Water Science and Technology Library – serie
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261 produkter
261 produkter
Del 7 - Water Science and Technology Library
Large-Scale Regional Water Resources Planning
The North Atlantic Regional Study
Inbunden, Engelska, 1990
1 084 kr
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While creativity plays an important role in the advancement of computer science, great ideas are built on a foundation of practical experience and knowledge. This book presents programming techniques which will be useful in both AI projects and more conventional software engineering endeavors. My primary goal is to enter tain, to introduce new technologies and to provide reusable software modules for the computer programmer who enjoys using programs as models for solutions to hard and interesting problems. If this book succeeds in entertaining, then it will certainly also educate. I selected the example application areas covered here for their difficulty and have provided both program examples for specific applications and (I hope) the method ology and spirit required to master problems for which there is no obvious solution. I developed the example programs on a Macintosh ™ using the Macintosh Common LISP ™ development system capturing screen images while the example programs were executing. To ensure portability to all Common LISP environments, I have provided a portable graphics library in Chapter 2. All programs in this book are copyrighted by Mark Watson. They can be freely used in any free or commercial software systems if the following notice appears in the fine print of the program's documentation: "This program contains software written by Mark Watson." No royalties are required. The program miniatures contained in this book may not be distributed by posting in source code form on public information networks, or in printed form without my written permission.
Del 8 - Water Science and Technology Library
Energy Dissipators and Hydraulic Jump
Inbunden, Engelska, 1992
1 622 kr
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Stilling basins utili z ing a hydraulic jump for energy dissipation are w i d e l y used in hydraulic engineering . D a Vinci was the first to describe the hydraulic jump, and Bidone conducted classical experiments about 170 years ago . Stilling basins w e r e developed in the thirties with signif- cant design improvements being made during the last sixty years . Although w e l l - a c c e p t e d guidelines for a successful design are presently available, the information for the design of such dissipators is not yet compiled in book form . This book provides state-of-the-art information on hydraulic jumps and associat ed stilling basins . A large numbe r of papers on the to pics are reviewed. T h e present trends of the art of designing a stilli ng basin are discussed and ideas for future research are outlined. Design criteria and recommendat ions are frequently given . However, this should not be considered as a r eady-to -use guideline since the design of an effective stilling basin is much more comple x than following general design steps . The book is divided into two parts. Part 1 on hydraulic jumps is c- prised of chapters 2 to 5. Part 2 consisting of chapters 6 to 14 deals with various hydraulic structures used to dissipate energy. The lists of notation and references are provided in each part separately although the same notation is u sed throughout.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1992
868 kr
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This book contains a selection of papers arising from an international conference, held in Maratea, Italy, June 26-28, 1991. It comprises six sections encompassing a range of the major aspects of entropy-based developments in water resources. Each section normally starts with an invited, state-of-the-art paper, followed by contributed papers. Section one presents a discussion on the perspectives of entropy and energy dissipation. The applications of entropy and hydrology are considered in section two, water resources in chapter three and hydraulics in section four. Sections five and six deal with the applications of energy principles in, respectively, hydrology and hydraulics. This book should interest reseachers as well as those engaged in civil engineering, agricultural engineering, environmental engineering, hydrology, water resources, earth resources, forestry, geography and climatology. Graduate students, as well as those wishing to conduct research on entropy or its applications, should find this book useful.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1994
1 622 kr
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Within this landmark collection of papers, highly respected scientists and engineers from around the world present some of the latest research results in extreme value analyses for floods and droughts. Two approaches that are commonly employed in flood frequency analyses are the maximum annual flood and partial duration series or peak over threshold procedures. Recent theoretical advances as well as illustrative applications are described in detail for each of these approaches. Additionally, droughts and storms are systematically studied using appropriate probabilistic models. A major part of the volume is devoted to frequency analyses and fitting extreme value distributions to hydrological data. Other thought-provoking topics include regionalization techniques, distributed models, entropy and fractal analysis. AudienceThe book is of interest to researchers, teachers, students and practitioners who wish to place themselves at the leading edge of flood frequency and drought analyses.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1994
1 890 kr
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World renowned scientists present valuable contributions to stochastic and statistical modelling of groundwater and surface water systems. The philosophy of probabilistic modelling in the hydrological sciences is put into proper perspective and the importance of stochastic differential equations in the environmental sciences is explained and illustrated. The new research ideas put forward in groundwater modelling will assist decision makers in tackling challenging problems such as controlling pollution of underground aquifers and obtaining adequate water supplies. Additionally, different types of stochastic models are used in modelling a range of interesting surface water problems. Other topics covered in this landmark volume include stochastic optimization, moment analysis, carbon dioxide modelling and rainfall prediction. Audience: The book is of interest to researchers, teachers, students and practitioners who wish to be at the leading edge of stochastic and statistical modelling in the environmental sciences.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1994
