Karl Sigmund – författare
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27 produkter
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Matematiken är en av de mest gåtfulla och givande källorna till filosofiska problem. Tillsammans har disciplinerna format vår förståelse av slump, logik och utformande av omröstningar, samarbeten och samhällskontrakt. Det står samtidigt helt klart att matematiken inte är en empirisk vetenskap, så varför fungerar den så praktiskt?
Tankens geometri låter matematikens och filosofins namnkunnigaste företrädare attrahera och repellera varandra genom tid och rum: Hur utvecklades den moderna statistiken parallellt med kunskapsteorin? Hur hör spelteori ihop med moralfilosofi? Hur fick matematiken sin egen skrift?
Karl Sigmunds bok är en exposé över det mänskliga förnuftets förmåga att röra sig mellan matematiska tal och mening.
273 kr
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1 193 kr
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Life is often a matter of gambles, pay-offs, and trade-offs, just like a game. This book takes us on a tour through the games and computer simulations that are helping us to understand the ecology, evolution, and behaviour of real life - from cat and mouse to cellular automata, from the battle of the sexes to artificial life, from poker to the prisoner's dilemma.No other book explains so well why scientific observations and insights can be structured as the rules of a survival game, and what happens when they are assembled on a computer or in the mind and allowed to run. With a delightful personal style, the author specifically looks at genetics, population ecology, evolution, and animal behaviour and discusses the often surprising outcomes when the name of the game is life.
Exact Thinking in Demented Times
The Vienna Circle and the Epic Quest for the Foundations of Science
Inbunden, Engelska, 2017
567 kr
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Inspired by Albert Einstein's theory of relativity and Bertrand Russell and David Hilbert's pursuit of the fundamental rules of mathematics, some of the most brilliant minds of the generation came together in post-World War I Vienna to present the latest theories in mathematics, science, and philosophy and to build a strong foundation for scientific investigation. Composed of such luminaries as Kurt Gödel and Rudolf Carnap, and stimulated by the works of Ludwig Wittgenstein and Karl Popper, the Vienna Circle left an indelible mark on science. Exact Thinking in Demented Times tells the often outrageous, sometimes tragic, and never boring stories of the men who transformed scientific thought. A revealing work of history, this landmark book pays tribute to those who dared to reinvent knowledge from the ground up.
Del 2 - Cambridge Studies in Adaptive Dynamics
Adaptive Dynamics of Infectious Diseases
In Pursuit of Virulence Management
Häftad, Engelska, 2005
816 kr
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Emerging diseases pose a continual threat to public health. Short multiplication time and high variability allow pathogens to evolve very rapidly. It is therefore imperative to incorporate evolutionary considerations into longer-term health management plans. The evolution of infectious disease is also an ideal test-bed for theories of evolutionary dynamics. This book combines both threads, taking stock of our current knowledge on the evolutionary ecology of infectious diseases, and setting out the goals for the management of virulent pathogens. Throughout the book, the fundamental concepts and techniques underlying the modelling are carefully explained in a unique series of integrated boxes. The book ends with an overview of novel options for virulence management in humans, farm animals, plants, wildlife populations and biological control schemes. Written for graduate students and researchers, Adaptive Dynamics of Infectious Diseases provides an integrated treatment of mathematical evolutionary modelling and disease management.
846 kr
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Every form of behaviour is shaped by trial and error. Such stepwise adaptation can occur through individual learning or through natural selection, the basis of evolution. Since the work of Maynard Smith and others, it has been realised how game theory can model this process. Evolutionary game theory replaces the static solutions of classical game theory by a dynamical approach centred not on the concept of rational players but on the population dynamics of behavioural programmes. In this book the authors investigate the nonlinear dynamics of the self-regulation of social and economic behaviour, and of the closely related interactions between species in ecological communities. Replicator equations describe how successful strategies spread and thereby create new conditions which can alter the basis of their success, i.e. to enable us to understand the strategic and genetic foundations of the endless chronicle of invasions and extinctions which punctuate evolution. In short, evolutionary game theory describes when to escalate a conflict, how to elicit cooperation, why to expect a balance of the sexes, and how to understand natural selection in mathematical terms.
