Arthur Schopenhauer – författare

Aforismer i levnadsvishet (1851) var en skrift som ingick i Schopenahuers verk Parerga und Paralipomena (1851) - en samling filosofiska reflektioner i två volymer ej avsedda som en introduktion till hans tankebanor och inte heller en summering av dessa, men som ändå med fördel kan läsas av den oinitierade. C.V.E. Carlys översättning har dammats av och varsamt redigerats och bearbetats. I Aforismer i levnadsvishet överger Schopenhauer den traditionella filosofiska jargongen för en snabb och övertygande stil som mer direkt uttrycker viljans metafysik. I texten förespråkar han individuell viljestyrka, oberoende och förnuftiga överväganden framför tendensen att agera på irrationella impulser. Han presenterar riktlinjer för att uppnå ett fullt och rikt sätt att leva - med den lilla knorren - att även ett gott liv bör sträva efter något större och ädlare. Bland annat skriver han: "Varje dag är ett liv i smått, till vilken uppvaknandet är födelsen och dess avslutning med sömnen är döden. Så är också varje insomnande en daglig död och varje uppvaknande en daglig ny födelse. Ja, för att genomföra liknelsen, kan man betrakta obehaget och svårigheten vid uppstigandet som födslovåndorna." Han belyser även kallt detta ack så vanliga bland människorna - kanske än mer aktuellt på 2000-talet: "[...] fåfängans tillfredsställelse är, det ser man dagligen, en njutning, som folk värderar mer än allt annat; men den är möjlig endast genom det att man jämför sig med andra." Boken är full av liknande skarpsinne och förnuftigheter. Schopenhauer får här sista ordet: "Rikedom är som havsvattnet: ju mer man dricker av det, desto törstigare blir man."

Eristisk dialektik är konsten att debattera så att man alltid får rätt. I sin bok beskriver Schopenhauer 38 tekniker för at vinna en diskussion: elaka, onda, sluga, kränkande, lögnaktiga, manipulerande men också ytterst effektiva. För vem bryr sig om sanningen eller det rätta? Det handlar om att vinna diskussioner och debatter till varje pris per fas et nefas. Kan man tro. Eristik rymmer också en teoretisk del om förhållandet mellan logik och dialektik och om den eviga mystik som omger konsten att få rätt. Den är på en gång en lärd filosofisk avhandling och en humoristisk handbok i det rättshaveri som av naturen utmärker människan: att hon alltid vet bäst. Med introduktion av Anders Sigrell, som sätter in Schopenhauer i ett retoriskt perspektiv. Översatt av Fredrik Linde 2:a upplagan 2010

What is the meaning of life? How should I live? Is there any purpose to the universe? Generations have turned to the great German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer because he tackled the big issues. His influence has extended not only to later philosophers - Nietzsche foremost among them - but across the most brilliant novelists, musicians, and artists of all disciplines. Schopenhauer believed that the world was a cold, absurd place, and that it was only by the force of an individual's Will that any meaning could be created. He also believed that the universe itself had a Will-a spiritual force many have likened to The Way, spoken of by Taoists. This, the first English collection of Schopenhauer's work, is a much-needed book. Schopenhauer wrote thousands of pages. Volume 1 of his most famous work, "The World as Will and Representation", alone runs over 750 pages. As a result, it has been daunting to know where to begin to read Schopenhauer, despite his immense reputation. Now, just as Basic Writings did for Heidegger and Nietzsche, our new collection will open English readers to Schopenhauer's profound ideas - almost as if for the first time.

Om döden och det odödliga är en avhandling som återfinns i den fjärde boken (kap. 41) i Schopenhauers kardinalverk Världen som vilja och föreställning (1844). Då denna förhållandevis korta text fallit i glömska under decennier är det trevligt att återigen få presentera den för svenska läsare. C.V.E. Carlys översättning har dammats av och varsamt redigerats. Alldeles i avhandlingens början skriver Schopenhauer: "[...] om ingen död fanns, skulle man väl knappast filosofera." OBS - Döden och det odödliga finns inte med i Efraim Skölds översättning av Världen som vilja och föreställning då översättningen är gjord efter den äldre tyska utgåvan.

