Robert Rohrschneider is Sir Robert Worcester Distinguished Professor of International Public Opinion and Survey Research at the University of Kansas. He teaches Comparative Politics and his research focuses on Comparative Public Opinion, Political Parties, Democratic Representation in Western and Central-Eastern Europe.Jacques Thomassen is an emeritus professor of political science at the University of Twente in the Netherlands. He is member and former secretary general of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. He has held visiting positions at the universities of Michigan, Harvard, Mannheim, the Australian National University, and the European University Institute. He published widely on issues of political representation, electoral behaviour, democracy, and legitimacy. He was a founding member of the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES) and participated in many other projects of comparative political research. Among his publications are Elections and Democracy: Representation and Accountability OUP 2014; Myth and Reality of the Legitimacy Crisis: Explaining trends and cross-national differences in established democracies OUP 2017.

This work provides a comprehensive foundation for understanding current conceptualizations of representation in liberal democracies. Highly recommended. Lower- and upper-division undergraduates. Graduate students, faculty, and professionals.

• Part I. Concept and theories of political representation 1: Jane Mansbridge: The Evolution of Political Representation in Liberal Democracies: Concepts and Practices 2: Carles Boix, WillHorn and Alex Kerchner: The Formation and Development of Liberal Democracies 3: Christian Welzel: The cultural Pre-Requisites of Democracy. 4: Rudy B. Andeweg and Tom Louwerse: The institutional framework of representative democracy: Comparing the Populist-Majoritarian and the Liberal/Consensual Model 5: Carolien van Ham: Electoral Integrity. Part II. Elite Orientations and Behavior 6: Simon Hug: Roll-call voting behavior in legislatures 7: Thomas Zittel: Constituency Candidates and Political Representation Part III. Descriptive representation 8: Anne Philips: Descriptive Representation Revisited 9: Karen Celis and Silvia Erzeel: Gender equality 10: Didier Ruedin: Regional and Ethnic Minorities 11: David Farrell and Peter Stone: Sortition and Mini-Publics: A Different Kind of Representation Part IV. Party Government and Representation 12: Richard S. Katz: The Model of Party Government 13: Russell Dalton: Party Competition and Representation 14: Wouter van der Brug, Eelco Harteveld and Jaap van Slageren: Party government and Voters 15: Reuven Hazan and Reut Itzkovich-Malka: Parliamentarians and Party Groups: the Role of Intra-party Unity 16: Thomas Poguntke and Susan Scarrow: Intra-party Democracy and Representation: Necessity, Complement, or Challenge? 17: Robert Thompson: Parties' Election Manifestos and Public Policies 18: Zoe Lefkofridi: Opinion-Policy congruence 19: Bingham Powell: Mandate vs Accountability 20: André Blais, Ruth Dassonneville and Filip Kostelka: Political equality and Turnout 21: Sören Holmberg: Feeling represented Part V. Beyond Elections as Instruments of Representative Democracy 22: Céline Colombo and Hanspeter Kriesi: Referendums and Direct Democracy 23: Jeremy Richardson: Interest Groups and the Market for Representation 24: Jan van Deth: Non-electoral Participation 25: Christopher Wlezien: Dynamic Representation Part VI. Challenges to representative democracy: domestic origins 26: Mark Bovens and Thomas Schillemans: Non-majoritarian institutions 27: Mark Peffley, Alexander Denison and Travis N. Taylor: Print, Electronic and Social Media and the Transformation of Democratic Representation Part VII: Challenges to Representative Democracies: Populism 28: Pippa Norris: The Populist Challenge to Liberal Democracies 29: Thomas M. Meyer and Markus Wagner: The Rise of Populism in Modern Democracies 30: Zsolt Enyedi and Stephen Whitefield: Populists in Power: Populism and Representation in Illiberal Democracies Part VIII. Challenges to Representative Democracy: International Aspects 31: Timothy Hellwig: Globalization, Electoral Change and Representation 32: Sara B. Hobolt: Representation and the European Union 33: Jorge M. Fernandes and Pedro Magalhães: Does Economic and Political Integration Undermine Representative Democracy? Lessons from the 2008 Economic Crisis in the European Union 34: Richard Bellamy: Globalisation and Representative Democracy: Normative Challenges