2 483 kr
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International experts from around the globe present a rich variety of intriguing developments in time series analysis in hydrology and environmental engineering. Climatic change is of great concern to everyone and significant contributions to this challenging research topic are put forward by internationally renowned authors. A range of interesting applications in hydrological forecasting are given for case studies in reservoir operation in North America, Asia and South America. Additionally, progress in entropy research is described and entropy concepts are applied to various water resource systems problems. Neural networks are employed for forecasting runoff and water demand. Moreover, graphical, nonparametric and parametric trend analyses methods are compared and applied to water quality time series. Other topics covered in this landmark volume include spatial analyses, spectral analyses and different methods for stream-flow modelling. AudienceThe book constitutes an invaluable resource for researchers, teachers, students and practitioners who wish to be at the forefront of time series analysis in the environmental sciences.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1994
2 160 kr
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In this landmark set of papers, experts from around the world present the latest and most promising approaches to both the theory and practice of effective environmental management. To achieve sustainable development, organizations and individual citizens must comply with environmental laws and regulations. Accordingly, a major contribution of this book is the presentation of original techniques for designing effective environmental policies, regulations, inspection precedures and monitoring systems. Interesting methods for modelling risk and decision making problems are discussed from an environmental management perspective. Moreover, knowledge-based techniques for handling environmental problems are also investigated. Finally, the last main part of the book describes optimal approaches to reservoir operation and control that take into account appropriate multiple objectives.AudienceThe book is of direct interest to researchers, teachers, students and practitioners concerned with the latest developments in environmental management and sustainable development.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1994
1 084 kr
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The problem of global and regional climate interactions is receiving increased attention in light of anticipated global warming and its possible environmental and societal consequences. The Caspian Sea Basin is a region where such consequences may be particularly significant. This book traces the complex linkages between climatic changes in the Caspian Sea Basin and global climatic processes. The main focus of this study is the Caspian Sea level (CSL). An unusual rise in the CSL that occurred after 1977 has significantly affected the economy of the region. The question is whether this rise is an indication of anthropogenic global warming, or if it has natural causes. This study is an attempt to identify mechanisms linking the CSL with large-scale processes in the ocean and atmosphere. Emphasis is on interannual and decadal time scales, while longer-term climatic variations are also considered. The final chapter discusses possible changes in the CSL under conditions of greenhouse gas-induced global warming.The book should be of interest to a wide range of scientists working in the fields of hydrology, climatology, meteorology and environmental science, as well as resource managers and policy-makers concerned with climate impacts on water resources and sea level.
Del 13 - Water Science and Technology Library
Numerical Methods for Shallow-Water Flow
Inbunden, Engelska, 1994
1 084 kr
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A wide variety of problems are associated with the flow of shallow water, such as atmospheric flows, tides, storm surges, river and coastal flows, lake flows, tsunamis. Numerical simulation is an effective tool in solving them and a great variety of numerical methods are available. The first part of the book summarizes the basic physics of shallow-water flow needed to use numerical methods under various conditions. The second part gives an overview of possible numerical methods, together with their stability and accuracy properties as well as with an assessment of their performance under various conditions. This enables the reader to select a method for particular applications. Correct treatment of boundary conditions (often neglected) is emphasized. The major part of the book is about two-dimensional shallow-water equations but a discussion of the 3-D form is included. The book is intended for researchers and users of shallow-water models in oceanographic and meteorological institutes, hydraulic engineering and consulting. It also provides a major source of information for applied and numerical mathematicians.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1995
1 622 kr
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Two of the main concerns in respect of water supply systems are their efficiency and their reliability, which are discussed in this text. They are grouped into five sections, and the book covers fundamentals, leakage detection in networks, network management (leakage control), managing water distribution systems to reduce energy costs, and reliability, risk analysis and rehabilitation. A balanced approach has been achieved by inviting contributors from academia as well as consultancies and water supply companies.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1995
1 622 kr
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Environmental Hydrology presents a unified approach to the role of hydrology in environmental planning and management, emphasizing the consideration of the hydrological continuum in determining the fate and migration of chemicals as well as micro-organisms in the environment, both below the ground as well as on it. The eco-hydrological consequences of environmental management are also discussed, and an up-to-date account of the mathematical modeling of pollution is also presented. Audience: Invaluable reading for senior undergraduates and beginning graduates, civil, environmental, and agricultural engineers, and geologists and climatologists.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1995
