Aijaz Ahmad Wachkoo is currently posted as an Assistant Professor (Zoology) at Government Degree College Shopian, Jammu & Kashmir, India. He obtained his Master’s Degree in Zoology from the University of Kashmir, Jammu & Kashmir, India, and Ph.D. from Punjabi University, Patiala, India. He has also been a DS Kothari Postdoctoral Fellow (PDF) at University of Kashmir, Jammu & Kashmir, India, besides having the distinction of qualifying in the National Eligibility Test (Council of Scientific & Industrial Research/University Grants Commission), the Nationali Eligibility Test (Indian Council of Agricultural Research/Agricultural Scientists Recruitment Board), and the Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering. He has also qualified at the Union Public Service Commission for the post of Assistant Professor. To date, he has discovered 31 new species of insects: mostly ants (27 species), 2 beetle species, 1 dipteran fly and 1 braconid wasp. He has also reported 33 insect taxa across Diptera, Hemiptera and Hymenoptera for the first time from India. To stabilize the nomenclature, he has designated neotypes and lectotypes of several species. He has proposed new combinations and raised many infraspecific taxa to full species status. Other than systematics, he is actively engaged in ecological and conservation studies. He has already published over 60 research articles, 1 book and 3 book chapters. He has also attended 8 international conferences and 35 national/regional conferences, symposia and workshops.Gulzar Ahmad Nayik completed his Master’s Degree in Food Technology from Islamic University of Science & Technology, Awantipora, Jammu & Kashmir, India, and his PhD from Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering & Technology, Longowal, Sangrur, Punjab, India. He has published over 90 peer-reviewed research and review papers, authored/co-authored 90 book chapters, and edited 13 books with Springer, Elsevier, Royal Society of Chemistry and Taylor & Francis. He has also delivered a number of presentations at various national and international conferences, seminars, workshops and webinars. He was shortlisted twice, in 2017 and 2018, for the prestigious Inspire-Faculty Award from the Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi, India. He was nominated for India’s prestigious National Award (Indian National Science Academy Medal for Young Scientists 2019–20). He also fulfils the roles of editor, associate editor, assistant editor and reviewer for many food science and technology journals. He has received many awards, appreciations and recognitions and is a member of various international societies and organizations. He is currently editing several book projects for Elsevier, Taylor & Francis, Springer Nature and the Royal Society of Chemistry.Jalal Uddin completed his Master’s Degree in Chemistry from University of Karachi, Pakistan, and PhD in Food Analytical Chemistry from University of Padua, Italy. He has also completed postdoctoral qualification from Montana State University, USA. He is currently working as Assistant Professor in Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry in King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. He has specialized in food safety, authenticity, and quality evaluation and also in nuclear magnetic resonance and the mass-based metabolomic/metabonomic approach in nutritional and epidemiological studies. He has published over 60 peer-reviewed research and review papers, and many book chapters, and has delivered a number of presentations at various national and international conferences, seminars, workshops and webinars. He manages the honey quality control laboratory in the Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry department, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaMohammad Javed Ansari is currently working as Assistant Professor in the Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. He has also worked as Assistant Professor in the Department of Plant Protection, College of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from 2010 to 2017. He obtained his PhD in Biotechnology from Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India, and his MSc in Botany from Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, India. He has published over 150 research/review articles in high impact factor journals. He has worked as Principal Investigator in many funded projects in King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. He has participated in many national and international conferences (Abu Dhabi, Belgium, Indonesia, Turkey, the USA, Italy, Romania, Germany, Spain, Cuba, Australia, Egypt, Ukraine, Ethopia, Portugal). He is an editorial board member of many renowned journals and also a member of many international scientific associations and societies. He has supervised many students at master’s level and doctorate level.

