Wiley Series in Pure and Applied Optics – serie

This classic opens with a history of the development of the infrared portion of the spectrum, probes the system engineering process, and then examines the characteristics of the successful system engineer. The next eleven chapters delve deeply into the elements of infrared technology. Chapter 13 explains the functional relationships between the various system elements and the effects of their interactions when assembled into a system. In Chapter 14 the reader is invited to watch the development of an infrared search system for commercial jet transports.Part II contains an in-depth treatment of the applications of infrared techniques to the solution of military, industrial, medical, and scientific problems. It contains nearly 1400 annotated references to the infrared literature of the world. The annotations summarize the content, describe the hardware, details its performance and examine the significant results. The references are carefully arranged, extensively indexed, and does not contain citations to the classified or report literature, a feature appreciated by most readers. For those readers having the necessary credentials, Appendix 4 is a guide to the unpublished and classified literature of the infrared.

NOW UPDATED—THE HIGHLY PRACTICAL GUIDE TO ANALYZING LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAYS The subject of liquid crystal displays has vigorously evolved into an exciting interdisciplinary field of research and development, involving optics, materials, and electronics. Updated to reflect recent advances, the Second Edition of Optics of Liquid Crystal Displays now offers a broader, more comprehensive discussion on the fundamentals of display systems and teaches readers how to analyze and design new components and subsystems for LCDs. New features of this edition include: Discussion of the dynamics of molecular reorientation Expanded information of the method of Poincaré sphere in various optical components, including achromatic wave plates and compensators Neutral and negative Biaxial thin films for compensators Circular polarizers and anti-reflection coatings The introduction of wide field-of-view wave plates and filters Comprehensive coverage of VA-LCD and IPS-LCD Additional numerical examples This updated edition is intended as a textbook for students in electrical engineering and applied physics, as well as a reference book for engineers and scientists working in the area of research and development of display technologies.

The Only Source You Need for Understanding the Design and Applications of Photonic Crystal-Based Devices This book presents in detail the fundamental theoretical background necessary to understand the unique optical phenomena arising from the crystalline nature of photonic-crystal structures and their application across a range of disciplines. Organized to take readers from basic concepts to more advanced topics, the book covers: Preliminary concepts of electromagnetic waves and periodic media Numerical methods for analyzing photonic-crystal structures Devices and applications based on photonic bandgaps Engineering photonic-crystal dispersion properties Fabrication of two- and three-dimensional photonic crystals The authors assume an elementary knowledge of electromagnetism, vector calculus, Fourier analysis, and complex number analysis. Therefore, the book is appropriate for advanced undergraduate students in physics, applied physics, optics, electronics, and chemical and electrical engineering, as well as graduate students and researchers in these fields.

The most up-to-date book available on the physics of photonic devices This new edition of Physics of Photonic Devices incorporates significant advancements in the field of photonics that have occurred since publication of the first edition (Physics of Optoelectronic Devices). New topics covered include a brief history of the invention of semiconductor lasers, the Lorentz dipole method and metal plasmas, matrix optics, surface plasma waveguides, optical ring resonators, integrated electroabsorption modulator-lasers, and solar cells. It also introduces exciting new fields of research such as: surface plasmonics and micro-ring resonators; the theory of optical gain and absorption in quantum dots and quantum wires and their applications in semiconductor lasers; and novel microcavity and photonic crystal lasers, quantum-cascade lasers, and GaN blue-green lasers within the context of advanced semiconductor lasers.Physics of Photonic Devices, Second Edition presents novel information that is not yet available in book form elsewhere. Many problem sets have been updated, the answers to which are available in an all-new Solutions Manual for instructors. Comprehensive, timely, and practical, Physics of Photonic Devices is an invaluable textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in photonics and an indispensable tool for researchers working in this rapidly growing field.

