Economy and Environment – serie
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55 produkter
55 produkter
Inbunden, Engelska, 1989
2 219 kr
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After a period of relative silence, recent years have been marked by an upswing of interest in environmental issues. The publication of the report of the World Commission on Environment and Development on 'Our Common Future' (1987) has acted as a catalyst for a revival of the environmental awareness, not only regarding local and daily pollution problems, but also -and in particular- regarding global environmental decay and threats to a sustainable development. In a recent study by W.M. Stigliani et al., on 'Future Environments for Europe' (Executive Rep~rt 15, IIASA, Laxenburg, 1989) the environmental implications of various alternative socioeconomic development pathways with respect to eleven environmental issues that could become major problems in the future are analysed. These issues include: Managing water resources in an era of climate change. Acidification of soils and lakes in Europe. Long-term forestry management and the possibility of a future shortfall in wood supply. Areas of Europe marginalized by mainstream economic and agricultural development. Sea level rise. Chemical pollution of coastal waters. Toxic materials buildup and the potential for chemical time bombs. Non-point-source emissions of potentially toxic substances. Transportation growth versus air quality. Decreasing multi-functionally of land owing to urban and suburban land development. Increasing summer demand for electricity, and the impact on air quality.
Del 3 - Economy & Environment
Persistent Pollutants: Economics and Policy
Economics and Policy
Inbunden, Engelska, 1991
1 666 kr
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Inbunden, Engelska, 1991
1 224 kr
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Del 5 - Economy and Environment
National Income and Nature
Externalities, Growth and Steady State
Inbunden, Engelska, 1991
1 224 kr
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The aim of this book is to provide an insight into the ways economists analyze the problems of environmental pollution and the depletion of natural resources. To this purpose, selected papers are presented. Part 1 is devoted to environmental externalities. Attention is focused on character, valuation and accounting of external effects. Part 2 deals with the relation of economic growth to nature and includes an investigation of the dynamics of this relationship.
Del 6 - Economy & Environment
Environment and Development: An Economic Approach
Inbunden, Engelska, 1992
1 113 kr
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This book is the second edition of a text based on a report commissioned by the Swedish International Development Authority (SID A). The financial grant from SIDA which made the work possible is hereby gratefully acknowledged. There are already many books on the market about environmental economics, some of them very good. What is special about this one? We do not claim to have obtained new results, but we have our own way of presenting the subject matter. In particular, we are of the opinion that policy failures are often overlooked as an obstacle to efficient environmental management. Although the main emphasis in this book is on project level analysis, it is essential that such analyses be linked to an understanding of the (dis)incentives for environmental improvements that general economic and particular environmental policies provide. Another essential feature of the book, although this is not unique, is the links provided between theory and empirical illustrations. We hope that this will illustrate to our readers the practical usefulness, but also the difficulties, of applying economics to environmental problems. In particular we hope that the text can be of interest to decision-makers, development programme personnel, teachers and the general public interested in how economics can contribute to better environmental decision-making. In principle, this book can be read by anyone interested in the subject matter, without any formal education in economics. However, some background in microeconomic theory makes the reading easier.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1994
1 666 kr
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This book describes the state-of-the-art when it comes to the use of economic instruments in policy making throughout the world. These new and innovative instruments, such as green taxes and tradeable permits, can cut the costs of environmental programmes considerably and thereby increase the chances that the very necessary - but also very expensive - programs actually will be implemented. The book describes and discusses the successes and difficulties encountered in various countries both industrial, developing and transitional. It is intended to bridge the gap, not just between economic theory and environmental issues, but also the gap to practical policy making. Combining matters of environmental interest, economic know-how and wide geographical coverage, from the US to China and from Tanzania to Uruguay, this text should be of interest to both students of economics, development issues and environmental science, as well as to researchers and policy makers in national and international bodies.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1994
1 113 kr
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This work stems from the activities carried out under the European Science Foundation's Environmental Toxicology Programme and its daughter programme, Environmental Damage and its Assessment. The work served also as a pilot study for the ESF Scientific programme on Environment, Science and Society (ESS), thus demonstrating the interdependence of the natural and social sciences with respect to environmental issues. This book records the results of a four-year collaboration between environmental toxicologists, economists and institutionalists. Its objective was to achieve better characterized or even novel insights into the theory and practice of water resource management, quality assurance and chemical safety regulation.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1994
1 188 kr