868 kr
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The four volumes in this set cover major aspects of hydrology and water resources, including surface water hydrology, subsurface water hydrology, water quality hydrology, and water resources planning management. The books reflect the water resources technology as practised in India and the Indian subcontinent which should be of value to water resources professionals in the West. The books should be of interest to academicians, graduate students, practising engineers, water engineers, as well as water policy makers.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1995
1 622 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
The four volumes in this set cover major aspects of hydrology and water resources, including surface water hydrology, subsurface water hydrology, water quality hydrology, and water resources planning management. The books reflect the water resources technology as practised in India and the Indian subcontinent which should be of great value to water resources professionals in the West. The books should be of interest to academicians, graduate students, practising engineers, water engineers, as well as water policy makers.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1995
868 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
The four volumes in this set cover major aspects of hydrology and water resources, including surface water hydrology, subsurface water hydrology, water quality hydrology, and water resources planning management. The books reflect the water resources technology as practised in India and the Indian subcontinent which should be of value to water resources professionals in the West. The books should be of interest to academicians, graduate students, practising engineers, water engineers, as well as water policy makers.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1995
2 160 kr
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Water is vital to life, maintenance of ecological balance, economic development, and sustenance of civilization. Planning and management of water resources and its optimal use are a matter of urgency for most countries of the world, and even more so for India with a huge population. Growing population and expanding economic activities exert increasing demands on water for varied needs--domestic, industrial, agricultural, power generation, navigation, recreation, etc. In India, agriculture is the highest user of water. The past three decades have witnessed numerous advances as well as have presented intriguing challenges and exciting opportunities in hydrology and water resources. Compounding them has been the growing environmental consciousness. Nowhere are these challenges more apparent than in India. As we approach the twenty first century, it is entirely fitting to take stock of what has been accomplished and what remains to be accomplished, and what accomplishments are relevant, with particular reference to Indian conditions.
Del 17 - Water Science and Technology Library
Dam Breach Modeling Technology
Inbunden, Engelska, 1996
1 084 kr
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Dams are constructed for economic development, and their construction involves large investments of money, and natural and human resources. Of the various types of dams constructed around the globe, earth dams are the most common type and constitute the vast majority of dams. When adam fails, it culminates in the sudden release of artificially stored water which, in turn, becomes a potential menace to virtually everything downstream. The dam failure may result in loss of life and property. In recent years, instances of dam failure in the world have been too many, and the resulting loss too high. As a result, dam safety pro grams have been developed in most countries of the world since the beginning of the nineteenth eighties. · Earth dams are more susceptible to failure than other types. The cause of failure is often either overtopping or piping. The modeling of dam breaching due to either or both of these causes is of fundamental importance to development of dam-safety programs. This book is, therefore, an attempt to present some aspects of earth-dam breach modeling technology. It is hoped that others will be stimulated to write more comprehensive texts on this subject of growing interest and importance. The book is divided into eight chapters. The first chapter is introductory and discusses some aspects of dams and dam failures in the world.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1996
1 622 kr
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This text discusses the impacts of climatic fluctuations and climate change on water resources management. It presents an overview of the impacts of climatic change/fluctuations on a wide variety of water resources sectors, including river runoff, water quality, water temperature, water use and demand, reservoir management and water resource planning and management. The book presents a series of case studies to both demonstrate the application of climate change impact assessment methodologies, and to provide insights to catchment, river basin, and national scale impacts of climate change/fluctuations on the water resources of Africa, Europe, and North America.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1996
1 622 kr
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This book provides a comprehensive discussion of hydraulic applications to a range of topical environmental issues. Introducing the field of environmental hydraulics, it presents a systematic treatment on stratified flows, water quality hydraulics, waste water hydraulics, and ecohydrodynamics. The chapters are written by leading scientists from around the world, who have long been at the forefront of research in hydraulics as applied to environment and ecology. The depth of coverage is more detailed than can be found in any other published book. Audience: Faculty members, graduate students, and researchers engaged in environmental modeling. Civil, environmental, hydraulic, and water engineers engaged in environmental planning and management will find this book to be of considerable value.