A Unified Summary of the Models and Optimization Methods Used in Computational Lithography Optical lithography is one of the most challenging areas of current integrated circuit manufacturing technology. The semiconductor industry is relying more on resolution enhancement techniques (RETs), since their implementation does not require significant changes in fabrication infrastructure. Computational Lithography is the first book to address the computational optimization of RETs in optical lithography, providing an in-depth discussion of optimal optical proximity correction (OPC), phase shifting mask (PSM), and off-axis illumination (OAI) RET tools that use model-based mathematical optimization approaches.The book starts with an introduction to optical lithography systems, electric magnetic field principles, and the fundamentals of optimization from a mathematical point of view. It goes on to describe in detail different types of optimization algorithms to implement RETs. Most of the algorithms developed are based on the application of the OPC, PSM, and OAI approaches and their combinations. Algorithms for coherent illumination as well as partially coherent illumination systems are described, and numerous simulations are offered to illustrate the effectiveness of the algorithms. In addition, mathematical derivations of all optimization frameworks are presented.The accompanying MATLAB® software files for all the RET methods described in the book make it easy for readers to run and investigate the codes in order to understand and apply the optimization algorithms, as well as to design a set of optimal lithography masks. The codes may also be used by readers for their research and development activities in their academic or industrial organizations. An accompanying MATLAB® software guide is also included. An accompanying MATLAB® software guide is included, and readers can download the software to use with the guide at ftp://ftp.wiley.com/public/sci_tech_med/computational_lithography.Tailored for both entry-level and experienced readers, Computational Lithography is meant for faculty, graduate students, and researchers, as well as scientists and engineers in industrial organizations whose research or career field is semiconductor IC fabrication, optical lithography, and RETs. Computational lithography draws from the rich theory of inverse problems, optics, optimization, and computational imaging; as such, the book is also directed to researchers and practitioners in these fields.

In this book, Optical Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is approached from a strictly practical and application-oriented point of view. Based on the characteristics and constraints of modern fiber-optic components, transport systems and fibers, the text provides relevant rules of thumb and practical hints for technology selection, WDM system and link dimensioning, and also for network-related aspects such as wavelength assignment and resilience mechanisms. Actual 10/40 Gb/s WDM systems are considered, and a preview of the upcoming 100 Gb/s systems and technologies for even higher bit rates is given as well. Key features: Considers WDM from ULH backbone (big picture view) down to PON access (micro view).Includes all major telecom and datacom applications.Provides the relevant background for state-of-the-art and next-gen systems.Offers practical guidelines for system / link engineering.

The first book of its kind to introduce the fundamentals, basic features and models, potential applications and novel phenomena and its important applications in liquid crystal technology.Recognized leader in the field Gaetano Assanto outlines the peculiar characteristics of nematicons and the promise they have for the future growth of this captivating new field.

This text covers the range of subjects necessary for theunderstanding of modern infrared-imaging systems at a levelappropriate for seniors or first-year graduate students in physicsor electrical engineering. The first six chapters focus onfundamental background issues of radiation detection, beginningwith the basics of geometrical optics and finishing with adiscussion of the figures of merit used for describing thesignal-to-noise performance of a detector system. Other topicsinclude radiometry and flux-transfer issues, basicradiation-detector mechanisms, and random-processmathematics. The presentation then moves on to specific detector technologiesand the fundamental mechanisms of detection, paying specialattention to responsivity and noise performance. Devices discussedinclude photovoltaic detectors, photoconductive detectors, thermaldetectors, Schottky-barrier diodes, and bandgap-engineeredphotodetectors via multiple quantum wells and superlattices. The book concludes with a close look at infrared detection systemsand related issues. In the discussion of infrared search systems,the range equation is developed in terms of the optical anddetector parameters of the system. A separate chapter is devoted tomodulation transfer function, a spatial-frequency-domaindescription of image quality. The final chapter describes thedesign equations for thermal-imager systems in terms ofnoise-equivalent temperature difference and minimum resolvabletemperature. Supported and clarified by 470 illustrations and accompanied by anextensive glossary of the nomenclature, this is an excellent textfor graduate and senior level courses in radiometry and infrareddetectors. It is also a valuable reference for practicing engineersinvolved in the use, design, analysis, and testing of infrareddetector-based systems. Infrared Detectors and Systems is a complete, accessible, andtimely exposition of a technology whose applications areincreasingly important and widespread. Based on courses presentedby two of the field's leading figures, this book provides extensivecoverage of the background and fundamentals of radiation detectionand goes on to examine specific technologies and systems in depthand, in some cases, for the first time in print. Technologies discussed include* Photovoltaic detectors* Photoconductive detectors* Thermal detectors* Schottky-barrier diodes* Bandgap-engineered photodetectors via multiple quantum wells andsuperlattices Supplemented with 470 illustrations and a complete glossary of thenomenclature, this is the ideal text for senior- and graduate-levelcourses in radiometry and optical detection.

