SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science – serie
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122 produkter
122 produkter
Towards Sustainable Cities in China
Analysis and Assessment of Some Chinese Cities in 2008
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
537 kr
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To promote China’s sustainable city construction and development, this Brief has preliminarily used an assessment indicator system and development index of a sustainable city, based on a summary and analysis of the existing Sustainable City theories and practices both at home and aboard. Meanwhile, mainly based on the data from 2008, this Brief has made a tentative assessment of the development level of Sustainable City in some major Chinese cities.
537 kr
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In recent years, the importance of biogas energy has risen manifold and has become universal. Given that methane has 25 times greater global warming potential than CO2, methane capture through biogas energy in this manner can contribute substantially towards global warming control.
Del 8 - SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science
Hydrological Changes and Estuarine Dynamics
Häftad, Engelska, 2012
537 kr
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Water development projects have altered the environmental flow landscapes where dams and diversions have been built, and this could have effects on coastal resources, particularly in estuaries. Water is an important human resource and water needs grow as populations grow. However, freshwater inflow to the coast is fundamental to the functioning of estuaries. Can we have stable, secure, and sufficient water resources for people and still protect estuarine health? Estuaries are the most productive environments on Earth, and this is in part due to freshwater inflow, which dilutes marine water, and transports nutrients and sediments to the coast. Estuaries are characterized by salinity and nutrient gradients, which are important in regulating many biological processes. As water is diverted for human consumption, it is common for many environmental problems to appear. While many countries have water quality programs, few are dealing with water quantity alterations. The first step is to define marine resources to protect, and the water quality conditions those resources need to thrive. The second step is to determine the flow regimes needed to maintain the desired water quality conditions. Finally, many regions are using adaptive management programs to manage freshwater resources. These programs set goals to protect ecosystem resources, identify indicators, and monitor the indicators over time to ensure that the goals are appropriate and resources are protected. Case studies demonstrate that monitoring and research can determine the ecological and socio-economical impacts of altered freshwater inflows, and stakeholders and managers can make well-informed decisions to manage freshwater inflows to local coasts wisely.
Del 9 - SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science
Phosphorus
An Element that could have been called Lucifer
Häftad, Engelska, 2013
537 kr
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This book starts with depiction of the phosphorus role in life creation and evolution. Then it outlines in which vital processes different phosphates participate in life of all flora and fauna, from DNA molecules till body tissues. Crucial function of phosphates was noticed long ago, but only in XIX century discovery of mineral fertilizers made it possible to sustain the needs of growing global population, thus initiating a “green revolution”. Though, for many decades after it, the complexity of interactions “fertilizer-soil-plant roots” was underrated, causing massive damages, such as soil destruction and eutrophication of waters. Still, mining of exhausting natural phosphate reserves continued worldwide. Lessons of what happened in XIX century due to scarcity of phosphates were ignored. In the meantime, production of phosphates reached its peak few years ago. Immediate implementation of phosphate recycling technologies from municipal wastes can help avoid imminent global disaster.
643 kr
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This book underscores the re-emergence of the ozone hole problem and deals with it in its current context of exacerbating global warming.
644 kr
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This SpringerBrief focuses on the principles of ecotourism such as relevance of the field, origin, fundamental aspects, definitions, philosophy, implications in biodiversity conservation and environmental impacts. Special emphasis is also given to the interaction between ecotourism and education and it is supported by recent publications from the authors.
538 kr
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This book investigates the potential trade opportunity of climate friendly goods and technology (CFGT) in Asia and South Asia region, and uses a case study of India to clarify India's position on global warming and efforts to mitigate climate change impacts regionally and globally. In four main sections, the book applies econometric techniques to analyze the trade performance of CFGTs in nations in Asia and South Asia, in order to assess trade gaps and map the movement of CFGTs in these regions. The major themes addressed in the book include climate change and trade, issues that shape regional and national policies, and strategies for implementing global climate change mitigation on trade opportunities and developments. Section 1 introduces readers to some background on global climate change threats and its effects on trade, as well as the need to develop trade for CFGTs. Section 2 assesses the trade performance of CFGTs in Asia, and South Asia, and the competitiveness of CFGT trade. Section 3 uses a regional orientation index to analyze CFGT trade. Section 4 discusses the potential business applications of CFGT trade in the Asia, South Asia region, and uses a case study on India to analyze climate change mitigation effects on trade and policy. The book will be of interest to researchers, students, governments, and policy makers.
