdictional decisions that will have to be made as AI proliferates into society and transforms our government and social institutions. The Research Handbook will also introduce designers of artificially intelligent systems to the legal issues that apply to the make-up and use of AI from the technologies, algorithms, and analytical techniques. This essential guide to the U.S., EU, and other International law, regulations, and statutes which apply to the emerging field of 'law and AI' will be a valuable reference for scholars and students interested in information and intellectual property law, privacy, and data protection as well as to legal theorists and social scientists who write about the future direction and implications of AI. The Research Handbook will also serve as an important reference for legal practitioners in different jurisdictions who may litigate disputes involving AI, and to computer scientists and engineers actively involved in the design and use of the next generation of AI systems.Contributors include: W. Barfield, S. Bayern, S.J. Blodgett-Ford, R.G.A. Bone, T. Burri, A. Chin, J.A. Cubert, M. de Cock Buning, S. De Conca, S-.A. Elvy, A. Ezrachi, R. Leenes, Y. Lev-Aretz, A.R. Lodder, R.P. Loui, T.M. Massaro, L.T. McCarty, J.O. McGinnis, F. Moslein, H. Norton, N. Packin, U. Pagallo, S. Quattrocolo, W. Samore, F. Shimpo, M.E. Stucke, R. van den Hoven van Genderen, L. Vertinsky, A. von Ungern-Sternberg, J.F. Weaver, Y-.H. Weng, I. Wildhaber

This second edition provides a broad range of perspectives on the legal implications of artificial intelligence (AI) across different global jurisdictions. Contributors identify the potential threats that AI poses to the protection of fundamental rights and human wellbeing, anticipating future developments in technological and legal infrastructures.Providing critical insights into risk-based regulations and governance, leading experts discuss the rapid growth in AI’s computational ability and the implications of its usage in consumer finance, law enforcement, business law and taxation. Chapters examine the rise of artificial creativity, the impact of AI on evidence inspection and criminal accountability, as well as the importance of responsible usage in the ever-changing AI landscape. Covering authorship, patents and copyright law as potential sites for misuse, this Research Handbook challenges notions of consumer autonomy and civil liability relating to damage caused by AI.This Research Handbook will be an essential reference source for students and scholars interested in AI law and regulation and will greatly benefit practising attorneys and regulators of technology.

This book maps out the moral, legal and societal issues brought forth by the use of autonomous systems such as AI and smart robots in outer space. Humanity is on the brink of a new space era in which projects for permanent human colonies on the Moon and space missions with autonomous AI systems will soon become a reality. Principles and provisions of international space law fall increasingly short in tackling this scenario. Experts and institutions have recommended improvements to the legal framework, such as new international agreements, or policies that would not require any amendment to conventional law. Most of the time, such proposals and recommendations overlook the challenges posed by technology and how autonomous and intelligent systems in outer space require moral and legal standards of their own. This book argues that the traditional focus on satellite communications, space-related services, and the appropriability of celestial resources needs to be integrated by new laws of outer space regulating cybersecurity law and environmental law, data governance and consumer protection. The new laws of outer space will increasingly concern the development of new standards for the behaviour and decision-making of AI systems and smart robots, with and without humans aboard deep space missions and in next-generation colonies.What laws shall govern us out there, in a new terra incognita? This is the question that the book sets out to answer.

This book maps out the moral, legal and societal issues brought forth by the use of autonomous systems such as AI and smart robots in outer space. Humanity is on the brink of a new space era in which projects for permanent human colonies on the Moon and space missions with autonomous AI systems will soon become a reality. Principles and provisions of international space law fall increasingly short in tackling this scenario. Experts and institutions have recommended improvements to the legal framework, such as new international agreements, or policies that would not require any amendment to conventional law. Most of the time, such proposals and recommendations overlook the challenges posed by technology and how autonomous and intelligent systems in outer space require moral and legal standards of their own. This book argues that the traditional focus on satellite communications, space-related services, and the appropriability of celestial resources needs to be integrated by new laws of outer space regulating cybersecurity law and environmental law, data governance and consumer protection. The new laws of outer space will increasingly concern the development of new standards for the behaviour and decision-making of AI systems and smart robots, with and without humans aboard deep space missions and in next-generation colonies.What laws shall govern us out there, in a new terra incognita? This is the question that the book sets out to answer.