Edited and with an introduction by Eugene Thacker, On the Suffering of the World comprises a core selection of Schopenhauer's later writings, gathered together for the first time in print. These texts, produced during the last decades of Schopenhauer's long life, reveal a unique kind of philosophy, expressed in a singular style. Eschewing the tradition of dry, totalizing, academic philosophy prevalent during the time, Schopenhauer's later writings mark a shift towards a philosophy of aphorisms, fragments, anecdotes and observations, written in a literary style that is by turns antagonistic, resigned, confessional, and filled with all the fragile contours of an intellectual memoir. Here Schopenhauer allows himself to pose challenging questions regarding the fate of the human species, the role of suffering in the world, and the rift between self and world that increasingly has come to define human existence, to this day. It is these writings of Schopenhauer that later generations of artists, poets, musicians, and philosophers would identify as exemplifying the pessimism of their era, and perhaps of our own as well. On the Suffering of the Worldis presented with an introduction that places Schopenhauer's thought in its intellectual context, while also connecting it to contemporary concerns over climate change, the anthropocene, and the spectre of human extinction. The book also includes a bibliography and chronology of Schopenhauer's life.

One of the greatest philosophers of the nineteenth century, Schopenhauer (1788-1860) believed that human action is determined not by reason but by 'will' - the blind and irrational desire for physical existence. This selection of his writings on religion, ethics, politics, women, suicide, books and many other themes is taken from Schopenhauer's last work, Parerga and Paralipomena, which he published in 1851. These pieces depict humanity as locked in a struggle beyond good and evil, and each individual absolutely free within a Godless world, in which art, morality and self-awareness are our only salvation. This innovative - and pessimistic - view has proved powerfully influential upon philosophy and art, directly affecting the work of Nietzsche, Wittgenstein and Wagner among others.

In this essay from Schopenhauer's final work, Parerga und Paralipomena (1851), the philosopher favors individual strength of will and independent, reasoned deliberation over the tendency to act on irrational impulses. He examines the ways in which life can be arranged to derive the highest degree of pleasure and success.

Throughout history, some books have changed the world. They have transformed the way we see ourselves - and each other. They have inspired debate, dissent, war and revolution. They have enlightened, outraged, provoked and comforted. They have enriched lives - and destroyed them. Now Penguin brings you the works of the great thinkers, pioneers, radicals and visionaries whose ideas shook civilization, and helped make us who we are.

One of the greatest philosophers of the nineteenth century, Schopenhauer (1788-1860) believed that human action is determined not by reason but by 'will' - the blind and irrational desire for physical existence. This selection of his writings on religion, ethics, politics, women, suicide, books and many other themes is taken from Schopenhauer's last work, Parerga and Paralipomena, which he published in 1851. These pieces depict humanity as locked in a struggle beyond good and evil, and each individual absolutely free within a Godless world, in which art, morality and self-awareness are our only salvation. This innovative - and pessimistic - view has proved powerfully influential upon philosophy and art, directly affecting the work of Nietzsche, Wittgenstein and Wagner among others.Arthur Schopenhauer was born in Danzig in 1788 where his family, of Dutch origin, owned a respected trading house. Arthur was expected to inherit the business, but hated the work and in 1807, after his father's suicide and the sale of the business, he enrolled in the grammar school at Gotha. He went on to study medicine and science at Gottingen University and in 1810 began to study philosophy. In 1811 he transferred to Berlin to write his doctoral thesis, and began to write The World as Will and Idea, a complete exploration of his philosophy, which was finished in 1818. Although the book failed to sell, his belief in his own views sustained him through twenty-five years of frustrated desire for fame. During his middle life he travelled widely in Europe and in 1844 brought out a much expanded edition of his book, which after his death became one of the most widely read of all philosophical works. His fame was established in 1851 with the publication of Parerga and Paralipomena, a collection of dialogues, essays and aphorisms. He died in 1860.R.J. Hollingdale has translated works by, among others, Schopenhauer, Goethe, T.A. Hoffmann, Lichtenburg and Theodor Fontane, as well as eleven of Nietzsche's books, many for the Penguin Classics. He has published two books on Nietzsche and was Honorary President of the British Nietzsche Society until his death in 2003.