Winner of the 2006 Joseph W. Goodman Book Writing Award!A comprehensive treatment of the principles, mathematics, and statistics of image scienceIn today's visually oriented society, images play an important role in conveying messages. From seismic imaging to satellite images to medical images, our modern society would be lost without images to enhance our understanding of our health, our culture, and our world.Foundations of Image Science presents a comprehensive treatment of the principles, mathematics, and statistics needed to understand and evaluate imaging systems. The book is the first to provide a thorough treatment of the continuous-to-discrete, or CD, model of digital imaging. Foundations of Image Science emphasizes the need for meaningful, objective assessment of image quality and presents the necessary tools for this purpose. Approaching the subject within a well-defined theoretical and physical context, this landmark text presents the mathematical underpinnings of image science at a level that is accessible to graduate students and practitioners working with imaging systems, as well as well-motivated undergraduate students.Destined to become a standard text in the field, Foundations of Image Science covers: Mathematical Foundations: Examines the essential mathematical foundations of image scienceImage Formation–Models and Mechanisms: Presents a comprehensive and unified treatment of the mathematical and statistical principles of imaging, with an emphasis on digital imaging systems and the use of SVD methodsImage Quality: Provides a systematic exposition of the methodology for objective or task-based assessment of image qualityApplications: Presents detailed case studies of specific direct and indirect imaging systems and provides examples of how to apply the various mathematical tools covered in the bookAppendices: Covers the prerequisite material necessary for understanding the material in the main text, including matrix algebra, complex variables, and the basics of probability theory

Fundamentals of Optical Fibers, Second Edition offers readers a timely and consistent introduction to the fundamental principles of light propagation in fibers. In it, the author reviews, in depth, fundamental wave guiding concepts, the influence of various fiber structures and materials on light transmission, nonlinear light propagation effects occurring in fibers, and various measurement techniques. Since the chief application of optical fibers is in communication systems, throughout the book the focus is on topics, which pertain to that domain.

A comprehensive treatment of the fundamentals of optical detection theory Laser system applications are becoming more numerous, particularly in the fields of communications and remote sensing. Filling a significant gap in the literature, Optical Detection Theory for Laser Applications addresses the theoretical aspects of optical detection and associated phenomenologies, describing the fundamental optical, statistical, and mathematical principles of the modern laser system. The book is especially valuable for its extensive treatment of direct detection statistics, which has no analog in radar detection theory and which has never before been compiled in a cohesive manner in a single book. Coverage includes:* A review of mathematical statistics and statistical decision theory* Performance of truncated and untruncated coherent and direct detection systems using Huygens-Fresnel and Gaussian beam theories* Rough surface scatter and atmospheric propagation effects* Single-pulse detection statistics for direct and coherent detection systems* Multi-pulse detection statistics for direct and coherent detection systems Supported by additional comments providing further insights into the physics or mathematics discussed and an extensive list of classic references, Optical Detection Theory for Laser Applications comprises a much-needed reference for the professional scientist or engineer, as well as a solid textbook for advanced students.

This book presents current theories of diffraction, imaging, and related topics based on Fourier analysis and synthesis techniques, which are essential for understanding, analyzing, and synthesizing modern imaging, optical communications and networking, as well as micro/nano systems. Applications covered include tomography; magnetic resonance imaging; synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and interferometric SAR; optical communications and networking devices; computer-generated holograms and analog holograms; and wireless systems using EM waves.