The field of artificial intelligence has made tremendous advances in the last few decades, but as smart as AI is now, it is getting exponentially smarter and becoming more autonomous in its actions. This raises a host of challenges to current legal doctrine, including whether the output of AI entities should count as 'speech', the extent to which AI should be regulated under antitrust and criminal law statutes, and whether AI should be considered an independent agent and responsible for its actions under the law of tort or agency. Containing chapters written by leading U.S., EU, and International law scholars, the Research Handbook presents current law, statutes, and regulations on the role of law in an age of increasingly smart AI, addressing issues of law that are critical to the evolution of AI and its role in society. To provide a broad coverage of the topic, the Research Handbook draws upon free speech doctrine, criminal law, issues of data protection and privacy, legal rights for increasingly smart AI systems, and a discussion of jurisdiction for AI entities that will not be 'content' to stay within the geographical boundaries of any nation state or be tied to a particular physical location. Using numerous examples and case studies, the chapter authors discuss the political and jurisdictional decisions that will have to be made as AI proliferates into society and transforms our government and social institutions. The Research Handbook will also introduce designers of artificially intelligent systems to the legal issues that apply to the make-up and use of AI from the technologies, algorithms, and analytical techniques. This essential guide to the U.S., EU, and other International law, regulations, and statutes which apply to the emerging field of 'law and AI' will be a valuable reference for scholars and students interested in information and intellectual property law, privacy, and data protection as well as to legal theorists and social scientists who write about the future direction and implications of AI. The Research Handbook will also serve as an important reference for legal practitioners in different jurisdictions who may litigate disputes involving AI, and to computer scientists and engineers actively involved in the design and use of the next generation of AI systems.Contributors include: W. Barfield, S. Bayern, S.J. Blodgett-Ford, R.G.A. Bone, T. Burri, A. Chin, J.A. Cubert, M. de Cock Buning, S. De Conca, S-.A. Elvy, A. Ezrachi, R. Leenes, Y. Lev-Aretz, A.R. Lodder, R.P. Loui, T.M. Massaro, L.T. McCarty, J.O. McGinnis, F. Moslein, H. Norton, N. Packin, U. Pagallo, S. Quattrocolo, W. Samore, F. Shimpo, M.E. Stucke, R. van den Hoven van Genderen, L. Vertinsky, A. von Ungern-Sternberg, J.F. Weaver, Y-.H. Weng, I. Wildhaber

Elgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences and law, expertly written by the world's leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas.Woodrow Barfield and Ugo Pagallo present a succinct introduction to the legal issues related to the design and use of artificial intelligence (AI). Exploring human rights, constitutional law, data protection, criminal law, tort law, and intellectual property law, they consider the laws of a number of jurisdictions including the US, the European Union, Japan, and China, making reference to case law and statutes.Key features include:a critical insight into human rights and constitutional law issues which may be affected by the use of AIdiscussion of the concept of legal personhood and how the law might respond as AI evolves in intelligencean introduction to current laws and statutes which apply to AI and an identification of the areas where future challenges to the law may arise.This Advanced Introduction is ideal for law and social science students with an interest in how the law applies to AI. It also provides a useful entry point for legal practitioners seeking an understanding of this emerging field.

Elgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences and law, expertly written by the world's leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas.Woodrow Barfield and Ugo Pagallo present a succinct introduction to the legal issues related to the design and use of artificial intelligence (AI). Exploring human rights, constitutional law, data protection, criminal law, tort law, and intellectual property law, they consider the laws of a number of jurisdictions including the US, the European Union, Japan, and China, making reference to case law and statutes.Key features include:a critical insight into human rights and constitutional law issues which may be affected by the use of AIdiscussion of the concept of legal personhood and how the law might respond as AI evolves in intelligencean introduction to current laws and statutes which apply to AI and an identification of the areas where future challenges to the law may arise.This Advanced Introduction is ideal for law and social science students with an interest in how the law applies to AI. It also provides a useful entry point for legal practitioners seeking an understanding of this emerging field.

This book includes revised selected papers from five International Workshops on Artificial Intelligence Approaches to the Complexity of Legal Systems, AICOL VI to AICOL X, held during 2015-2017: AICOL VI in Braga, Portugal, in December 2015 as part of JURIX 2015;

This book includes revised selected papers from the International Workshops on AI Approaches to the Complexity of Legal Systems, AICOL-XI@JURIX2018, held in Groningen, The Netherlands, on December 12, 2018;

The monograph provides coverage of an extensive history of Western thought by distinguishing two kinds of ‘legal monsters’: those as objects of legal regulations, as well as those as a source of criticism. The claim in this volume is twofold. On the one hand, drawing on the Roman law’s notion of ‘monstrum vel prodigium’, the assumption is that the formula should be considered as legally defunct nowadays.  On the other, it represents a powerful metaphor of legal criticism insofar as it is supported by a strong philosophical framework and robust arguments from positive law. The book’s analysis both provides this framework and makes it operational. The idea of ‘legal monsters’ remains a powerful tool of criticism that, as handed down by a thousand-year-old tradition, demands attention even today.  This is becoming all the more apparent in that there is no shortage of such legal cases.  This volume appeals to students and researchers working in philosophy, law, and political science.

