Lodz Studies in Language – serie

The book presents an application of inductive and deductive research modes in an analysis of political discourse. The discussion is illustrated with text samples from inaugural addresses of US presidents and various speeches given by prominent NATO politicians. It is argued that both analytic approaches have their inherent inadequacies, which poses a need for an integrated research mode. Also, numerous observations are made about the rhetoric of the analyzed text types.

Scholarship in language and the law is these days developing at an unprecedented rate, as the academic presence and social impact of the field are becoming more and more significant in an ever growing number of national environments. This collection offers a glimpse into the work of scholars investigating the ways in which legal substance intersects with language description in a variety of legal and linguistic systems worldwide. The 23 contributions from linguists and lawyers working in 19 countries on five continents investigate aspects of multilingualism, legal translation and interpreting, legal and courtroom discourse, statutory interpretation, police interviews, trade name semantics and forensic linguistics.

Contents: Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk: PALC 2007: Where are we now? – Paul Rayson/Dawn Archer/Alistair Baron/Nicholas Smith: Travelling through time with corpus annotation software – Eugene H. Casad: Parsing texts and compiling a dictionary with shoebox – Belinda Maia/Rui Silva/Anabela Barreiro/Cecília Fróis: ‘N-grams in search of theories’ – Piotr Pęzik/Jung-jae Kim/Dietrich Rebholz-Schuhmann: MedEvi - A permuted concordancer for the biomedical domain – Patrick Hanks: Why the «word sense disambiguation problem» can’t be solved, and what should be done instead – Rafał

Contents: Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk/Katarzyna Dziwirek: Emergence of Cognitive Corpus Linguistics – Piotr Pęzik: Extraction of multiword expressions for corpus-based discourse analysis – Galina I. Kustova/Olga N. Lashevskaja/Elena V. Paducheva/Ekaterina V. Rakhilina: Verb Taxonomy: From theoretical lexical semantics to practice of corpus tagging – Karen Sullivan: Grammatical constructions in metaphoric language – Monika Kopytowska: Corpus linguistics and an eclectic approach to the study of news - the mechanism of framing – Hanna Pułaczewska: Syntactic reduplication as an ironically-driven pragmatic principle in the spoken language –

Contents: Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk: Translation studies: Cognitive linguistics and corpora – Marcel Thelen: Translation studies: Terminology in theory and practice – Jeanne Dancette: Understanding translators’ understanding – Kinga Klaudy: Specification and generalisation of meaning in translation – Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk: Re-conceptualization and the emergence of discourse meaning as a theory of translation – Wolfgang Lörscher: Form- and sense-oriented approaches to translation revisited – Peter Newmark: Translation and culture (dedicated now to the dear memory of a fine translation teacher and translation critic Gunilla Anderson) – Christiane Nord: Text function and meaning in Skopos-oriented translation – Anthony Pym: Discursive persons and the limits of translation – Mary Snell-Hornby: Word against text. Lexical semantics and translation theory (Revisited) – Sonja Tirkkonen-Condit: Prototype definition of translation revisited – Gideon Toury: What’s the problem with ‘translation problem’? – Christiane Fellbaum: Translating with a semantic net: Matching words and concepts – Ernst-August Gutt: Relevance: A key to quality assessment in translation – Mildred Larson: Translating secondary functions of grammatical structure – Adrienne Lehrer: Problems in the translation of creative neologisms – Albrecht Neubert: Translation contextualised. How electronic text worlds are revolutionising the context of translation – Eugene Nida: Future trends in the Bible translating – Rita Temmerman: Why special language translators need insight into the mechanisms of metaphorical models and figurative denominations – Marcel Thelen: Translating figurative language revisited: Towards a framework for the interpretation of the image behind figurative language as a first step in the translation process – Anna Bednarczyk: Intersemiotic dominant of translation – Łukasz Bogucki: The demise of voice-over? Audiovisual translation in Poland in the 21st century – Mona Baker: Linguistics and the training of translators and interpreters – Belinda Maia: The role of translation theory in the teaching of general and non-literary translation – revisited.ÿ

The papers in this collection discuss broadly understood cognitive turns in the philosophy of language, inspired by the Chomskyan revolution in linguistics, Langacker’s and Lakoff’s Cognitive Linguistics, but also phenomenology, Relevance Theory and Classical Indian Philosophy. The individual texts investigate, from different angles, the relations between philosophy of language and linguistics, and contribute to the development of theoretical frameworks for studying language. Most of the contributions were presented at the first International Conference on Philosophy of Language and Linguistics, PhiLang2009 (University of Łódź, May 2009).