A complete and balanced account of communication theory, providing an understanding of both Fourier analysis (and the concepts associated with linear systems) and the characterization of such systems by mathematical operators. Presents applications of the theories to the diffraction of optical wave-fields and the analysis of image-forming systems. Emphasizes a strong mathematical foundation and includes an in-depth consideration of the phenomena of diffraction. Combines all theories to describe the image-forming process in terms of a linear filtering operation for both coherent and incoherent imaging. Chapters provide carefully designed sets of problems. Also includes extensive tables of properties and pairs of Fourier transforms and Hankle Transforms.

An updated and revised second edition of the acclaimed classicHave you ever wondered why the sky is blue, or a ruby red? This classic volume studies the physical and chemical origins of color by exploring fifteen separate causes of color and their varied and often subtle occurrences in biology, geology, mineralogy, the atmosphere, technology, and the visual arts. It covers all of the fundamental concepts at work and requires no specialized knowledge.Author Kurt Nassau includes hundreds of illustrations, tables, and photographs-as well as end-of-chapter problems-that aid in visualizing the concepts discussed. An updated bibliography permits readers to pursue their own particular interests and an expanded series of appendices cover advanced topics.The Physics and Chemistry of Color, Second Edition is a one-of-a-kind treatment of color that provides both detailed physical and chemical properties of color and a more general overview of the subject. It will prove highly useful to specialists and non-specialists alike-and fascinate those with varied interests from optics to art history.

This paperback reprint of a classic book deals with all phases of light, color, and color vision, providing comprehensive data, formulas, concepts, and procedures needed in basic and applied research in color vision, colorimetry, and photometry.

Provides a particularly good discussion of the electromagnetics of light in bounded media (i.e., fibers).* The only book that treats the two complementary topics, fiber and integrated optics.* A careful and thorough presentation of the topics that make it well suited for self-study.* Includes numerous figures, problems and worked-out solutions.* Discusses all the topics essential to modern optical communication systems including optical fibers, quantum electronics, optical amplifiers, and lasers among others.* Concludes with a chapter that applies the design skills developed throughout the book to realistic problems in fiber optic communication systems.* Heavily illustrated with over 300 figures specially formatted to aid in comprehension.

Volume I:* Provides a particularly good discussion of the electromagnetics of light in bounded media* Only book that treats the two complementary topics, fiber and integrated optics* Careful and thorough presentation of the topics that makes it well suited for courses and self study* Includes numerous problems and solutionsVolume II:* Provides a particularly good discussion of the electromagnetics of light in bounded media (i.e., fibers)* the only book that treats the two complementary topics, fiber and integrated optics.* A careful and thorough presentation of the topics that make it well suited for self-study. It includes numerous problems and worked out solutions

A comprehensive treatment of ultrafast opticsThis book fills the need for a thorough and detailed account of ultrafast optics. Written by one of the most preeminent researchers in the field, it sheds new light on technology that has already had a revolutionary impact on precision frequency metrology, high-speed electrical testing, biomedical imaging, and in revealing the initial steps in chemical reactions.Ultrafast Optics begins with a summary of ultrashort laser pulses and their practical applications in a range of real-world settings. Next, it reviews important background material, including an introduction to Fourier series and Fourier transforms, and goes on to cover: Principles of mode-lockingUltrafast pulse measurement methodsDispersion and dispersion compensationUltrafast nonlinear optics: second orderUltrafast nonlinear optics: third orderMode-locking: selected advanced topicsManipulation of ultrashort pulsesUltrafast time-resolved spectroscopyTerahertz time-domain electromagneticsProfessor Weiner's expertise and cutting-edge research result in a book that is destined to become a seminal text for engineers, researchers, and graduate students alike.

Describes how laser radiation propagates in natural and artificial materials and how the state of radiation can be controlled and manipulated (phase intensity, polarization) by various means. New concepts and useful techniques are described in the problems. Includes many figures, tables, and examples.

The purpose of this third edition is to bring together in a single book descriptions of all tests carried out in the optical shop that are applicable to optical components and systems. This book is intended for the specialist as well as the non-specialist engaged in optical shop testing. There is currently a great deal of research being done in optical engineering. Making this new edition very timely.