This volume of translations unites three shorter works by Arthur Schopenhauer that expand on themes from his book The World as Will and Representation. In On the Fourfold Root he takes the principle of sufficient reason, which states that nothing is without a reason why it is, and shows how it covers different forms of explanation or ground that previous philosophers have tended to confuse. Schopenhauer regarded this study, which he first wrote as his doctoral dissertation, as an essential preliminary to The World as Will. On Will in Nature examines contemporary scientific findings in search of corroboration of his thesis that processes in nature are all a species of striving towards ends; and On Vision and Colours defends an anti-Newtonian account of colour perception influenced by Goethe's famous colour theory. This is the first English edition to provide extensive editorial notes on the different published versions of these works.

With the publication of Parerga and Paralipomena in 1851, there finally came some measure of the fame that Schopenhauer thought was his due. Described by Schopenhauer himself as 'incomparably more popular than everything up till now', Parerga is a miscellany of essays addressing themes that complement his work The World as Will and Representation, along with more divergent, speculative pieces. It includes essays on method, logic, the intellect, Kant, pantheism, natural science, religion, education, and language. The present volume offers a new translation, a substantial introduction explaining the context of the essays, and extensive editorial notes on the different published versions of the work. This readable and scholarly edition will be an essential reference for those studying Schopenhauer, the history of philosophy, and nineteenth-century German philosophy.

With the publication of the Parerga and Paralipomena in 1851, there finally came some measure of the fame that Schopenhauer thought was his due. Described by Schopenhauer himself as 'incomparably more popular than everything up till now', the Parerga is a miscellany of essays addressing themes that complement his work The World as Will and Representation, along with more divergent, speculative pieces. It includes his 'Aphorisms on the Wisdom of Life', reflections on fate and clairvoyance, trenchant views on the philosophers and universities of his day, and an enlightening survey of the history of philosophy. The present volume offers a new translation, a substantial introduction explaining the context of the essays, and extensive editorial notes on the different published versions of the work. This readable and scholarly edition will be an essential reference for those studying Schopenhauer, the history of philosophy, and nineteenth-century German philosophy.

Arthur Schopenhauer levde i Frankfurt under återstoden av sitt liv och avsade sig där arbetet som filosofiprofessor för att i stället leva som en enstöring; men han var allt annat än overksam och lat. Han djupdök i sina studier av naturvetenskaperna och ägnade sig åt sitt författarskap. Efter 19 års "tystnad" gav han så ut Om viljan i naturen (1836) - en studie i vilken Schopenhauer skickligt brukade de för tiden nya naturvetenskapliga frågeställningarna och rönen till stöd för sina teorier om viljan. Det är sålunda en omfattande redogörelse för hans metafysik i relation till naturfenomenen. Schopenhauer skriver i förordet: "[...] genom att utgå från det rent empiriska, från opartiska och med sin speciella vetenskap sysslande naturforskares iakttagelser, når jag här den egentliga kärnan i min metafysik, påvisar dennas beröringspunkter med naturvetenskaperna och ger sålunda i viss mån facit till min fundamentaldogm, vilken just därigenom får sin närmare och speciellare bekräftelse, liksom även att den mer tydligt och fattbart samt utförligare än annorstädes blir möjlig att förstå." I denna skrift möter man många förnumstigheter, bland annat det "[att] man begriper inte naturens språk - det är för enkelt." Vidare skriver han också med sin sedvanliga kvickhet och syrlighet (möjligen som kritik mot "herrarna av professionen"): "De huvudsakliga skyddsvärnen mot nya tankar är som bekant tre: ignorera dem, undertrycka dem och slutligen påstå dem vara av gammalt datum." På bokens baksida finns följande citat, vilket här får avsluta bokbeskrivningen: "Sanningen är inte beroende av någon gunst eller ogunst och behöver inte heller be om någon tillåtelse; den står på egna fötter, tiden är dess bundsförvant, dess kraft oemotståndlig, dess liv odödligt."

Volume 1 of the definitive English translation of one of the most important philosophical works of the 19th century, the basic statement in one important stream of post-Kantian thought. Corrects nearly 1,000 errors and omissions in the older Haldane-Kemp translation. For the first time, this edition translates and locates all quotes and provides full index.

