Upendra Kumar – författare

Applications of Metagenomics: Agriculture, Environment, and Health examines current metagenomics methods and their applications in soil, polluted environment sites, agriculture production, and health care, with separate sections dedicated to each application area. Special attention is paid to the biotechnological study of novel microbial resources for social welfare. Beyond applications, the book discusses evolving next generation technology and techniques used for carrying out metagenomics studies, and in doing so highlights the latest research and advances in the field, along with ways to adapt these approaches for different study types across the biological sciences.Chapter topics range from metagenomics for studying root microbial communities to microbial diversity of the rhizosphere, fungal diversity, microbial biodiversity in forest environments, the human microbiome, and disease epidemiology, with one chapter dedicated to Covid-19 metagenomics. Offers tools to apply evolving next generation sequencing technologies in the detection of disease pathogens, bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites across various environments, as well as host response Includes separate sections dedicated to topics and current studies in environmental science, agriculture production and health care Features chapter contributions from international experts in the field

The book titled “Microbiome and Plant Nutrition꞉ A Roadmap Towards Sustainable Agriculture” is expected to direct many emerging research pathways needed at local and global levels for sustainable agricultural package and practices. This volume incorporates thirteen seminal chapters on issue based research and their practical applications covering latest information and progress in different areas of microbial supplemented crop nutrition for sustainable agriculture. The book highlights the frontier issues and applications of plant‑microbe interaction in crop nutritional strategy with topics like System biology of plant microbe interaction, Plant growth‑promoting rhizobacteria꞉ a context for sustainable agriculture, Plant growth‑promoting endophytes꞉ a context for sustainable agriculture, The role of the mycorrhiza in nutrient uptake, Plant nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur nutrition꞉ a microbial perspective, Carbon and nitrogen turnover in soils and plant rhizo‑deposition, Root exudates꞉ a link to plant‑microbe nutritional interactions and insight into the metabolic and nutrition network pathway of plant‑microbe interaction, Commercialization perspective of bio‑stimulants for sustainable agriculture, Interconnection of plants with microbiomes in changing climate꞉ a functional extension of the host and heavy metal dynamics in rice soil꞉ an alleviation through microbial intervention approach. This book will be very useful for the scholars, biotechnologists, agricultural scientists, plant nutritionists, researchers, teachers and students in the emerging field of soil‑microbiome and plant nutrition dynamics in the resilient climatic agriculture era.

The book titled “Microbiome and Plant Nutrition꞉ A Roadmap Towards Sustainable Agriculture” is expected to direct many emerging research pathways needed at local and global levels for sustainable agricultural package and practices. This volume incorporates thirteen seminal chapters on issue based research and their practical applications covering latest information and progress in different areas of microbial supplemented crop nutrition for sustainable agriculture. The book highlights the frontier issues and applications of plant‑microbe interaction in crop nutritional strategy with topics like System biology of plant microbe interaction, Plant growth‑promoting rhizobacteria꞉ a context for sustainable agriculture, Plant growth‑promoting endophytes꞉ a context for sustainable agriculture, The role of the mycorrhiza in nutrient uptake, Plant nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur nutrition꞉ a microbial perspective, Carbon and nitrogen turnover in soils and plant rhizo‑deposition, Root exudates꞉ a link to plant‑microbe nutritional interactions and insight into the metabolic and nutrition network pathway of plant‑microbe interaction, Commercialization perspective of bio‑stimulants for sustainable agriculture, Interconnection of plants with microbiomes in changing climate꞉ a functional extension of the host and heavy metal dynamics in rice soil꞉ an alleviation through microbial intervention approach. This book will be very useful for the scholars, biotechnologists, agricultural scientists, plant nutritionists, researchers, teachers and students in the emerging field of soil‑microbiome and plant nutrition dynamics in the resilient climatic agriculture era.

SMART MATERIALS FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING Smart materials, also known as advanced or creative materials, are described as advanced materials that react intuitively to environmental changes or as materials that can return to their original shape in response to certain stimuli. Smart materials are classified as either active or passive based on their characteristics. There are two types of active materials. The first kind cannot change its characteristics when subjected to outside stimuli, for example photochromatic spectacles that only alter their color when exposed to sunlight. The other, which includes piezoelectric materials, can change one sort of energy (thermal, electrical, chemical, mechanical, or optical) into another. When subjected to external pressure, it can generate an electric charge. As an example, optical fibers can transmit electromagnetic waves. In contrast, passive smart materials can transmit a specific sort of energy. They have some amazing qualities that set them apart from other materials, such as transiency, meaning they can react to different kinds of external stimuli immediately, self-actuation or the capacity to change their appearance and shape, selectivity where the response is divided and expected, directness when the response is limited to the activating event, shape-changing where the material can change its shape to external stimuli, their ability to determine their own health, also known as self-diagnosis, and their ability to self-heal. The ability to synthesize novel materials has substantially progressed thanks to science and technology over the past 20 years. They fall mostly into the following four categories: polymers, ceramics, metals, and smart materials. Among these, smart materials are gaining popularity since they have more uses than conventional materials. Smart materials are unusual substances that have the ability to alter their properties, such as those that can immediately change their phase when placed near a magnet or their shape simply by applying heat. Humanity will be significantly impacted by this new era of smart materials. For instance, some of them can adapt their properties to the environment, some have sensory capabilities, some can repair themselves automatically, and some can degrade themselves. These extraordinary properties of smart materials will have an effect on all facets of civilization. There are many different types of intelligent materials, including magnetorheological materials, electro-rheostat materials, shape memory alloys, piezoelectric materials, and more. This book describes many forms of smart materials and their possible uses in various fields. A literature survey discusses the different types of smart materials, such as based ceramics, polymers, and organic compounds and their needs, advantages, disadvantages, and applications will be comprehensively discussed. A discussion of well-established smart materials including piezoelectric, magnetostrictive, shape memory alloy, electro-rheological fluid, and magnetorheological fluid materials will be discussed with their present prospects.

