Edited by Siri Jakobsen, Associate Professor of Innovation, Thomas Lauvås, Associate Professor of Innovation, Nord University Business School, Nord University, Norway, Francesco Quatraro, Professor, Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Torino, Italy, Einar Rasmussen, Professor, Marianne Steinmo, Associate Professor, Nord University Business School, Norway

‘In a world grappling with the challenges posed by wasteful consumption patterns and the environmental crises they engender, the concept of a circular economy has emerged as a beacon of hope. The Research Handbook of Innovation for a Circular Economy, edited by a team comprising Siri Jakobsen, Thomas Lauvas, Francesco Quatraro, Einar Rasmussen, and Marianne Steinmo, offers a comprehensive dive into this transformative paradigm, bringing together nuanced perspectives and in-depth analyses on the multifaceted realms of circular economy innovation.’

• Contents:Preface xiPART I INTRODUCTION TO INNOVATION FOR A CIRCULAR ECONOMY1 Introduction to the Research Handbook of Innovation for a Circular Economy 2Siri Jakobsen, Thomas Lauvås, Francesco Quatraro, Einar Rasmussen andMarianne Steinmo2 Research propels the circular industrial economy from the material tothe immaterial ‘world’ 12Walter R. StahelPART II FIRM-LEVEL ENABLERS FOR CIRCULAR ECONOMY INNOVATION3 Sustainability innovations in the manufacturing industry: a comparisonof circular and climate innovation initiatives 25Fanny Hermundsdottir, Ann Elida Eide and Arild Aspelund4 Value retention in the Norwegian and Swedish outdoor industry 36Are Severin Ingulfsvann5 Toward a sustainable paradigm: circular economy solutions in thefashion industry 47Won-Yong Oh, Young Kyun Chang, Jung Hwan Park and Sanghee Han6 From vision to commercialization of a circular economy innovation:a longitudinal study of overcoming challenges throughout the fullinnovation process 59Jenni Kaipainen and Leena Aarikka-Stenroos7 Organizing for a circular economy: internal activism and organizationalboundaries in SMEs 72Chia-Hao Ho, David Monciardini and Edvard GlücksmanPART III COLLABORATIVE INNOVATION FOR THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY8 Open innovation and the adoption of environmental processinnovations: information source and proximity to partner types 85Robert A. W. Kok, Ward Ooms and Paul E. M. Ligthart9 A reverse logistics framework for circular supply chains 98Stine Sonen Tveit, Ottar Bakås and Maria10 Exploring shared value creation in circular food systems: the case ofa Norwegian food bank 110Heidi C. Dreyer, Luitzen De Boer, Marte Lønvik Bjørnsund and Anna PaulineHeggli11 How waste becomes value: the new ecology of surplus heat exchange inNorwegian industry 122Jens Petter Johansen and Jens Røyrvik12 The circular water economy and the ‘seven C’s’ 133Greg O’Shea, Seppo Luoto, Sanne Bor, Henri Hakala and Iben Bolund Nielsen13 Drivers and barriers for industrial symbiosis: the case of Mo Industrial Park 144Siri Jakobsen and Marianne SteinmoPART IV TYPES OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY INNOVATIONS14 Simultaneous adoption of circular innovations: a challenge for rapidgrowth of the circular economy 160Arild Aspelund, Martin Fredrik Olsen and Ottar Michelsen15 Business model innovation for a circular economy: adapting to create value 174Maria Figueroa-Armijos16 Exploring the entrepreneurial landscape and systemic barriers ofcircular business models 183Even Bjørnstad and Jorunn Grande17 How innovations catalyse the circular economy: building a map ofcircular economy innovation types from a multiple-case study 195Anil Engez, Valtteri Ranta and Leena Aarikka-Stenroos18 Salmon farming firms moving towards resource circularity: a typologyof resource loop innovations 210Karin Wigger, Thomas Lauvås, Siri Jakobsen and Marianne SteinmoPART V TECHNOLOGY AND DIGITALIZATION FOR A CIRCULARECONOMY19 Experimenting with new business model strategies for the circular economy 222Nancy Bocken, Christiaan Kraaijenhagen, Jan Konietzko, Brian Baldassarre,Phil Brown and Cheyenne Schuit20 How digital technologies boost value potential creation and valuerealization in CE: insights from a multiple case study across industries 236Sami Rusthollkarhu, Valtteri Ranta and Leena Aarikka-Stenroos21 The circular economy impacts of digital academic spin-offs 251Phuc Hong Huynh and Einar Rasmussen22 Towards measuring innovation for circular economy using patent data 265Dolores Modic, Alan Johnson and Miha Vučkovič23 The geography of circular economy technologies in Europe:evolutionary patterns and technological convergence 277Fabrizio Fusillo, Francesco Quatraro and Cristina SanthiàPART VI INFRASTRUCTURE ENABLING A CIRCULAR ECONOMY24 Fund model innovations for circular economy investing 295Puck Hegeman25 The circular economy, openness, and dispersed access to research results 307Haakon Thue Lie, Knut Jørgen Egelie, Christoph Grimpe and Roger Sørheim26 Opportunity domains for new entrants in the circular economy:a keyword-in-context analysis of Norwegian R&D tax incentive projects 316Roberto Rivas Hermann, Are Jensen and Peter Gianiodis27 Circular public procurement: innovation tool for municipalities? 328Elena Dybtsyna, Dolores Modic, Kristina Nikolajeva and Raymond SørgårdHansenIndex