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Economic theory and empirical models suggest that economic instruments should help us to meet environmental goals at lower cost. Practical experience, however, shows that the cost savings of emission trading are smaller than expected and charges usually have had small incentive impacts. This book gives a comprehensive review of economic theory, simulation models, and practical experience with the use of economic instruments. The book focuses on air pollution control. Part I examines theoretical aspects and simulation modelling in a national context. Part II surveys the practical experience in a variety of countries. Part III explores international issues, such as joint implementation. Because of its blend of theoretical and empirical research, the book should prove interesting for both economists and those interested in environmental policy.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1995
2 219 kr
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In this study, the author constructs a statistical framework for studying the environment and technology, the economy and society, and performs a series of analyses of the impact of human activities on the environment. The topics analyzed include: energy consumption; resource use; water and air pollution; technology; recycling; and pollution prevention. It provides a model at the global level as well as at the level of individual industries, and for various social groups. Of equal significance, the framework also allows international linkages to be examined.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1998
1 666 kr
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Policy failures in environment and development have been blamed on frag mented and eclectic policies and strategies. The 1992 United Nations Con ference on Environment and Development, the 'Earth Summit' in Rio de Janeiro, called therefore for an integrated approach in planning and policy making to achieve long-term sustainable growth and development. The Con ference also recognized in its action plan, the Agenda 21, that integrated poli cies need to be supported by integrated information, notably requiring the implementation of integrated environmental and economic accounting by its member States. During the preparations for the Rio Summit, scientists and practitioners of national accounting met in a Special Conference on Environmental Account ing, organized by the International Association for Research in Income and Wealth (IARIW) in Baden, Austria. Their aim was to explore the need for and methodologies of adjusting national accounts for environmental reasons. National accountants had faced mounting criticism that conventional accounting neglected new scarcities in natural capital, as well as the social cost of environmental degradation. The result of their deliberations was a draft manual, later issued by the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) as a handbook of Integrated Environmental and Economic Accounting.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1997
1 113 kr
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Meta-analysis is a formal synthesis of results and findings of scientific studies, which can assist in gaining new insights, explaining differences between results of similar studies, or determine useful directions of research. In this volume the focus is upon the use of meta-analysis in environmental economics and related fields of study. The first part of the book covers the overall meta-approach methodology for social sciences and economics in particular. This is followed by technical and non-technical discussions of statistical and rough-set techniques for analysis. At appropriate places this is supplemented with reviews of applications in environmental economics and related fields. In the second part of the book a number of case studies show different aspects of the application of meta-analysis. The research areas considered include, among others, tourism multipliers, air pollution valuation, risk and value of life, pesticide price policy, travel time savings, and transport externality and policy issues.The benefits of the appropriate application of meta-analysis in environmental economics are a better use of existing information and knowledge, removal of some of the subjectivity from analysis and forecasting, and greater clarity as to where future efforts in environmental economic analysis can most gainfully be deployed.
Del 13 - Economy & Environment
Sustainable Development: Concepts, Rationalities and Strategies
Inbunden, Engelska, 1997
1 666 kr
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The text contains 17 chapters, written by analysts coming from many continents, which portray late 1990s state-of-the-art in ecological economics thinking on sustainable development. The selection of methodological contributions, illustrated by empirical observations, highlights how a new generation of economists is confronting new problems of irreversible environmental change, uncertainty and social equity in the long-term.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1998
1 666 kr
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Economic growth and the environment is a complex and much debated issue. Per Kageson's book has a broad approach to this subject as he relates the analysis of present-day problems and trends (1960-2010) to clearly defined long-term objectives based on the concept of sustainable development. The present volume covers the use of non-renewable resources in the OECD countries in a global perspective, while the regional environmental impact of economic growth is discussed in a European context. The volume also includes an analysis of the potential conflict between pollution abatement costs and economic growth.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1998
1 666 kr
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From a modelling perspective, the problem of growth, trade and sustainability requires some kind of integration of theories and models on international trade, location theory, international policy coordination, economic growth and development, and resource and ecological processes.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1998
1 081 kr
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This text addresses conceptual, methodological, and policy aspects of agriculture, fisheries and forests, from a "trade and environment" perspective in a Southern European context. It contains contributions by experienced professors and researchers, which provide an in depth analysis of the likely impacts of free trade on the economic and environmental sustainability of a typical Southern EU country, following the recent CAP reform and WTO agreement. The evidence should be useful to professional researchers and research-oriented policy analysts.