538 kr
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This book gives a selection of contributions from the 6th Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) Conference in Pescara, Italy. S-LCA is a social (real and potential) impact assessment method that aims to drive improvements in order to increase the value of products and services. It helps organizations to plan better, implement more effectively, and promote scale initiatives. More in general, the assessment activity also facilitates accountability and supports stakeholder communication.Consumers are greatly aware of the provenance of the goods they purchase. They have greater access to product information than ever before, also thanks to the new digital platforms. They are also empowered to make more responsible purchase decisions about what concerns sustainability aspects. Therefore the need to linger on the social aspects has been emerging recently. Although the business evolution of environmental methods and metrics has advanced significantly over the pastdecades, tools and metrics to estimate the social aspects of products and services are in progress.In this volume several sections provide methodological developments and tool focus, contextualizing S-LCA scientifically and explore the fields of applications. Through current development (conferences, articles, seminars and industry group publications), the method is spreading, evolving and gaining in maturity. However, it still is an evolving field, and main developments foresee, both at the level of methodology and results, interpretation and communication in order to find a path forward. S-LCA has been changing since the beginnings. From our observations as educators, researchers, practitioners, and peer reviewers in the S-LCA community, there are trends that are of importance us.
538 kr
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This book explores the significance of soil microbial diversity to understand its utility in soil functions, ecosystem services, environmental sustainability, and achieving the sustainable development goals. With a focus on agriculture and environment, the book highlights the importance of the microbial world by providing state-of-the-art technologies for examining the structural and functional attributes of soil microbial diversity for applications in healthcare, industrial biotechnology, and bioremediation studies. In seven chapters, the book will act as a primer for students, environmental biotechnologists, microbial ecologists, plant scientists, and agricultural microbiologists. Chapter 1 introduces readers to the soil microbiome, and chapter 2 discusses the below ground microbial world. Chapter 3 addresses various methods for exploring microbial diversity, chapter 4 discusses the genomics methods, chapter 5 provides the metaproteomics and metatranscriptomics approaches and chapter 6 details the bioinformatics tools for soil microbial community analysis, and chapter 7 concludes the text with future perspectives on further soil microbial uses and applications.
538 kr
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This brief explores several adaptive agricultural practices from around the world to fulfill current and future agricultural demands for food security due to the challenges posed by climate change and growing global population. Readers will discover how farmers adapt to environmental changes by adopting various agronomic practices at crop, farm and landscape levels. Particular attention is given to systemic and transformational adaptation strategies employed by farmers such as mulching, organic farming and crop diversification. This is a highly informative and carefully presented book that provides insights on how crops can build up resilience against periods of drought, high salinity, disasters such as floods, and diseases. The policy implications and future prospects of these adaptation strategies are also addressed. Environmental and plant scientists, agronomists and researchers in climate sciences will find this book interesting.
Integrated Framework for Energy-Economy-Emissions Modeling
A Case Study of India
Häftad, Engelska, 2019
591 kr
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This book combines three different energy-economy-emissions modeling methodologies into one Integrated Modeling Framework (IMF) in an attempt to fill gaps in current modeling research as it applies to developing countries. Through the analysis of existing mathematical models, including large macro-economic models and technology-explicit energy models, the work proposes planning methodologies for developing countries that face challenges on their economy and infrastructure due to climate change. The three modeling methodologies discussed in the chapters are a decomposition analysis of trends in emissions intensity of GDP, linear programming techniques to determine optimum energy supply pathways given various resource and emissions constraints, and an input-output analysis to evaluate the impact of energy policies on income and equity. After a brief introduction to the history of the development of energy studies and the linkages between energy, economic, and environmental systems, the book delves into the component methodologies of the IMF and their intended outcomes. The decomposition analysis is intended to gauge the energy intensity of GDP and the structural composition of the economy to provide a basis on which scenarios are constructed in the following two methodologies. The linear programs are meant to develop a methodology to determine energy options under a variety of scenarios that capture the technical and economic characteristics of the power sector of developing countries. Lastly, the input-output analysis aims to build a methodology through which energy policy decisions can be understood and quantified to ensure the best possible impacts on developing economies and societies. Those who will be interested in this book include policy makers, academics, and students and professionals working on energy studies and energy-economy modeling.