The book offers a general and up-to-date overview of the wider discipline of Audiovisual Translation (AVT), including practices such as accessibility to the media. The innovative and exciting articles by well-known authors offer a comprehensive selection of topics for discussion and reflection that will appeal to students, lecturers, researchers and professionals alike, and indeed to anyone concerned about the way in which translation is carried out in the audiovisual media.

Translators, law students or legal professionals who begin to deal with legal language face a bewildering variety of legal writings. Even though legal language has been examined from a multitude of perspectives, there are virtually no studies explicitly addressing variation in legal English in terms of recurrent linguistic patterns. This book is a first step towards filling this gap. It provides a corpus-based linguistic description of variation among several selected legal genres, including vocabulary distribution and use (keywords), extended lexical expressions (lexical bundles), and lexico-syntactic co-occurrence patterns (multidimensional analysis). The findings are interpreted in functional terms in an attempt to provide an overall characterization of the most commonly encountered types of legal language.

This book contains discussions of a broad range of issues of the relation between language and cognition, inspired mainly by recent developments in Cognitive Linguistics. The individual texts discuss, from various perspectives, conceptual strategies, verbal memory, syntax, semantics, linguistic segmentation, non-verbal communication, linguistic categorization, language learning, speech disorders, as well as applications of Cognitive Linguistics to the study of literature. The volume is a fresh contribution to the growing body of research in Cognitive Linguistics and the study of various cognitive processes in language.

The book’s principal argument is that the concepts of Cognitive Linguistics offer considerable explanatory potential which can be systematically used in accounts of translation, and especially of subtitling as its more specifically constrained audiovisual mode. Authentic English-to-Polish subtitling data are explored to uncover patterns of construal reconfiguration which can be categorised with the use of cognitive semantic constructs. The author also examines other hypotheses: spatio-temporal constraints, for example, do not always directly account for the reductionist alterations of the source text in subtitling. Also, target construals need not display lower granularity levels than original construals and granularity can de facto be boosted via subtitling. And last, but not least, the conventionalisation of language structures used in subtitles can be higher than that of the original expressions.

«Bringing together specialists from linguistics, psychology and philosophy, the book offers an exciting collection of papers assessing the conceptual representation of emotion and the conceptual relationship between emotion and language. The specific issues addressed include the analyses, based on corpus and cross-linguistic methodologies, of emotions such as pride, guilt, hope, despair, satisfaction, fear and anger in a number of languages, and how language shapes socialisation practices, such as in bilinguals. Finally, it provides good examples of the methods – from metaphor analysis to experimental studies – used to achieve a better understanding of the complexity and multi-dimensionality of the conceptualisation of emotion and the emotion-language relationship. Researchers and advanced students are likely to find this book an important reference work.» (Vanda L. Zammuner, University of Padova, Italy)

This volume contains papers which reflect current discussions in the study of speech actions. The collection was inspired by the papers presented at Meaning, Context and Cognition, the first international conference integrating cognitive linguistics and pragmatics initiated by the Department of English Language and Applied Linguistics of the University of Łódź (Poland) in 2011 and held annually. The necessarily heterogeneous field of research into speech actions is approached by the contributors from various perspectives and with focus on different types of data. The papers have been grouped into four sections which subsequently emphasise theoretical linguistics issues, lexical pragmatics, speech act-theoretic problems, and cognitive processes.

Culture and language provide two essential frameworks to deal with the concept of time. They view time as observer-determined and thus shed light on multiple and often conflicting temporalities we live in, think, and talk about. Relying on empirical methods, the book explores linguistic and psychological parameters of time perception and conceptualization. It deals, among others, with temporal aspects of language acquisition, neural mechanisms of memory and attention, as well as event structures. Further chapters focus on the understanding of time in philosophy, literature, the arts, and non-verbal communication.