Del 17 - Economy & Environment
Topics in Environmental Economics
Inbunden, Engelska, 1999
1 113 kr
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This book shows, we believe, the breadth and the complexity of issues that econo mists now tackle in their analysis of the connections between the ecosystem and the economic system. The book offers contributions to such disparate issues as the value of preserving the wolf in Sweden and the proper distribution of permits in an effective global warming treaty. Because these questions remain at the fore front of important resource allocation problems that need to be confronted, it is only appropriate that they are represented in a book that intends to paint a picture, albeit certainly incomplete, of the vibrant and progressing state of environmental economics. The contributions cover five areas of environmental economics: policy instru ments, cost-benefit analysis, cost-efficiency, contingent valuation and experimental economics. Each area is worthy of a book by itself, but here we have made a point of focusing on problems that seem directly applicable to the pressing policy issues of today. Thus, the contributors address topics that are directly relevant to interna tional and regional policy making, as well as those that are linked to development of supporting information systems (e.g. resource accounting). In addition, the con tributions seek to provide high-level applications of measurement techniques as well as pertinent critiques of these methods. The next section provides a summary overview of the book.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2000
1 113 kr
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Is economic growth good for the environment? A number of economists have claimed that economic growth can benefit the environment, recruiting political support and finance for environmental policy measures. This view has received increasing support since the early 1990s from empirical evidence that has challenged the traditional environmentalist's belief that economic growth degrades the environment. This book reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on growth and the environment, giving an in-depth empirical treatment of the relationship between the two. Various hypotheses are formulated and tested for a number of indicators of environmental pressure. The test results indicate that alternative models and estimation methods should be used, altering previous conclusions about the effect of economic growth on the environment and offering an insight into the forces driving emission reduction in developed countries.
Del 19 - Economy & Environment
Import Tariffs as Environmental Policy Instruments
Inbunden, Engelska, 2000
1 113 kr
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The theoretical claims for eco-tariffs are rigorously analyzed within a unified framework formed of an international trade model enriched with both a domestic and a global externality. During the course of the analysis the model is modified to analyze an array of contexts for which eco-tariffs have been claimed to improve environmental quality or welfare. The circumstances and conditions are characterised under which such tariffs can be shown to improve environmental quality and social welfare, taking account of general equilibrium effects. The theoretical results are applied in a policy analysis of eco-tariffs and other trade instruments in the context of domestic and global environmental policy in order to assess the relevance of the eco-tariffs that have been subjected to the theoretical analysis. Finally, the GATT/WTO rules and regulations are presented, since to date these have banned the use of eco-tariffs. The rules and regulations are mapped against the theoretical results to show which rules ought to be changed.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2002
1 666 kr
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In the policy arena, as well as in the academic world, a new challenge is having to deal with the global community. We are increasingly aware that the world is linked through economy–energy–environment interactions. We are increasingly aware, at the same time, that the emergence of the global community does not imply an integrated harmonious world; rather, it is a community where co- tries/regions of different interests and values face each other directly. Global governance has to be achieved through actions of national governments under different motives and constraints. We need to have an analytical tool that is capable of producing a global picture, yet with detailed country resolution. If the world is a better place now compared to 100 years ago in terms of p- capita income, this is due to the industrialization that continued throughout the 20th century. We entered the 21st century knowing that the human aspiration that translates into ever-increasing production may not be tenable in the long run. Sustainability of the global community is at stake. In contrast to inc- mental decision making through the market mechanism that should lead to some optimal state under some assumptions such as perfect knowledge, smooth movement of resources, no externalities, and so forth, we need to have an a- lytical tool to provide us with details of the future state of the world.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2002
1 113 kr