Recent earthquakes and space program-related news serve as potentreminders of the uses fiber optic technology offers to anincreasingly complex world. Like living organisms sensitive tosubtle changes in the environment, buildings, structures, and spacevehicles can be equipped to sense and react to their surroundingsby means of hair-thin glass fiber sensors embedded in structuralmaterials and capable of carrying information and measuring changesin stress and other environmental factors. Data is collected andtransmitted to a central location, where the findings are assessedand damage corrected. Fiber Optic Smart Structures pools the expertise of thirty-threeleading professionals, many of whom are pioneers in the field, andoffers a comprehensive introduction to this fast growingtechnology. Beginning with a historical overview and a look at thebackground technology, the book goes on to discuss methods ofembedding optical fibers in modern high-strength, lightweightcomposite materials; ingress and egress of optical fibers; and morespecialized application concerns, including use of the Fabry-Perotinterferometer and Bragg grating sensors. Lower cost options areconsidered in light of performance trade-offs, and broad areacoverage through single-line stringing of multiple fiber sensors iscompared with single and distributed sensor approaches. The last section of the book treats the use of fiber optic smartstructures in a wide range of settings. Discussions includeapplications in environments where high temperature and ultrasonicwaves play a role; in the aerospace industry, where changes in thestructural integrity of the system demand real-time automaticchanges; and a rapidly emerging new direction, earthquake-resistantbuildings and, along similar lines, bridges that performself-diagnostics. The first and only comprehensive professional reference in thisimportant, emerging field, Fiber Optic Smart Structures is a majoraddition to the libraries of aerospace engineers, mechanicalscientists, fiber optics researchers and engineers, architects, andstructural engineers. It is also a first-rate graduate-leveltextbook. The first and only comprehensive reference on this important andemerging field... Fiber Optic Smart Structures is the ultimate resource forengineers, architects, researchers, and anyone with an interest inthis promising new technology. Thirty-three of the world's leadingprofessionals--many of them pioneers in the field--bring youcomprehensive coverage of every important aspect of fiber opticsmart structure technology, including its history and evolution,background technologies, structural and assembly issues, sensingdevices, and numerous applications. Topics of particular interest include:* An introduction to advanced composite materials associated withfiber optic smart structures* Structural integrity of materials containing embedded opticalfibers* Methods of fiber optic ingress and egress for smart structures* Detailed descriptions of the most useful and promising fiberoptic sensors, including those based on the Fabry-Perotinterferometer and Bragg grating* Extended discussions of applications, including the use of fiberoptic smart structures in high-temperature environments, qualitycontrol procedures, aircraft and space vehicles,earthquake-resistant buildings, and bridges that performself-diagnostics* And much more

Bridging the gap between theory and practice, it clarifies important phenomena in photorefractive media and shows how to apply these phenomena in actual situations. While the focus is on the theory of propagation of optical waves and the mixing of electromagnetic radiation in these media, there are also many numerical examples based on real-world situations included for hands-on guidance. In addition to exploring the basics of electromagnetic waves and periodic structures, this practical guide discusses optical phase conjugators and photorefractive resonators; covers fundamental properties of gratings and holograms; details how to use optical information processing, optical interconnection and neural networks; and treats high-order photorefractive effects in optical fibers.

Based on an unpublished revision of the standard reference in the German optics industry. Designed as a source of facts, data and definitions, it reflects state-of-the-art technology and current practices in the United States and abroad. Practical in nature, it presents optical engineers with comprehensive coverage of material, tool and design methods and testing of the final product. Easily accessible with tables, graphs and equations, it will help professionals quickly and accurately find the most suitable solutions to their optical challenges.

Optical Waves in Layered Media presents a clear picture of the propagation of optical waves in layered media and teaches the reader how to design and analyze optical devices using such media. Starting from the simplest case of plane wave propagation in homogeneous media, the author introduces a new matrix method for studying the optical properties of multilayer structures consisting of isotropic materials. He then describes propagation in anisotropic layered media and in inhomogeneous layers, guided waves, the coupling of modes, and the optical properties of superlattices and quantum wells. Optical Waves in Layered Media bridges the gap between theory and practice by means of numerical examples based on real-life situations.