The De Gruyter Handbook on Law and Digital Technologies provides a comprehensive, accessible and thought-provoking guide to the current and future regulation of digital technologies. It addresses key legal challenges such as reconceptualizing crucial, deep-rooted notions, including those of person, autonomy, democracy, the rule of law, sovereignty, constitutionalism and governance. The handbook proposes critical explorations of the potential impact of digital technologies on new and traditional forms of governance and regulation across different and competitive normative perspectives such as law, economy, social norms and legal design. In this framework, it addresses the societal transformations brought about by digital technologies, the legal means for regulating the field, and the impact of governance in areas such as fintech, sustainability, outer space, or healthcare.

topology, since the set of nodes with highest degree represents the main core of thetaxonomywith the shortestaveragedistance-concepts.The domainofmul- system and multi-lingual ontologies o?ers the opportunity to integrate arti?cial intelligence not only with legal theory,but also with further, more empirical and comparative, legal studies. The relation of legal ontologies, multi-agent systems, and distributed n- works, is only one, albeit important, among many other examples of research in AI and law. The aim of the AICOL workshops is thus to o?er e?ective support for the exchange of knowledge and methodological approaches between scholars from di?erent scienti?c ?elds, by highlighting their similarities and di?erences. The comparison of multiple formal approaches to the law-such as logical m- els, cognitive theories, argumentation frameworks, graph theory, game theory, as well as opposite perspectives like the internal and the external viewpoints- should stress possible convergences, as for instance in the realms of conc- tual structures, argumentation schemes, emergent behaviors,learning evolution, adaptation, and simulation.WewouldliketothanktheAICOLreviewersandtheOrganizingCommittees oftheJURIX2009andIVR2009conferences.WewouldalsoliketothankAlfred Hofmann for being so sensitive to the main AICOL idea. The following projects allowed the conception and organization of the research workshops, and the edition of this ?rst volume: CSO-2008-05536-SOCI, TSI-020110-2009-39, TSI- 020110-2009-374, TSI-020501-2008-131, TSI-020100-2008-134, and JLS-28002- CFP-CJ-08.

The inspiring idea of this workshop series, Artificial Intelligence Approaches to the Complexity of Legal Systems (AICOL), is to develop models of legal knowledge concerning organization, structure, and content in order to promote mutual understanding and communication between different systems and cultures. Complexity and complex systems describe recent developments in AI and law, legal theory, argumentation, the Semantic Web, and multi-agent systems. Multisystem and multilingual ontologies provide an important opportunity to integrate different trends of research in AI and law, including comparative legal studies. Complexity theory, graph theory, game theory, and any other contributions from the mathematical disciplines can help both to formalize the dynamics of legal systems and to capture relations among norms. Cognitive science can help the modeling of legal ontology by taking into account not only the formal features of law but also social behaviour, psychology, and cultural factors. This book is thus meant to support scholars in different areas of science in sharing knowledge and methodological approaches. This volume collects the contributions to the workshop's third edition, which took place as part of the 25th IVR congress of Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy, held in Frankfurt, Germany, in August 2011. This volume comprises six main parts devoted to the each of the six topics addressed in the workshop, namely: models for the legal system ethics and the regulation of ICT, legal knowledge management, legal information for open access, software agent systems in the legal domain, as well as legal language and legal ontology.

This book constitutes revised selected papers from the two International Workshops on Artificial Intelligence Approaches to the Complexity of Legal Systems, AICOL IV and AICOL V, held in 2013. The first took place as part of the 26th IVR Congress in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, during July 21-27, 2013; the second was held in Bologna as a joint special workshop of JURIX 2013 on December 11, 2013. The 19 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in this book. They are organized in topical sections named: social intelligence and legal conceptual models; legal theory, normative systems and software agents; semantic Web technologies, legal ontologies and argumentation; and crowdsourcing and online dispute resolution (ODR).

This book explores ways that robot technology may affect legal systems in matters of responsibility and agency in criminal law, contractual obligations and torts. Discusses robot soldiers in battle, robo-trading of securities and service robots in torts law.