Robert Rohrschneider is Sir Robert Worcester Distinguished Professor of International Public Opinion and Survey Research at the University of Kansas. He teaches Comparative Politics and his research focuses on Comparative Public Opinion, Political Parties, Democratic Representation in Western and Central-Eastern Europe.Jacques Thomassen is an emeritus professor of political science at the University of Twente in the Netherlands. He is member and former secretary general of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. He has held visiting positions at the universities of Michigan, Harvard, Mannheim, the Australian National University, and the European University Institute. He published widely on issues of political representation, electoral behaviour, democracy, and legitimacy. He was a founding member of the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES) and participated in many other projects of comparative political research. Among his publications are Elections and Democracy: Representation and Accountability OUP 2014; Myth and Reality of the Legitimacy Crisis: Explaining trends and cross-national differences in established democracies OUP 2017.

This work provides a comprehensive foundation for understanding current conceptualizations of representation in liberal democracies. Highly recommended. Lower- and upper-division undergraduates. Graduate students, faculty, and professionals.

• Part I. Concept and theories of political representation 1: Jane Mansbridge: The Evolution of Political Representation in Liberal Democracies: Concepts and Practices 2: Carles Boix, WillHorn and Alex Kerchner: The Formation and Development of Liberal Democracies 3: Christian Welzel: The cultural Pre-Requisites of Democracy. 4: Rudy B. Andeweg and Tom Louwerse: The institutional framework of representative democracy: Comparing the Populist-Majoritarian and the Liberal/Consensual Model 5: Carolien van Ham: Electoral Integrity. Part II. Elite Orientations and Behavior 6: Simon Hug: Roll-call voting behavior in legislatures 7: Thomas Zittel: Constituency Candidates and Political Representation Part III. Descriptive representation 8: Anne Philips: Descriptive Representation Revisited 9: Karen Celis and Silvia Erzeel: Gender equality 10: Didier Ruedin: Regional and Ethnic Minorities 11: David Farrell and Peter Stone: Sortition and Mini-Publics: A Different Kind of Representation Part IV. Party Government and Representation 12: Richard S. Katz: The Model of Party Government 13: Russell Dalton: Party Competition and Representation 14: Wouter van der Brug, Eelco Harteveld and Jaap van Slageren: Party government and Voters 15: Reuven Hazan and Reut Itzkovich-Malka: Parliamentarians and Party Groups: the Role of Intra-party Unity 16: Thomas Poguntke and Susan Scarrow: Intra-party Democracy and Representation: Necessity, Complement, or Challenge? 17: Robert Thompson: Parties' Election Manifestos and Public Policies 18: Zoe Lefkofridi: Opinion-Policy congruence 19: Bingham Powell: Mandate vs Accountability 20: André Blais, Ruth Dassonneville and Filip Kostelka: Political equality and Turnout 21: Sören Holmberg: Feeling represented Part V. Beyond Elections as Instruments of Representative Democracy 22: Céline Colombo and Hanspeter Kriesi: Referendums and Direct Democracy 23: Jeremy Richardson: Interest Groups and the Market for Representation 24: Jan van Deth: Non-electoral Participation 25: Christopher Wlezien: Dynamic Representation Part VI. Challenges to representative democracy: domestic origins 26: Mark Bovens and Thomas Schillemans: Non-majoritarian institutions 27: Mark Peffley, Alexander Denison and Travis N. Taylor: Print, Electronic and Social Media and the Transformation of Democratic Representation Part VII: Challenges to Representative Democracies: Populism 28: Pippa Norris: The Populist Challenge to Liberal Democracies 29: Thomas M. Meyer and Markus Wagner: The Rise of Populism in Modern Democracies 30: Zsolt Enyedi and Stephen Whitefield: Populists in Power: Populism and Representation in Illiberal Democracies Part VIII. Challenges to Representative Democracy: International Aspects 31: Timothy Hellwig: Globalization, Electoral Change and Representation 32: Sara B. Hobolt: Representation and the European Union 33: Jorge M. Fernandes and Pedro Magalhães: Does Economic and Political Integration Undermine Representative Democracy? Lessons from the 2008 Economic Crisis in the European Union 34: Richard Bellamy: Globalisation and Representative Democracy: Normative Challenges