Del 21 - Water Science and Technology Library
Runoff, Infiltration and Subsurface Flow of Water in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions
Inbunden, Engelska, 1996
1 084 kr
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Arid and semi-arid regions can be defined as environments in which water is the limit ing factor for bio-systems. This means that survival of life in these regions involves a constant struggle to obtain this limited commodity and draw the maximum benefit out of it. However, despite the difficulties for plants, animals, and man to live in, these regions, they are being utilized more and more because of the pressure of world population growth. This is expressed in the expansion of agricultural activities in desert lands as well as by the formation and rapid growth of urban and industrial centers. These trends result in a growing demand for water on the one hand, and the disposal of vast amounts of waste water, as well as other types of refuse, on the other. Meeting the first demand, namely, supplying water to the agricultural communities and urban centers, involves, in many instances, the over-exploitation and misuse of nat ural water resources. The surplus of waste water, sometimes highly loaded with toxic compounds, is likely to cause irreversible damage to the environment. The geoscientists and engineers face a challenge on two conflicting fronts. Success on one front, namely, in answering the full demand for water, may lead to an increase in the pollution of the environment by waste water.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1996
1 622 kr
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It is the task of the engineer, as of any other professional person, to do everything that is reasonably possible to analyse the difficulties with which his or her client is confronted, and on this basis to design solutions and implement these in practice. The distributed hydrological model is, correspondingly, the means for doing everything that is reasonably possible - of mobilising as much data and testing it with as much knowledge as is economically feasible - for the purpose of analysing problems and of designing and implementing remedial measures in the case of difficulties arising within the hydrological cycle. Thus the aim of distributed hydrologic modelling is to make the fullest use of cartographic data, of geological data, of satellite data, of stream discharge measurements, of borehole data, of observations of crops and other vegetation, of historical records of floods and droughts, and indeed of everything else that has ever been recorded or remembered, and then to apply to this everything that is known about meteorology, plant physiology, soil physics, hydrogeology, sediment transport and everything else that is relevant within this context. Of course, no matter how much data we have and no matter how much we know, it will never be enough to treat some problems and some situations, but still we can aim in this way to do the best that we possibly can.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1996
1 622 kr
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This volume contains the results of the workshop on "Parameter Identification and Inverse Problems in Hydrology, Geology and Ecology", held in Karlsruhe, Germany, and represents a selection of contributions from the various groups of participants. The reviewed, invited and contributed articles are grouped according to the broad headings of hydrology, non-linear diffusion and soil physics, geophysical methods, mathematical analysis of inverse and ill-posed problems and parallel algorithms for inverse problems. The book also contains the three-lecture tutorial "Introduction to Inverse Problems of Non-linear Partial Differential Equations for Physicists, Scientists and Engineers" by Paul DuChateau, held at the Workshop.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1996
1 622 kr
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The General Assembly of the United Nations passed a resolution on December 11, 1987, designating the 1990s as the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction. This resolution has served as a catalyst in promotion of international cooperation in the field of natural disaster reduction; in initiation of wide-ranging research activities on natural and man-made disasters; in development of tech nologies for assessment, prediction, prevention, and mitigation through technical assistance, technology transfer, demonstration projects, and education and training; and in dissemination of information related to measures for assessment, prediction, prevention, and mitigation of natural disasters. Disasters are manifestations of environmental extremes. Depending upon the type of disasters, their occurrence may have short-term andlor long-term detri mental environmental consequences. Disasters cannot be prevented altogether, but their impact can be mitigated. This book is an attempt to provide a discussion of hydrological aspects of the various types of natural disasters. It is hoped that others will be stimulated to write more comprehensive texts on this subject of enormous importance.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1996
1 622 kr
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This text provides a comprehensive treatment of GIS technology and its application to a range of hydrologic problems. It contains 16 chapters, written by leading scientists from around the globe, that provide an in-depth discussion of GIS applications. Hydrologic modelling is becoming increasingly global, in terms of both spatial scale and depth of treatment. This globalization of hydrology is placing new and greater demands for data, and more sophisticated techniques for managing and processing them. It is now possible to meet those demands through application of remote sensing and GIS technology.