An indispensable treatment of optical signal processing--now in a convenient paperback edition This introduction to optical signal processing offers an unparalleled look at its underlying theory and selected processing applications. Designed as both a senior-level undergraduate or first-year graduate-level textbook and a reference for professionals working in the field, Optical Signal Processing begins with a clear, methodical look at the fundamentals of optical signal processing, forming a firm foundation for a discussion of the field's ever-evolving technological breadth. Beginning with the second half of the book, special emphasis is given to processing wide bandwidth signals in real time by using acousto-optic technology. Complete with detailed study problems that test the limits of students' knowledge, this comprehensive text forms a complete one-volume account of the theory and applications of optical signal processing. Professional engineers and physicists will find the sheer breadth of up-to-date coverage and detail of Optical Signal Processing provides them with an indispensable treatment of this influential technology.

Deals with photonics in free space and special media such as anisotropic crystals.* Covers all important topics from Fourier optics, such as the properties of lenses, optical image processing, and holography to the Gaussian beam, light propagation in anisotropic media, external field effects, polarization of light and its major applications.* The book is self-contained and is suitable as a textbook for a two-semester course.* Provides a particularly good discussion of the electromagnetics of light in bounded media.* Only book that treats the two complementary topics, fiber and integrated optics.* Careful and thorough presentation of the topics that makes it well suited for courses and self study.* Includes numerous figures, problems and worked-out solutions.* Heavily illustrated with over 400 figures specially formatted to aid in comprehension.

The discovery of the Fractional Fourier Transform and its role in optics and data management provides an elegant mathematical framework within which to discuss diffraction and other fundamental aspects of optical systems. This book explains how the fractional Fourier transform has allowed the generalization of the Fourier transform and the notion of the frequency transform. It will serve as the standard reference on Fourier transforms for many years to come.

Presents readers with the basic science, technology, and applications for every type of adaptive lensAn adaptive lens is a lens whose shape has been changed to a different focal length by an external stimulus such as pressure, electric field, magnetic field, or temperature. Introduction to Adaptive Lenses is the first book ever to address all of the fundamental operation principles, device characteristics, and potential applications of various types of adaptive lenses.This comprehensive book covers basic material properties, device structures and performance, image processing and zooming, optical communications, and biomedical imaging. Readers will find homework problems and solutions included at the end of each chapter—and based on the described device structures, they will have the knowledge to fabricate adaptive lenses for practical applications or develop new adaptive devices or concepts for advanced investigation.Introduction to Adaptive Lenses includes chapters on: Optical lenses Elastomeric membrane lenses Electro-wetting lenses Dielectrophoretic lenses Mechanical-wetting lenses Liquid crystal lenses This is an important reference for optical engineers, research scientists, graduate students, and undergraduate seniors.

Clear, integrated coverage of all aspects of nonlinear optics—phenomena, materials, and devicesCoauthored by George Stegeman, one of the most highly respected pioneers of nonlinear optics—with contributions on applications from Robert Stegeman—this book covers nonlinear optics from a combined physics, optics, materials science, and devices perspective. It offers a thoroughly balanced treatment of concepts, nonlinear materials, practical aspects of nonlinear devices, and current application areas.Beginning with the presentation of a simple electron on a spring model—to help readers make the leap from concepts to applications—Nonlinear Optics gives comprehensive explanations of second-order phenomena, derivation of nonlinear susceptibilities, third-order nonlinear effects, multi-wave mixing, scattering, and more. Coverage includes: Nonlinear response of materials at the molecular levelSecond-order nonlinear devices, their optimization and limitationsThe physical origins of second- and third-order nonlinearitiesTypical frequency dispersion of nonlinearities, explained in terms of simple two- and three-level modelsUltrafast and ultrahigh intensity processesPractice problems demonstrating the design of such nonlinear devices as frequency doublers and optical oscillatorsBased on more than twenty years of lectures at the College of Optics and Photonics (CREOL) at the University of Central Florida, Nonlinear Optics introduces all topics from the ground up, making the material easily accessible not only for physicists, but also for chemists and materials scientists, as well as professionals in diverse areas of optics, from laser physics to electrical engineering.