538 kr
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This open access book presents current knowledge about ecosystem services (ES) in urban planning, and discusses various urban ES topics such as spatial distribution of urban ecosystems, population distribution, and physical infrastructure properties.
Adaptations of Coastal Cities to Global Warming, Sea Level Rise, Climate Change and Endemic Hazards
Häftad, Engelska, 2019
538 kr
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This book discusses the identification of, solutions to, and management of threats to high population coastal cities and their seaports from global warming, climate change and endemic hazards.
Urban Adaptation to Climate Change
The Role of Urban Form in Mediating Rising Temperatures
Häftad, Engelska, 2019
644 kr
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This book presents the findings of a three-year study on urban heat in Doha, Qatar, and discusses guidelines and strategies for planning agencies to consider in the context of moderating temperatures to provide pedestrians with greater access to outdoor spaces and greater choice in modes of transport. If modifying urban form can reduce extreme temperatures in one of the hottest places on the planet, then perhaps other communities can learn how to create livable cities during a time of rapid changes to the climate. In fact, despite the periods of extreme heat, strategic planning and management of urban areas can improve residents’ and visitors’ ability to live, work, and move throughout the city comfortably. Doha, Qatar, a city with one of the most extreme climates on earth, has undergone rapid development over the past 40 years. Although cities in the Middle East are expanding at three times the international average (UN Report, 2012), the rapid populationand physical growth remain largely unexamined, particularly in terms of the unique conditions, qualities, and characteristics that give rise to these emerging centres. Speed, quality, and extent of urbanization impact neighbourhood-scale environmental conditions, and this book provides evidence that urban forms and materials can help to mediate temporal variation in microclimates and that landscape modifications can potentially reduce temperatures and increase accessibility to outdoor environments. By applying the lessons in this book, communities around the world can better adapt to the increasing frequency, duration and intensity of extreme heat.
538 kr
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This book discusses the impact of climate change on rural forest areas. It analyses data provided by the Portuguese Institute of the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA) to not only demonstrate that climate change has occurred in Portuguese forests, but also to suggest how forestry practices can be adapted to minimise its effects.
640 kr
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This SpringerBrief brings together a series of studies that delve into the details of French and Israeli green building practices and tell a tale of two countries which deviates considerably from what first impressions might suggest. In-depth data analysis, interviews with stakeholders, and on-the-ground documentation are used to paint a portrait of green neighborhoods in both large and small cities, and to shed light on the diversity of outcomes and the intricate web of interests leading to each one.In the Israeli cases, these dynamics reflect the fact that the private sector has become increasingly dominant in the residential building field, following a decades-long process in which the welfare state has shrunk, and the government has distanced itself from large social programs.The French solution to this dilemma is to mandate the inclusion of subsidized housing within its ecoquartiers, with the declared aim of promoting a diverse 'social mix' of population.Green building has yet to prove itself as a solution for the masses. The sale price of an apartment in a certified green building is significantly higher than what would be justified by either the additional construction costs required to build it, or the energy and water saving potential that can be realized by using it. The tale of two countries presented here suggests that neither the mechanisms of the market nor the proclamations of a welfare state can easily overcome this dilemma. What is needed is a new type of thinking, which can only emerge once the concept of "value" reflects not only the realities of a free-market economy, but also those of a planet which turns out to be distinctly limited in its resources.
Agricultural Drought in Slovakia: An Impact Assessment
NDVI and Satellite Based Data
Häftad, Engelska, 2020
538 kr
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This book gives an insight into the evaluation of drought in Slovakia and provides an assessment of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) as a method suitable for an evaluation of drought in agricultural land.
538 kr
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This book investigates various aspects of the phenomenon of atmospheric oxygen depletion, and summarizes our current knowledge of atmospheric oxygen.