• PrefaceAbout the EditorsContributors1. The Origin and Evolution of Beekeeping. 2. Honeybee social structure. 3. Sex and caste determination and life cycle of honeybees. 4. Honeybee Behavior. 5. Pests and diseases of honeybees. 6. Honey. 7. Royal Jelly. 8. Bee pollen. 9. Propolis. 10. Bee Wax. 11. Bee venom: composition and therapeutic potential.Index

Aijaz Ahmad Wachkoo is currently posted as an Assistant Professor (Zoology) at Government Degree College Shopian, Jammu & Kashmir, India. He obtained his Master’s Degree in Zoology from the University of Kashmir, Jammu & Kashmir, India, and Ph.D. from Punjabi University, Patiala, India. He has also been a DS Kothari Postdoctoral Fellow (PDF) at University of Kashmir, Jammu & Kashmir, India, besides having the distinction of qualifying in the National Eligibility Test (Council of Scientific & Industrial Research/University Grants Commission), the Nationali Eligibility Test (Indian Council of Agricultural Research/Agricultural Scientists Recruitment Board), and the Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering. He has also qualified at the Union Public Service Commission for the post of Assistant Professor. To date, he has discovered 31 new species of insects: mostly ants (27 species), 2 beetle species, 1 dipteran fly and 1 braconid wasp. He has also reported 33 insect taxa across Diptera, Hemiptera and Hymenoptera for the first time from India. To stabilize the nomenclature, he has designated neotypes and lectotypes of several species. He has proposed new combinations and raised many infraspecific taxa to full species status. Other than systematics, he is actively engaged in ecological and conservation studies. He has already published over 60 research articles, 1 book and 3 book chapters. He has also attended 8 international conferences and 35 national/regional conferences, symposia and workshops.Gulzar Ahmad Nayik completed his Master’s Degree in Food Technology from Islamic University of Science & Technology, Awantipora, Jammu & Kashmir, India, and his PhD from Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering & Technology, Longowal, Sangrur, Punjab, India. He has published over 90 peer-reviewed research and review papers, authored/co-authored 90 book chapters, and edited 13 books with Springer, Elsevier, Royal Society of Chemistry and Taylor & Francis. He has also delivered a number of presentations at various national and international conferences, seminars, workshops and webinars. He was shortlisted twice, in 2017 and 2018, for the prestigious Inspire-Faculty Award from the Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi, India. He was nominated for India’s prestigious National Award (Indian National Science Academy Medal for Young Scientists 2019–20). He also fulfils the roles of editor, associate editor, assistant editor and reviewer for many food science and technology journals. He has received many awards, appreciations and recognitions and is a member of various international societies and organizations. He is currently editing several book projects for Elsevier, Taylor & Francis, Springer Nature and the Royal Society of Chemistry.Jalal Uddin completed his Master’s Degree in Chemistry from University of Karachi, Pakistan, and PhD in Food Analytical Chemistry from University of Padua, Italy. He has also completed postdoctoral qualification from Montana State University, USA. He is currently working as Assistant Professor in Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry in King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. He has specialized in food safety, authenticity, and quality evaluation and also in nuclear magnetic resonance and the mass-based metabolomic/metabonomic approach in nutritional and epidemiological studies. He has published over 60 peer-reviewed research and review papers, and many book chapters, and has delivered a number of presentations at various national and international conferences, seminars, workshops and webinars. He manages the honey quality control laboratory in the Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry department, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaMohammad Javed Ansari is currently working as Assistant Professor in the Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. He has also worked as Assistant Professor in the Department of Plant Protection, College of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from 2010 to 2017. He obtained his PhD in Biotechnology from Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India, and his MSc in Botany from Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, India. He has published over 150 research/review articles in high impact factor journals. He has worked as Principal Investigator in many funded projects in King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. He has participated in many national and international conferences (Abu Dhabi, Belgium, Indonesia, Turkey, the USA, Italy, Romania, Germany, Spain, Cuba, Australia, Egypt, Ukraine, Ethopia, Portugal). He is an editorial board member of many renowned journals and also a member of many international scientific associations and societies. He has supervised many students at master’s level and doctorate level.