Del 2 - Cambridge Studies in Adaptive Dynamics
Adaptive Dynamics of Infectious Diseases
In Pursuit of Virulence Management
Inbunden, Engelska, 2002
2 220 kr
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Emerging diseases pose a continual threat to public health. Short multiplication time and high variability allow pathogens to evolve very rapidly. It is therefore imperative to incorporate evolutionary considerations into longer-term health management plans. The evolution of infectious disease is also an ideal test-bed for theories of evolutionary dynamics. This book combines both threads, taking stock of our current knowledge on the evolutionary ecology of infectious diseases, and setting out the goals for the management of virulent pathogens. Throughout the book, the fundamental concepts and techniques underlying the modelling are carefully explained in a unique series of integrated boxes. The book ends with an overview of novel options for virulence management in humans, farm animals, plants, wildlife populations and biological control schemes. Written for graduate students and researchers, Adaptive Dynamics of Infectious Diseases provides an integrated treatment of mathematical evolutionary modelling and disease management.
499 kr
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How does cooperation emerge among selfish individuals? When do people share resources, punish those they consider unfair, and engage in joint enterprises? These questions fascinate philosophers, biologists, and economists alike, for the "invisible hand" that should turn selfish efforts into public benefit is not always at work. The Calculus of Selfishness looks at social dilemmas where cooperative motivations are subverted and self-interest becomes self-defeating. Karl Sigmund, a pioneer in evolutionary game theory, uses simple and well-known game theory models to examine the foundations of collective action and the effects of reciprocity and reputation. Focusing on some of the best-known social and economic experiments, including games such as the Prisoner's Dilemma, Trust, Ultimatum, Snowdrift, and Public Good, Sigmund explores the conditions leading to cooperative strategies. His approach is based on evolutionary game dynamics, applied to deterministic and probabilistic models of economic interactions.Exploring basic strategic interactions among individuals guided by self-interest and caught in social traps, The Calculus of Selfishness analyzes to what extent one key facet of human nature--selfishness--can lead to cooperation.
565 kr
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How does cooperation emerge among selfish individuals? When do people share resources, punish those they consider unfair, and engage in joint enterprises? These questions fascinate philosophers, biologists, and economists alike, for the "invisible hand" that should turn selfish efforts into public benefit is not always at work. The Calculus of Selfishness looks at social dilemmas where cooperative motivations are subverted and self-interest becomes self-defeating. Karl Sigmund, a pioneer in evolutionary game theory, uses simple and well-known game theory models to examine the foundations of collective action and the effects of reciprocity and reputation. Focusing on some of the best-known social and economic experiments, including games such as the Prisoner's Dilemma, Trust, Ultimatum, Snowdrift, and Public Good, Sigmund explores the conditions leading to cooperative strategies. His approach is based on evolutionary game dynamics, applied to deterministic and probabilistic models of economic interactions.Exploring basic strategic interactions among individuals guided by self-interest and caught in social traps, The Calculus of Selfishness analyzes to what extent one key facet of human nature--selfishness--can lead to cooperation.
Evolution and Control in Biological Systems
Proceedings of the IIASA Workshop, Laxenburg, Austria, 30 November – 4 December 1987
Inbunden, Engelska, 1989
1 071 kr
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Proceedings of the IIASA Workshop, November 30-December 4, 1987, Laxenburg, Austria
1 552 kr
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This volume is based on lectures delivered at the 2011 AMS Short Course on Evolutionary Game Dynamics, held January 4-5, 2011 in New Orleans, Louisiana. Evolutionary game theory studies basic types of social interactions in populations of players. It combines the strategic viewpoint of classical game theory (independent rational players trying to outguess each other) with population dynamics (successful strategies increase their frequencies). A substantial part of the appeal of evolutionary game theory comes from its highly diverse applications such as social dilemmas, the evolution of language, or mating behaviour in animals. Moreover, its methods are becoming increasingly popular in computer science, engineering, and control theory. They help to design and control multi-agent systems, often with a large number of agents (for instance, when routing drivers over highway networks or data packets over the Internet). While these fields have traditionally used a top down approach by directly controlling the behaviour of each agent in the system, attention has recently turned to an indirect approach allowing the agents to function independently while providing incentives that lead them to behave in the desired way. Instead of the traditional assumption of equilibrium behaviour, researchers opt increasingly for the evolutionary paradigm and consider the dynamics of behaviour in populations of agents employing simple, myopic decision rules.