697 kr
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This book discusses applied life cycle and supply chain management approaches for the sustainable development of tourism in Asian countries. The book describes the current state of the tourism industry in Asia from a perspective of sustainability, and analyzes the trade-offs between the three pillars of sustainability (environment, society, economy) as they pertain to the implementation of sustainable tourism. In 5 chapters, this book offers guidance for students, researchers and corporations interested in applying sustainability in tourism related activities.Chapter 1 introduces readers to the life cycle and supply chain approaches to driving sustainable development in tourism, and discusses the need for these strategies in the face of current issues with the tourism industry in Asia. Chapter 2 provides more details on the role of life cycle approaches in the sustainable development of tourism, including proper practices and implications. Chapter 3 presents how knowledge and best practices among stakeholders in the tourism sector can be shared. Chapter 4 discusses how promoting sustainable tourism can improve tourists' experience, and chapter 5 concludes the book by addressing how life cycle and supply chain approaches can be used together for tourism enterprises.
644 kr
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This book focuses on environmental footprints that have attracted considerable interest and discussion within academia, policy makers and the public as a tool to assess anthropogenic effects on the environment.
Evaluation of Air Quality in Albania by Moss Biomonitoring and Metals Atmospheric Deposition
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
538 kr
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This book provides an overview of air quality in Albania evaluated by moss biomonitoring and metals atmospheric deposition. It is based on the concentration data onto 51 elements in moss samples collected during 2010/2011 moss biomonitoring survey conducted at the same time with European moss biomonitoring survey.
Ecological Footprint as a Sustainability Metric
Implications for Sustainability
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
644 kr
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Based on a timeseries since 1961, it is possible to track cross-temporal changes of land-type categories (for crop land, grazing land, forest land, fishing ground, built-up land, and carbon) of the Ecological Footprint and biocapacity conveying whether a country is in ecological deficit and what may be contributing to such a trend
Current and Future Trends of Rainfall Erosivity and Soil Erosion in Central Asia
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
538 kr
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This book analyses climate change influences on rainfall erosivity and soil erosion across Central Asia, provides an overview (past and projections) on the Central Asian countries where projected changes in rainfall erosivity and erosivity density are the greatest, and discusses the potential impacts on the environment across the region.
Subsoil Monitoring at Nuclear Industry Enterprises
Foundations and Case Studies
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
538 kr
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Development of the SM-NI was based on long-term research studies including modeling of pollutants transport in the geological environment.The book is intended for a wide range of nuclear industry employees and specialists in environment protection and radiation safety of nuclear industry enterprises.
538 kr
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This book discusses land degradation in India using statistical tools such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Regression Analysis (RA), and uses statistical analyses and graphical representations of the causal relationship between land degradation and land productivity to determine linkages with deforestation, climate change and agricultural productivity. While most studies of land degradation in India focus on economic outcomes and physical processes at macro and micro levels, this study addresses land degradation at the meso-level to fill in this gap and provide up-to-date information on often overlooked factors associated with land degradation issues using the latest available data. Districts in the study were selected by land degradation intensity, forming an index of the severity of land degradation in the area, with a focus on gullied lands, soil salinity/alkalinity and open and dense scrubs as indicators. Though the study areas are in India, researchers, policy makers and students around the world will be able to learn from these inputs regarding land degradation to address various challenges associated with sustainable land management and agricultural productivity.
219 kr
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This open access book introduces readers to a new methodology for assessing the risks to the marine environment following accidental oil spills.
697 kr
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The consequences of mountaineering on the natural environment are characterized in terms of individual components of the environment (land relief, soil, vegetation, fauna, and landscape) and location/zone of mountaineering activity (hiking, trekking or climbing zone).
538 kr
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This book focuses on more than 100 years of climatic oscillation in Bengal Duars, a unique foothill landscape of the Eastern Himalaya, to discuss the dynamics of life and livelihoods of forest dependent communities towards climate change related impacts.
538 kr
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The book consists of 5 chapters covering the following topics: Introduction to chemigation and fertigation, selecting an injector for fertilizer/chemicalinjection, fertilizers for fertigation, major, secondary, and micronutrient fertilizers used in fertigation, and fertigation practices: Egyptian case study.
Towards a Climate-Resilient Future Together
Tools for Engaging Citizens for a Better Future
Häftad, Engelska, 2022
538 kr
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Although many local authorities underline the important role of citizens in climate adaptation, many experience difficulties with organizing citizen participation in a way that is meaningful to both citizens and policymakers.