• PrefaceAbout the EditorsContributors1. The Origin and Evolution of Beekeeping. 2. Honeybee social structure. 3. Sex and caste determination and life cycle of honeybees. 4. Honeybee Behavior. 5. Pests and diseases of honeybees. 6. Honey. 7. Royal Jelly. 8. Bee pollen. 9. Propolis. 10. Bee Wax. 11. Bee venom: composition and therapeutic potential.Index

Aijaz Ahmad Wachkoo is currently posted as an Assistant Professor (Zoology) at Government Degree College Shopian, Jammu & Kashmir, India. He obtained his Master’s Degree in Zoology from the University of Kashmir, Jammu & Kashmir, India, and Ph.D. from Punjabi University, Patiala, India. He has also been a DS Kothari Postdoctoral Fellow (PDF) at University of Kashmir, Jammu & Kashmir, India, besides having the distinction of qualifying in the National Eligibility Test (Council of Scientific & Industrial Research/University Grants Commission), the Nationali Eligibility Test (Indian Council of Agricultural Research/Agricultural Scientists Recruitment Board), and the Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering. He has also qualified at the Union Public Service Commission for the post of Assistant Professor. To date, he has discovered 31 new species of insects: mostly ants (27 species), 2 beetle species, 1 dipteran fly and 1 braconid wasp. He has also reported 33 insect taxa across Diptera, Hemiptera and Hymenoptera for the first time from India. To stabilize the nomenclature, he has designated neotypes and lectotypes of several species. He has proposed new combinations and raised many infraspecific taxa to full species status. Other than systematics, he is actively engaged in ecological and conservation studies. He has already published over 60 research articles, 1 book and 3 book chapters. He has also attended 8 international conferences and 35 national/regional conferences, symposia and workshops.Gulzar Ahmad Nayik completed his Master’s Degree in Food Technology from Islamic University of Science & Technology, Awantipora, Jammu & Kashmir, India, and his PhD from Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering & Technology, Longowal, Sangrur, Punjab, India. He has published over 90 peer-reviewed research and review papers, authored/co-authored 90 book chapters, and edited 13 books with Springer, Elsevier, Royal Society of Chemistry and Taylor & Francis. He has also delivered a number of presentations at various national and international conferences, seminars, workshops and webinars. He was shortlisted twice, in 2017 and 2018, for the prestigious Inspire-Faculty Award from the Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi, India. He was nominated for India’s prestigious National Award (Indian National Science Academy Medal for Young Scientists 2019–20). He also fulfils the roles of editor, associate editor, assistant editor and reviewer for many food science and technology journals. He has received many awards, appreciations and recognitions and is a member of various international societies and organizations. He is currently editing several book projects for Elsevier, Taylor & Francis, Springer Nature and the Royal Society of Chemistry.Jalal Uddin completed his Master’s Degree in Chemistry from University of Karachi, Pakistan, and PhD in Food Analytical Chemistry from University of Padua, Italy. He has also completed postdoctoral qualification from Montana State University, USA. He is currently working as Assistant Professor in Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry in King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. He has specialized in food safety, authenticity, and quality evaluation and also in nuclear magnetic resonance and the mass-based metabolomic/metabonomic approach in nutritional and epidemiological studies. He has published over 60 peer-reviewed research and review papers, and many book chapters, and has delivered a number of presentations at various national and international conferences, seminars, workshops and webinars. He manages the honey quality control laboratory in the Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry department, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaMohammad Javed Ansari is currently working as Assistant Professor in the Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. He has also worked as Assistant Professor in the Department of Plant Protection, College of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from 2010 to 2017. He obtained his PhD in Biotechnology from Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India, and his MSc in Botany from Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, India. He has published over 150 research/review articles in high impact factor journals. He has worked as Principal Investigator in many funded projects in King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. He has participated in many national and international conferences (Abu Dhabi, Belgium, Indonesia, Turkey, the USA, Italy, Romania, Germany, Spain, Cuba, Australia, Egypt, Ukraine, Ethopia, Portugal). He is an editorial board member of many renowned journals and also a member of many international scientific associations and societies. He has supervised many students at master’s level and doctorate level.

• PrefaceAbout the EditorsContributors1. The Origin and Evolution of Beekeeping. 2. Honeybee social structure. 3. Sex and caste determination and life cycle of honeybees. 4. Honeybee Behavior. 5. Pests and diseases of honeybees. 6. Honey. 7. Royal Jelly. 8. Bee pollen. 9. Propolis. 10. Bee Wax. 11. Bee venom: composition and therapeutic potential.Index