336 kr
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"Let no one ignorant of geometry enter here," Plato warned would-be philosophers. Mathematician Karl Sigmund agrees.In The Waltz of Reason, he shows how mathematics and philosophy together have shaped our understanding of space, chance, logic, cooperation, voting, and the social contract. Sigmund shows how game theory is integral to moral philosophy, how statistics shaped the meaning of reason, and how the search for a logical basis for math leads to deep questions about the nature of truth itself. But this is no dry tome: Sigmund's wit and humour shine as brightly as his erudition.The Waltz of Reason is an engrossing history of ideas as vibrant as a ballroom full of dancers, one that empowers as it entertains, following the complex and occasionally dizzying steps of the thinkers who have moulded our thought and founded our world.
1 200 kr
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Hans Hahn (1879-1934) war einer der bedeutendsten Mathematiker dieses Jahrhunderts. Er hat zahlreiche Gebiete der Analysis entscheidend gepragt und zahlt zu den Vatern der Funktionalanalysis. Aber auch die Mabtheorie und die harmonische Analyse wurden von ihm nachhaltig angeregt, und die allgemeine Topologie verdankt ihm wesentliche Impulse. Daruber hinaus hat Hahn, als einer der Grunder des Wiener Kreises, auch die Philosophie dieses Jahrhunderts stark beeinflubt. Sowohl Kurt Godel als auch Karl Popper, von dem die Einleitung zu diesem Werk stammt, waren seine Schuler.
504 kr
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Die von Karl Menger und seinen Mitarbeitern (darunter Kurt Godel) herausgegebenen Ergebnisse eines Mathematischen Kolloquiums zahlen zu den wichtigsten Quellenwerken der Wissenschafts- und Geistesgeschichte der Zwischenkriegszeit, mit bahnbrechenden Beitragen von Menger, Godel, Tarski, Wald, John von Neumann und vielen anderen. In diesem Band liegt der Inhalt erstmals gesammelt vor. Der Nobelpreistrager Gerard Debreu schrieb die Einleitung, die Kommentare wurden vom Logiker und Godel-Biographen John Dawson jr., dem Topologen Ryszard Engelking und dem Wirtschaftstheoretiker Werner Hildenbrand verfasst.Auberdem enthalt der Band einen biographischen Aufsatz uber Karl Menger sowie einen von Menger verfassten Uberblick uber die wichtigsten topologischen und geometrischen Arbeiten des Kolloquiums.
504 kr
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Karl Menger, one of the founders of dimension theory, belongs to the most original mathematicians and thinkers of the twentieth century. He was a member of the Vienna Circle and the founder of its mathematical equivalent, the Viennese Mathematical Colloquium. Both during his early years in Vienna, and after his emigration to the United States, Karl Menger made significant contributions to a wide variety of mathematical fields, and greatly influenced some of his colleagues. The Selecta Mathematica contain Menger's major mathematical papers, based on a personal selection by himself out of his extensive writings. They deal with topics as diverse as topology, geometry, analysis and algebra, as well as writings on economics, sociology, logic, philosophy and mathematical results. The two volumes are a monument to the diversity and originality of Menger's ideas.