This book is a collection of articles covering the theme of interaction. Interaction combines two crucial elements: the intrapersonal and the interpersonal. Accordingly, the authors approach this issue from two complementary perspectives: from the internal and external or cognitive and social perspective. The papers that take the former perspective focus on cognitive bases of interaction, on the representation of motion, on metaphor and metonymy, or gestures, perception and cognition. The topic that dominates the papers that take the social stance towards the topic of interaction is identity. By applying a variety of new analytical tools and concepts, the authors show how we build images of ourselves through language, how society and institutions mould us into different categories, and how we negotiate our membership of these categories.

This book shows the evolution of the Concise Oxford Dictionary, a famous and innovative dictionary for native speakers of English. It traces changes in the dictionary from 1911 to recent times. By comparing samples from each edition, the author provides insights into the revisions of the dictionary. The analysis sheds light on the editors’ policy on various aspects of the dictionary’s structure, including definition style, vocabulary selection and sense discrimination. The study shows how the editors abandoned the telegraphic style of definitions and adapted them to the needs of the target users. As the dictionary evolved towards greater user-friendliness, it also aimed at broader vocabulary coverage.

Audiovisual translation continues to be a dynamically developing genre, stimulated by interdisciplinary research and technological advances. This volume presents recent developments in the area. Renowned scholars in the field discuss aspects of captioning, revoicing and accessibility, as well as research methods such as eyetracking. The discussion occasionally departs from the confines of audiovisual translation proper, to tackle related areas such as translation for advertising purposes.

The papers reflect on «visions» and «revisions» of selected theoretical and applied linguistic issues. Methodologically, they all reflect and contribute to the polarization between form- and substance-oriented approaches that are typically identified with, respectively, structural and functional paradigms. The diversity of standpoints exemplified and the divergence of operational tools employed make the volume a representative spectrum of the on-going developments in how language is conceptualized and analyzed as both an abstract entity and as a medium of communication, language teaching and learning included. For this reason, the readers will find as much of structural considerations as of functional reflections and practical applications.

«Empirical Methods in Language Studies» presents 22 papers employing a broad range of empirical methods in the analysis of various aspects of language and communication. The individual texts offer contributions to the description of conceptual strategies, syntax, semantics, non-verbal communication, language learning, discourse, and literature.

This volume has its origins in an international conference on emotions organized by the Polish Association for the Study of English and held at the University of Wrocaw in April 2015. In the course of the conference, it became clear that emotions are productively explored with relation to motion for the reason that emotion(s) and motion(s) constitute profoundly intertwined dimensions of physical and cultural embodiment reflected in language. The relationship between motion(s) and emotion(s) became the underlying theme of this volume, which comprises nineteen contributions presenting exploratory and applicative accounts of (e)motion(s) situated in topical research areas of linguistic theory, second language acquisition, and translation studies.

«The volume reflects latest trends and developments in the field of translator and interpreter training research, reconciling both theoretical and empirical approaches. The strength of the edited volume lies in its thematic and conceptual consistency, presentation and application of a variety of innovative methodologies and approaches and providing interesting, research-based practical solutions that can be effectively used in the classroom. I am deeply convinced that the volume constitutes a valuable, thought-provoking and useful contribution to the field that will be of interest to the community of researchers and educators.» Dr hab. Joanna Dybiec-Gajer, Associate Professor, Pedagogical University of Cracow

«This little gem offers the reader an overview of the various practices that form part of the ever increasing field of audiovisual translation (AVT) and makes brave inroads into the less glamorous but definitely needed areas of theory and research. Covering a wide range of topics in research in AVT, and admittedly questioning «whether a universal methodology for audiovisual translation research is feasible», this volume theorises about the nature of AVT, helps to frame some of the current trends, and points to potentially new research avenues. The style is reader friendly and to the point; a most welcome addition to translation studies.»Jorge Díaz Cintas, University College London