Robert Rohrschneider is Sir Robert Worcester Distinguished Professor of International Public Opinion and Survey Research at the University of Kansas. He teaches Comparative Politics and his research focuses on Comparative Public Opinion, Political Parties, Democratic Representation in Western and Central-Eastern Europe.Jacques Thomassen is an emeritus professor of political science at the University of Twente in the Netherlands. He is member and former secretary general of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. He has held visiting positions at the universities of Michigan, Harvard, Mannheim, the Australian National University, and the European University Institute. He published widely on issues of political representation, electoral behaviour, democracy, and legitimacy. He was a founding member of the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES) and participated in many other projects of comparative political research. Among his publications are Elections and Democracy: Representation and Accountability OUP 2014; Myth and Reality of the Legitimacy Crisis: Explaining trends and cross-national differences in established democracies OUP 2017.

This work provides a comprehensive foundation for understanding current conceptualizations of representation in liberal democracies. Highly recommended. Lower- and upper-division undergraduates. Graduate students, faculty, and professionals.

• Part I. Concept and theories of political representation 1: Jane Mansbridge: The Evolution of Political Representation in Liberal Democracies: Concepts and Practices 2: Carles Boix, WillHorn and Alex Kerchner: The Formation and Development of Liberal Democracies 3: Christian Welzel: The cultural Pre-Requisites of Democracy. 4: Rudy B. Andeweg and Tom Louwerse: The institutional framework of representative democracy: Comparing the Populist-Majoritarian and the Liberal/Consensual Model 5: Carolien van Ham: Electoral Integrity. Part II. Elite Orientations and Behavior 6: Simon Hug: Roll-call voting behavior in legislatures 7: Thomas Zittel: Constituency Candidates and Political Representation Part III. Descriptive representation 8: Anne Philips: Descriptive Representation Revisited 9: Karen Celis and Silvia Erzeel: Gender equality 10: Didier Ruedin: Regional and Ethnic Minorities 11: David Farrell and Peter Stone: Sortition and Mini-Publics: A Different Kind of Representation Part IV. Party Government and Representation 12: Richard S. Katz: The Model of Party Government 13: Russell Dalton: Party Competition and Representation 14: Wouter van der Brug, Eelco Harteveld and Jaap van Slageren: Party government and Voters 15: Reuven Hazan and Reut Itzkovich-Malka: Parliamentarians and Party Groups: the Role of Intra-party Unity 16: Thomas Poguntke and Susan Scarrow: Intra-party Democracy and Representation: Necessity, Complement, or Challenge? 17: Robert Thompson: Parties' Election Manifestos and Public Policies 18: Zoe Lefkofridi: Opinion-Policy congruence 19: Bingham Powell: Mandate vs Accountability 20: André Blais, Ruth Dassonneville and Filip Kostelka: Political equality and Turnout 21: Sören Holmberg: Feeling represented Part V. Beyond Elections as Instruments of Representative Democracy 22: Céline Colombo and Hanspeter Kriesi: Referendums and Direct Democracy 23: Jeremy Richardson: Interest Groups and the Market for Representation 24: Jan van Deth: Non-electoral Participation 25: Christopher Wlezien: Dynamic Representation Part VI. Challenges to representative democracy: domestic origins 26: Mark Bovens and Thomas Schillemans: Non-majoritarian institutions 27: Mark Peffley, Alexander Denison and Travis N. Taylor: Print, Electronic and Social Media and the Transformation of Democratic Representation Part VII: Challenges to Representative Democracies: Populism 28: Pippa Norris: The Populist Challenge to Liberal Democracies 29: Thomas M. Meyer and Markus Wagner: The Rise of Populism in Modern Democracies 30: Zsolt Enyedi and Stephen Whitefield: Populists in Power: Populism and Representation in Illiberal Democracies Part VIII. Challenges to Representative Democracy: International Aspects 31: Timothy Hellwig: Globalization, Electoral Change and Representation 32: Sara B. Hobolt: Representation and the European Union 33: Jorge M. Fernandes and Pedro Magalhães: Does Economic and Political Integration Undermine Representative Democracy? Lessons from the 2008 Economic Crisis in the European Union 34: Richard Bellamy: Globalisation and Representative Democracy: Normative Challenges