539 kr
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Karl Menger, one of the founders of dimension theory, belongs to the most original mathematicians and thinkers of the twentieth century. He was a member of the Vienna Circle and the founder of its mathematical equivalent, the Viennese Mathematical Colloquium. Both during his early years in Vienna and after his emigration to the United States, Karl Menger made significant contributions to a wide variety of mathematical fields, and greatly influenced some of his colleagues. The Selecta Mathematica contain Menger's major mathematical papers, based on a personal selection by himself out of his extensive writings. They deal with topics as diverse as topology, geometry, analysis and algebra, as well as writings on economics, sociology, logic, philosophy and mathematical results. The two volumes are a monument to the diversity and originality of Menger's ideas.
Del 257 - Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems
Dynamics of Macrosystems
Proceedings of a Workshop on the Dynamics of Macrosystems Held at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria, September 3–7, 1984
Häftad, Engelska, 1985
555 kr
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The history of the disciplines that led to the development of systems analysis is marked by a curious relationship between static and dynamic approaches. Although lhe imporlance of the dynamical element was recognized quile early on, lhe method chosen, more often than not, was a static equilibrium analysis. One reason for this obviously lies in the mathematical intricacies of non- equilibrium situations. Although Poincare and various other classical authors pointed oul the amazing complexity of some mechanical problems, lhe general lrend, as reflected in the standard texlbooks, was lo ignore such "subtleties" and concenlrate on a handful of lraclable equations and localized slability analysis. Il is only in lhe lasl decade thal the importance and universal nature of complicated asymptotic behavior has become more widely recognized. This shift in perspective is due lo lhe development of new mathematical lechniques, lo the spread of computing facilities and, possibly, lo lhe growing recognition of the limits of lhe human ability to handle, predict and control complex situatIons.
Del 287 - Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems
Dynamical Systems
Proceedings of an IIASA (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis) Workshop on Mathematics of Dynamic Processes Held at Sopron, Hungary, September 9–13, 1985
Häftad, Engelska, 1987
1 103 kr
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The investigation of special topics in systems dynamics -uncertain dynamic processes, viability theory, nonlinear dynamics in models for biomathematics, inverse problems in control systems theory-has become a major issue at the System and Decision Sciences Research Program of the International Insti tute for Applied Systems Analysis. The above topics actually reflect two different perspectives in the investigation of dynamic processes. The first, motivated by control theory, is concerned with the properties of dynamic systems that are stable under vari ations in the systems' parameters. This allows us to specify classes of dynamic systems for which it is possible to construct and control a whole "tube" of trajectories assigned to a system with uncertain parameters and to resolve some inverse problems of control theory within numerically stable solution schemes. The second perspective is to investigate generic properties of dynamic systems that are due to nonlinearity (as bifurcations theory, chaotic behavior, stability properties, and related problems in the qualitative theory of differential systems). Special stress is given to the applications of non linear dynamic systems theory to biomathematics and ecoloey.
501 kr
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Dieses Buch zeichnet Geschichte und Denkansätze des Wiener Kreises nach, des Gelehrtenzirkels, der aus dem Geistesleben des 20. Jahrhunderts nicht wegzudenken ist. Anknüpfend an Russell und Einstein versucht ein Team von Mathematikern, Naturwissenschaftlern und Philosophen die Grundlagen einer wissenschaftlichen Weltauffassung zu legen, im scharfen Gegenwind der reaktionären Politik der Zwischenkriegsjahre. Anschaulich, einfach und einprägsam stellt Karl Sigmund eine der spannendsten Episoden der radikalen Moderne dar - einer Episode, die vom Nationalsozialismus zerstört wurde, aber im angelsächsischen Exil reiche Früchte trug. Viele der damals angerissenen Fragen haben heute noch ihre Auswirkungen: Es führt eine Linie von der symbolischen Logik Carnaps und Gödels zur Informatik, und die wissenschaftliche Weltauffassung ist so selbstverständlich geworden, dass wir sie kaum mehr wahrnehmen. Ein Buch für alle an der Kulturgeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts Interessierten, dasnaturwissenschaftlich und geisteswissenschaftlich orientierte Leserinnen und Leser in gleichem Maß anspricht. Die zweite Auflage enthält viel neues Material , etwa über die sensationell spannende Flucht Otto Neuraths über den Ärmelkanal, oder über die Laufbahnen von Friedrich Adler und Otto Pölzl (der„Leibpsychiater“), die den Wiener Kreis über Jahrzehnte begleiteten. Auch sind wichtige Seiten über Einstein, Turing und Brouwer dazugekommen. Douglas Hofstadter, der Autor von "Gödel, Escher, Bach", hat ein Nachwort zu dieser Neuauflage verfasst.