Del 25 - Water Science and Technology Library
Marine Chemistry
An Environmental Analytical Chemistry Approach
Inbunden, Engelska, 1997
1 622 kr
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This book introduces the general principles of reaction equilibria and kinetics involved in marine geochemical cycles. The major electrolytes dramatically affect the rates and equilibria of the chemical reactions in the sea. In order to understand these interactions, it is necessary to have a detailed knowledge of the major, minor and trace chemical components. This volume is also focused on the development and applications of analytical techniques for accurate determination and speciation in seawater, and on the effect of pollution on the marine environment, since small quantities of other elements may have a significant influence on global chemical cycling. Audience: This book is of value for marine chemists, biogeochemists, ecologists, oceanographers, environmental engineers and analytical chemists.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1997
1 622 kr
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Two basic tools for integrated management of the environment are modelling and environmental data. Both tools were available and valid in the past; however, the recent requirements for integrated environmental management have also led to a significant evolution of both modelling procedures and data management systems. This volume provides a systematic approach to various aspects of environmental data management. The contents of the book follow the basic steps that constitute an environmental data management system. These steps cover in sequence: collection of environmental data for assessing air quality, surface water quality and solid waste management; reliability considerations in data collection; storage, handling and retrieval of available data; transfer of data into information via data analysis and environmental modelling; and finally the use of available data in decision-making for environmental management. This volume should be useful to researchers, professional engineers, planners and managers and graduate students, who are involved in environmental management, data collection and dissemination, and information retrieval.It should also interest research and data centres, international programmes and organizations related to environmental management.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1998
1 622 kr
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The Upper Adriatic Sea basin comprises a very precarious coastal environment subject to continuous changes which prove appreciable not only over the geological scale but also in historical and modern times. According to some Authors the Venice Lagoon was formed 2000-3000 years ago, and other lagoons (e. g. the Grado Lagoon in the northernmost part of the Adriatic) are even more recent. In addition to lagoons, the Upper Adriatic coastal area includes salt and fresh-water marshes and reclaimed land separated by several watercourses originating from the Alpine and Apennine ranges with a ground elevation not exceeding in many places 2 m above the mean sea l. evel (msl). A significant fraction of this lowland is already now below msl because of natural and anthropogenic land subsidence, land reclamation and sea level rise occurred over the last century. Natural land subsidence is still under way as a result of deep downward tec tonic movement and consolidation of soils deposited in the most recent time. An thropogenic subsidence is primarily due to groundwater pumping for agricultural, industrial, civil, and tourist use, and to gas withdrawal from a large number of gas fields scattered through the Upper Adriatic basin, and may still continue, al though at a reduced rate, in the years to come. At the same time msl is expected to rise in the next century due to global climate change, mainly because of the greenhouse effect.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1998
1 622 kr
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Supply of sufficient clean drinking water is often taken for granted, but it requires a considerable technical and financial effort to ensure reliable and economic water supply. This volume presents an up-to-date overview of water supply management and aims at efficient management of water supply schemes rather than design of new works. Various chapters of the book are devoted to water demands, management of reservoirs and conjunctive use of alternative sources. Asset management and loss control are also considered. Water quality and provision of water to developing communities are also discussed. Water supply management is of concern to developed urban environments as well as developing communities. The book will be equally valuable to the practising water engineer and the newcomer or graduate student in the subject.
Del 30 - Water Science and Technology Library
Entropy-Based Parameter Estimation in Hydrology
Inbunden, Engelska, 1998
1 622 kr
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This text covers entropy-based techniques for parameter estimation in hydrology. The techniques are presented for 20 distributions used in hydrology, including the distributions of the normal family, the extreme-value family, the Pareto family, and the logistic family. A comparative assessment of the entropy-based techniques is made with traditional methods of parameter estimation, such as the methods of moments, maximum likelihood estimation, probability-weighted moments, L-moments, and least squares, using field data as well as Monte Carlo simulation experiments.
1 622 kr
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This text addresses climate variability and its human impact during the Holocene. The various contributions were presented during the July 1996 Negev University workshop and provide an interdisciplinary, integrative overview. Some chapters document and discuss climate variability and paleo-hydrology using stable isotopes, radiocarbon, pollen and other proxy data. The mechanisms causing climate variability are also discussed. The response of historical human communities to change in climate (temperature and hydrological) is documented for a number of geographical areas and time periods using historical and archaeological data. The paleo-climate and paleo-hydrology results may help us constrain and improve predictive models. The historical record of societal response to climate variability may provide information on the adaptability of societies to future global and climatic change. This text should be of interest to paleo-hydrologists, paleo-climatologists, palynologists, Quaternary geologists, physical geographers, archaeologists, and other scientists interested in climatic change and history.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1998
1 622 kr
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During the past decade many countries in the world have experienced droughts, with severe impacts on water urban supply systems. Because droughts are natural phenomena, water utilities must design and implement drought management plans. These proceedings deal with the management plans. The contributions in this book have been presented in four sections: Water supply systems; modernization; drought management in an urban context; and practical cases (Israel, USA, Italy, Spain). To achieve a well-balanced approach, authors were invited from academia as well as from consultancies and water utilities.