Edited by Siri Jakobsen, Associate Professor of Innovation, Thomas Lauvås, Associate Professor of Innovation, Nord University Business School, Nord University, Norway, Francesco Quatraro, Professor, Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Torino, Italy, Einar Rasmussen, Professor, Marianne Steinmo, Associate Professor, Nord University Business School, Norway

‘In a world grappling with the challenges posed by wasteful consumption patterns and the environmental crises they engender, the concept of a circular economy has emerged as a beacon of hope. The Research Handbook of Innovation for a Circular Economy, edited by a team comprising Siri Jakobsen, Thomas Lauvas, Francesco Quatraro, Einar Rasmussen, and Marianne Steinmo, offers a comprehensive dive into this transformative paradigm, bringing together nuanced perspectives and in-depth analyses on the multifaceted realms of circular economy innovation.’

• Contents:Preface xiPART I INTRODUCTION TO INNOVATION FOR A CIRCULAR ECONOMY1 Introduction to the Research Handbook of Innovation for a Circular Economy 2Siri Jakobsen, Thomas Lauvås, Francesco Quatraro, Einar Rasmussen andMarianne Steinmo2 Research propels the circular industrial economy from the material tothe immaterial ‘world’ 12Walter R. StahelPART II FIRM-LEVEL ENABLERS FOR CIRCULAR ECONOMY INNOVATION3 Sustainability innovations in the manufacturing industry: a comparisonof circular and climate innovation initiatives 25Fanny Hermundsdottir, Ann Elida Eide and Arild Aspelund4 Value retention in the Norwegian and Swedish outdoor industry 36Are Severin Ingulfsvann5 Toward a sustainable paradigm: circular economy solutions in thefashion industry 47Won-Yong Oh, Young Kyun Chang, Jung Hwan Park and Sanghee Han6 From vision to commercialization of a circular economy innovation:a longitudinal study of overcoming challenges throughout the fullinnovation process 59Jenni Kaipainen and Leena Aarikka-Stenroos7 Organizing for a circular economy: internal activism and organizationalboundaries in SMEs 72Chia-Hao Ho, David Monciardini and Edvard GlücksmanPART III COLLABORATIVE INNOVATION FOR THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY8 Open innovation and the adoption of environmental processinnovations: information source and proximity to partner types 85Robert A. W. Kok, Ward Ooms and Paul E. M. Ligthart9 A reverse logistics framework for circular supply chains 98Stine Sonen Tveit, Ottar Bakås and Maria10 Exploring shared value creation in circular food systems: the case ofa Norwegian food bank 110Heidi C. Dreyer, Luitzen De Boer, Marte Lønvik Bjørnsund and Anna PaulineHeggli11 How waste becomes value: the new ecology of surplus heat exchange inNorwegian industry 122Jens Petter Johansen and Jens Røyrvik12 The circular water economy and the ‘seven C’s’ 133Greg O’Shea, Seppo Luoto, Sanne Bor, Henri Hakala and Iben Bolund Nielsen13 Drivers and barriers for industrial symbiosis: the case of Mo Industrial Park 144Siri Jakobsen and Marianne SteinmoPART IV TYPES OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY INNOVATIONS14 Simultaneous