Gain valuable insight into applying carbon-based nanomaterials to the green technologies of the future The green revolution is the most important technological development of the new century. Carbon-based nanomaterials, with their organic origins and immense range of applications, are increasingly central to this revolution as it unfolds. There is an urgent need for an up-to-date overview of the latest research in this ever-expanding field. Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Green Applications meets this need by providing a brief outline of the synthesis and characterization of different carbon-based nanomaterials, including their historical backgrounds. It proceeds to move through each major category, outlining properties and applications for each. The result is an essential contribution to a huge range of sustainable and renewable industries. With contributions from a global list of distinguished writers, the book includes: Discussion of nanomaterial applications in fields from drug delivery to biomedical technology to opticsAnalysis of nanomaterial categories including graphene, fullerene, mesoporous carbon, and many moreSeparate chapters describing aspects of supercapacitors, solar cells, and fuel cells Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Green Applications is ideal for scientists and researchers working in nanotechnology, life sciences, biomedical research, bioengineering, and a range of related fields.

This volume addresses the major design challenges and research potential in electronic device applications in healthcare and biomedical systems, exploring the blending of innovative mobile communications, network technologies, and medical sensor and ubiquitous computing devices with medical and biological applications. The authors explore current and future trends in new communication and network technologies for healthcare delivery and new wireless telemedical and mobile health services. The chapters look at the application of machine learning, convolutional neural networks, smartphone-based devices, IoT sensors, and other smart technologies for health diagnosis and monitoring. The volume also looks at integrated circuit design for healthcare applications. The design of energy harvesting systems for a low power biomedical applications is considered, and another unique chapter illustrates the ability of mHealth technologies by using machine learning to predict which blood groups provide resistance against the COVID-19 Delta variant.The main driving forces for the transformation of current healthcare systems are the growing aging population, sharp rising healthcare costs, and frequent occurrences of chronic diseases, resulting in the need to deliver healthcare services in more cost-effective and responsive ways. The traditional hospital-centered healthcare systems, which mainly focus on diagnosis and treatment, are now ready to transform into individual-centered based healthcare system, which, in turn, focuses primarily on early detection, early diagnosis, and long-term monitoring. Electronic devices for biomedical and mHealth are facilitating this transformation in innovative ways.This volume, Advanced Research in Electronic Devices for Biomedical and mHealth, provides a selection of insightful chapters on topics that will be of interest to researchers, faculty, and industry professionals in the fields of biophysics, biomedical engineering, healthcare systems, medical informatics, bioinformatics, and digital electronics devise design.

This new book explores the development of smart bioelectronics and biomedical devices using advancedinformation technology, which has significantly revolutionized biomedical engineering and healthcare,enabling a variety of applications in advanced clinical medicine, surgery, and implants. The book considersthe integration of AI, big data analytics, the Internet of Things, machine learning, cloud storage, and othertechnologies for predictive modeling, information analysis, etc., for medical diagnosis and treatment. Itcovers areas such as medical image retrieval, machine learning for diagnosis, biomedical applicationsbased on mobile phone cell network systems, and much more.

The book stands up to the mark, which is informative, illustrative, comprehensive and with sufficient content. Section one contains common orthopedic cases along with related viva voce questions and answers. Section two is allotted for common orthopedic appliances like traction, plaster of Paris, etc. with brief and crispy descriptions. In section three instruments and implants pictorial presentation of these hardwares have been illustrated. In section four common radiographs are taken from fractures, tumors and metabolic and regional disorders. In the last section five bones are described with reasonable details.First book of its kind on practical orthopedic for undergraduate students.Includes over 200 self-explanatory photographs and line diagrams and many boxes for quick revision of important topics.Includes orthopedic cases in viva voce manner.Provides good details of orthopedic instruments, appliances like traction, plasters and common orthosis, and also provides their uses.Includes comprehensive and reproducible description of orthopedic radiographs and related facts.Provides brief account of bones.Ready reckoner before entering the undergraduate examination.

This book presents a comprehensive collection of articles illustrating the importance of microbial community structure and function for ecosystem sustainability and environmental reclamation. It addresses a diverse range of topics, including microbial diversity, physiology, genomics, ecosystem function, interaction, metabolism, and the fruitful use of microbial communities for crop productivity and environmental remediation. In addition, the book explores issues ranging from general concepts on the diversity of microorganisms in soil, and ecosystem function, to the evolution and taxonomy of soil microbiota, with future prospects. It covers cutting-edge methods in soil microbial ecological studies, rhizosphere microflora, the role of organic matter in plant productivity, biological nitrogen fixation and its genetics, microbial transformation of plant nutrients in soil, plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria, and organic matter transformation. The book also discusses the application of microbes in biodegradation of xenobiotic contaminants. It covers bio-fertilizers and their role in sustainable agriculture and soil health, biological control of insect pests and plant pathogens, and the latest tools of omics in soil microbiology, i.e. genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics, which offer pioneering approaches to the exploration of microbial structure and function.

It covers cutting-edge methods in soil microbial ecological studies, rhizosphere microflora, the role of organic matter in plant productivity, biological nitrogen fixation and its genetics, microbial transformation of plant nutrients in soil, plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria, and organic matter transformation.