411 kr
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Karl Menger, one of the founders of dimension theory, is among the most original mathematicians and thinkers of the twentieth century.
539 kr
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Karl Menger, one of the founders of dimension theory, is among the most original mathematicians and thinkers of the twentieth century.
698 kr
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Volume 2: The second volume deals with functional analysis, real analysis and hydrodynamics. Volume 3: In the third volume, Hahn’s writings on harmonic analysis, measure and integration, complex analysis and philosophy are collected and commented on by Jean-Pierre Kahane, Heinz Bauer, Ludger Kaup, and Christian Thiel.
698 kr
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Volume 2: The second volume deals with functional analysis, real analysis and hydrodynamics. Volume 3: In the third volume, Hahn’s writings on harmonic analysis, measure and integration, complex analysis and philosophy are collected and commented on by Jean-Pierre Kahane, Heinz Bauer, Ludger Kaup, and Christian Thiel.
698 kr
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Volume 3: In the third volume, Hahn’s writings on harmonic analysis, measure and integration, complex analysis and philosophy are collected and commented on by Jean-Pierre Kahane, Heinz Bauer, Ludger Kaup, and Christian Thiel.
653 kr
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Die von Karl Menger und seinen Mitarbeitern (darunter Kurt Gödel) herausgegebenen "Ergebnisse eines Mathematischen Kolloquiums" zählen zu den wichtigsten Quellenwerken der Wissenschafts- und Geistesgeschichte der Zwischenkriegszeit, mit bahnbrechenden Beiträgen von Menger, Gödel, Tarski, Wald, John von Neumann und vielen anderen. In diesem Band liegt der Inhalt erstmals gesammelt vor. Der Nobelpreisträger Gerard Debreu schrieb die Einleitung, die Kommentare wurden vom Logiker und Gödel-Biographen John Dawson jr., dem Topologen Ryszard Engelking und dem Wirtschaftstheoretiker Werner Hildenbrand verfasst.Außerdem enthält der Band einen biographischen Aufsatz über Karl Menger sowie einen von Menger verfassten Überblick über die wichtigsten topologischen und geometrischen Arbeiten des Kolloquiums.
699 kr
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Time Magazine reihte ihn unter die hundert wichtigsten Personen des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts. Die Harvard University verlieh ihm das Ehrendoktorat fur die Entdeckung "der bedeutsamsten mathematischen Wahrheit des Jahrhunderts". Er gilt allgemein als der grosste Logiker seit Aristoteles. Sein Freund Einstein ging, nach eigener Aussage, nur deshalb ans Institut, um Godel auf dem Heimweg begleiten zu durfen. Und John von Neumann, einer der Vater des Computers, schrieb: "Godel ist tatsachlich absolut unersetzlich. Er ist der einzige Mathematiker, von dem ich das zu behaupten wage." Dieses Buch ist eine leichtverdauliche, einfache und anschauliche Einfuhrung in Godels Leben und Werk, gedacht fur jene, die sich fur die menschlichen und kulturellen Aspekte der Wissenschaft interessieren. Ausgangspunkt des Buches waren die Vorbereitungen zu einer Ausstellung uber Kurt Godel aus Anlass seines hundertsten Geburtstags. Eine Ausstellung hat etwas von einem Spaziergang an sich, und gerade das wollen wir bieten: einen Spaziergang mit Godel. Albert Einstein genoss solche Spaziergange sehr. Man kann also Godel geniessen.
Evolution and Control in Biological Systems
Proceedings of the IIASA Workshop, Laxenburg, Austria, 30 November – 4 December 1987
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 103 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
Proceedings of the IIASA Workshop, November 30-December 4, 1987, Laxenburg, Austria