adoption of circular innovations: a challenge for rapidgrowth of the circular economy 160Arild Aspelund, Martin Fredrik Olsen and Ottar Michelsen15 Business model innovation for a circular economy: adapting to create value 174Maria Figueroa-Armijos16 Exploring the entrepreneurial landscape and systemic barriers ofcircular business models 183Even Bjørnstad and Jorunn Grande17 How innovations catalyse the circular economy: building a map ofcircular economy innovation types from a multiple-case study 195Anil Engez, Valtteri Ranta and Leena Aarikka-Stenroos18 Salmon farming firms moving towards resource circularity: a typologyof resource loop innovations 210Karin Wigger, Thomas Lauvås, Siri Jakobsen and Marianne SteinmoPART V TECHNOLOGY AND DIGITALIZATION FOR A CIRCULARECONOMY19 Experimenting with new business model strategies for the circular economy 222Nancy Bocken, Christiaan Kraaijenhagen, Jan Konietzko, Brian Baldassarre,Phil Brown and Cheyenne Schuit20 How digital technologies boost value potential creation and valuerealization in CE: insights from a multiple case study across industries 236Sami Rusthollkarhu, Valtteri Ranta and Leena Aarikka-Stenroos21 The circular economy impacts of digital academic spin-offs 251Phuc Hong Huynh and Einar Rasmussen22 Towards measuring innovation for circular economy using patent data 265Dolores Modic, Alan Johnson and Miha Vučkovič23 The geography of circular economy technologies in Europe:evolutionary patterns and technological convergence 277Fabrizio Fusillo, Francesco Quatraro and Cristina SanthiàPART VI INFRASTRUCTURE ENABLING A CIRCULAR ECONOMY24 Fund model innovations for circular economy investing 295Puck Hegeman25 The circular economy, openness, and dispersed access to research results 307Haakon Thue Lie, Knut Jørgen Egelie, Christoph Grimpe and Roger Sørheim26 Opportunity domains for new entrants in the circular economy:a keyword-in-context analysis of Norwegian R&D tax incentive projects 316Roberto Rivas Hermann, Are Jensen and Peter Gianiodis27 Circular public procurement: innovation tool for municipalities? 328Elena Dybtsyna, Dolores Modic, Kristina Nikolajeva and Raymond SørgårdHansenIndex

Edited by Siri Jakobsen, Associate Professor of Innovation, Thomas Lauvås, Associate Professor of Innovation, Nord University Business School, Nord University, Norway, Francesco Quatraro, Professor, Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Torino, Italy, Einar Rasmussen, Professor, Marianne Steinmo, Associate Professor, Nord University Business School, Norway

‘In a world grappling with the challenges posed by wasteful consumption patterns and the environmental crises they engender, the concept of a circular economy has emerged as a beacon of hope. The Research Handbook of Innovation for a Circular Economy, edited by a team comprising Siri Jakobsen, Thomas Lauvas, Francesco Quatraro, Einar Rasmussen, and Marianne Steinmo, offers a comprehensive dive into this transformative paradigm, bringing together nuanced perspectives and in-depth analyses on the multifaceted realms of circular economy innovation.’