Volume 2 of the definitive English translation of one of the most important philosophical works of the 19th century, the basic statement in one important stream of post-Kantian thought. Corrects nearly 1,000 errors and omissions in the older Haldane-Kemp translation. For the first time, this edition translates and locates all quotes and provides full index.

A fascinating examination of ethics, religion and psychology, this selection of Schopenhauer's works contains scathing attack on the nature and logic of religion, and an essay on ethics that ranges from the American slavery debate to the vices of Buddhism. Throughout history, some books have changed the world. They have transformed the way we see ourselves - and each other. They have inspired debate, dissent, war and revolution. They have enlightened, outraged, provoked and comforted. They have enriched lives - and destroyed them. Now Penguin brings you the works of the great thinkers, pioneers, radicals and visionaries whose ideas shook civilization and helped make us who we are.

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This is the only complete English translation of one of the most significant and fascinating works of the great philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860). The Parerga (Volume 1) are six long essays; the Paralipomena (Volume 2) are shorter writings arranged under thirty-one different subject-headings. These works won widespread attention on their publication in 1851, and helped secure lasting international fame for Schopenhauer. Their intellectual vigour, literary power, and rich diversity are still striking today. They are essential to a full understanding of Schopenhauer's thought.

'my philosophy is like Thebes with a hundred gates: one can enter from all sides and through each gate arrive at the direct path to the centre'Schopenhauer's two essays On the Freedom of the Will and On the Basis of Morals form his complete system of ethics. Their doctrines, continuous with those in his major work The World as Will and Representation, are presented here in more accessible, self-contained form. Schopenhauer argues, in uniquely powerful prose, that self-consciousness gives the illusion of freedom and that human actions are determined, but that we rightly feel guilt because our actions issue from our essential individual character. He locates moral value in the virtues of loving kindness and voluntary justice that spring from the fundamental incentive of compassion. Morality's basis is ultimately metaphysical, resting on an intuitive identification of the self with all other striving and suffering beings. These essays, newly translated here with an introduction and notes, contain a critique of Kant's ethics, and advance a position that was in turn the target of criticism by Nietzsche. ABOUT THE SERIES: For over 100 years Oxford World's Classics has made available the widest range of literature from around the globe. Each affordable volume reflects Oxford's commitment to scholarship, providing the most accurate text plus a wealth of other valuable features, including expert introductions by leading authorities, helpful notes to clarify the text, up-to-date bibliographies for further study, and much more.

Part of the “Longman Library of Primary Sources in Philosophy,” this first volume of Schopenhauer's The World as Will and Presentation is framed by a pedagogical structure designed to make this important work of philosophy more accessible and meaningful for undergraduates.

This second volume of Schopenhauer's World as Will and Presentation is framed by a pedagogical structure designed to make this important work of philosophy more accessible and meaningful for undergraduates. With in-depth, user-friendly introductions, copious notes to clarify difficult or important passages, and a rich index, each volume makes the masterworks of philosophy accessible to students and emphasizes their relevance to contemporary issues and debates.

The purpose of the Cambridge Edition of the Works of Schopenhauer is to offer translations of the best modern German editions of Schopenhauer's work in a uniform format for Schopenhauer scholars, together with philosophical introductions and full editorial apparatus. The World as Will and Representation contains Schopenhauer's entire philosophy, ranging through epistemology, metaphysics, philosophy of mind and action, aesthetics and philosophy of art, to ethics, the meaning of life and the philosophy of religion. This second volume was added to the work in 1844, and revised in 1859. Its chapters are officially 'supplements' to the first volume, but are indispensable for a proper appreciation of Schopenhauer's thought. Here we have his most mature reflections on many topics, including sex, death, conscious and unconscious desires, and the doctrines of salvation and liberation in Christian and Indian thought. Schopenhauer clarifies the nature of his metaphysics of the will, and synthesizes insights from a broad range of literary, scientific and scholarly sources. This new translation reflects the eloquence and power of Schopenhauer's prose, and renders philosophical terms accurately and consistently. It offers an introduction, glossary of names, bibliography, and succinct editorial notes.