• Contents:Preface xiPART I INTRODUCTION TO INNOVATION FOR A CIRCULAR ECONOMY1 Introduction to the Research Handbook of Innovation for a Circular Economy 2Siri Jakobsen, Thomas Lauvås, Francesco Quatraro, Einar Rasmussen andMarianne Steinmo2 Research propels the circular industrial economy from the material tothe immaterial ‘world’ 12Walter R. StahelPART II FIRM-LEVEL ENABLERS FOR CIRCULAR ECONOMY INNOVATION3 Sustainability innovations in the manufacturing industry: a comparisonof circular and climate innovation initiatives 25Fanny Hermundsdottir, Ann Elida Eide and Arild Aspelund4 Value retention in the Norwegian and Swedish outdoor industry 36Are Severin Ingulfsvann5 Toward a sustainable paradigm: circular economy solutions in thefashion industry 47Won-Yong Oh, Young Kyun Chang, Jung Hwan Park and Sanghee Han6 From vision to commercialization of a circular economy innovation:a longitudinal study of overcoming challenges throughout the fullinnovation process 59Jenni Kaipainen and Leena Aarikka-Stenroos7 Organizing for a circular economy: internal activism and organizationalboundaries in SMEs 72Chia-Hao Ho, David Monciardini and Edvard GlücksmanPART III COLLABORATIVE INNOVATION FOR THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY8 Open innovation and the adoption of environmental processinnovations: information source and proximity to partner types 85Robert A. W. Kok, Ward Ooms and Paul E. M. Ligthart9 A reverse logistics framework for circular supply chains 98Stine Sonen Tveit, Ottar Bakås and Maria10 Exploring shared value creation in circular food systems: the case ofa Norwegian food bank 110Heidi C. Dreyer, Luitzen De Boer, Marte Lønvik Bjørnsund and Anna PaulineHeggli11 How waste becomes value: the new ecology of surplus heat exchange inNorwegian industry 122Jens Petter Johansen and Jens Røyrvik12 The circular water economy and the ‘seven C’s’ 133Greg O’Shea, Seppo Luoto, Sanne Bor, Henri Hakala and Iben Bolund Nielsen13 Drivers and barriers for industrial symbiosis: the case of Mo Industrial Park 144Siri Jakobsen and Marianne SteinmoPART IV TYPES OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY INNOVATIONS14 Simultaneous adoption of circular innovations: a challenge for rapidgrowth of the circular economy 160Arild Aspelund, Martin Fredrik Olsen and Ottar Michelsen15 Business model innovation for a circular economy: adapting to create value 174Maria Figueroa-Armijos16 Exploring the entrepreneurial landscape and systemic barriers ofcircular business models 183Even Bjørnstad and Jorunn Grande17 How innovations catalyse the circular economy: building a map ofcircular economy innovation types from a multiple-case study 195Anil Engez, Valtteri Ranta and Leena Aarikka-Stenroos18 Salmon farming firms moving towards resource circularity: a typologyof resource loop innovations 210Karin Wigger, Thomas Lauvås, Siri Jakobsen and Marianne SteinmoPART V TECHNOLOGY AND DIGITALIZATION FOR A CIRCULARECONOMY19 Experimenting with new business model strategies for the circular economy 222Nancy Bocken, Christiaan Kraaijenhagen, Jan Konietzko, Brian Baldassarre,Phil Brown and Cheyenne Schuit20 How digital technologies boost value potential creation and valuerealization in CE: insights from a multiple case study across industries 236Sami Rusthollkarhu, Valtteri Ranta and Leena Aarikka-Stenroos21 The circular economy impacts of digital academic spin-offs 251Phuc Hong Huynh and Einar Rasmussen22 Towards measuring innovation for circular economy using patent data 265Dolores Modic, Alan Johnson and Miha Vučkovič23 The geography of circular economy technologies in Europe:evolutionary patterns and technological convergence 277Fabrizio Fusillo, Francesco Quatraro and Cristina SanthiàPART VI INFRASTRUCTURE ENABLING A CIRCULAR ECONOMY24 Fund model innovations for circular economy investing 295Puck Hegeman25 The circular economy, openness, and dispersed access to research results 307Haakon Thue Lie, Knut Jørgen Egelie, Christoph Grimpe and Roger Sørheim26 Opportunity domains for new entrants in the circular economy:a keyword-in-context analysis of Norwegian R&D tax incentive projects 316Roberto Rivas Hermann, Are Jensen and Peter Gianiodis27 Circular public procurement: innovation tool for municipalities? 328Elena Dybtsyna, Dolores Modic, Kristina Nikolajeva and Raymond SørgårdHansenIndex