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This work takes a considerable step towards a better-informed debate between free-trader and environmentalist interests brought on in international trade negotiations. It presents results of an empirical investigation of the interaction between growth, international trade, and the environment in Chile, China, Costa Rica, Indonesia, Morocco, and Vietnam, using a common computable general equilibrium modelling approach. The book meshes analytical results, methodology, and detailed empirical analysis in a comprehensive appraisal of the interface between outward-oriented growth and the environment, with particular reference to the policy challenges faced by developing countries. The latter arguably have the greatest stake in successful co-ordination of free trade and domestic environmental policies to achieve higher living standards while protecting their environment. The conjecture of inevitable growth-environment trade-off is not sustained by the analysis. It provides guidance toward constructive reconciliation of economic and environmental aspirations.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2002
1 081 kr
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The advent of new biotechnologies implies significant changes in the world, both biologically and industrially. Biologically, these new technologies represent changes on a scale never before witnessed in the context of evolutionary systems. How these systems will respond to these changes is uncertain and potentially very significant. The first part of this volume addresses these issues in a series of chapters considering the manner in which societies might analyse and manage these systemic responses to biotechnological changes. The second part of the volume addresses the industrial issues concerning biotechnologies. One of the primary motivations for these changes is to enhance the appropriability of the value of innovation occurring within the life sciences sectors. Changing to a property rights-based system of biotechnology has implications for the nature of research and development within these sectors, and the diffusion and distribution of its benefits across the globe. Another set of chapters in this volume sets out a framework for considering these important industrial issues. The volume is the outcome of a two-year project on the economics of managing biotechnologies in agriculture. It is recommended to academics and policy makers interested in the issues concerning society's options in the management of this process of technological change.
Del 23 - Economy & Environment
Current Issues in the Economics of Water Resource Management
Theory, Applications and Policies
Inbunden, Engelska, 2002
1 081 kr
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The marginal price elasticities estimated by Martinez-Espineira conforms to expectation. The price specification that accounts for the changing proportion of water users in each block yields a higher elasticity (-0. 47) compared to the spec ification ignoring this feature of the data. However, this difference is not found to be statistically significant, a result attributed to the low power of the test (small sample size limiting the accuracy of estimates). In conclusion, the paper provides a theoretically correct price specification for demand functions under block pricing and aggregate data. The empirical findings in the paper, however, are not conclusive and further empirical work using more data and alternative (nonlinear) demand functions, is needed to show the practical implications of the arguments put forward by the Martinez-Espineira's paper. Static empirical consumer demand functions estimated with aggregate data are well known to suffer form serial correlation and other statistical problems asso ciated with misspecified dynamics. These dynamics arise because consumers do not react immediately to a change in prices due to their largely predetermined lifestyle. In the case of demand for water, for example, current purchases can be largely predetermined due to commitments arising from past purchases such as swimming pools, bathtubs, dishwashing machines, etc. Muellbauer and Pashardes (1992) show that the autoregressive nature of consumer demand data can be cap tured in a theoretically consistent manner by incorporating intertemporal aspects of consumer behaviour in the model through habit formation and durability.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2002
1 081 kr
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This work contains up-to-date studies on the economics of sustainable energy in agriculture. The studies focus on energy efficiency improvement and the use of biomass. Specific attention is paid to the economic aspects of land use and the competition for land, both for food production and dedicated energy crops. The book will be of special interest to economists, agronomists, energy experts, and politicians that deal with energy issues in agriculture, both in developing and industrialised countries.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2002
1 113 kr
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This collection of 13 papers addresses current issues in international environmental economics in 2002. The papers: analyse the relationship between trade liberalization and environmental policy; analyse the impact of trade liberalization on environmental quality; investigate problems of commitment faced by regulating authorities; provide insights into the Porter hypothesis; and present empirical research related to international competitiveness and location of polluting plants; and address international environmental agreements, with a special focus on income distribution and the political-economy dimension, tradable emission reductions, and the quantitative impact of trade liberalization and the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol on carbon leakage.
Del 26 - Economy & Environment
Environmental Policy in an International Perspective
Inbunden, Engelska, 2003
1 666 kr
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This volume inc1udes a selection of papers presented at the second European Research Conference (EURESCO) on "The International Dimension of Environmental Policy" held in Acquafredda di Maratea, Italy, in October 2001. We thank those who made this conference possible: the European Science Foundation (ESF), which provided financial and organizational support; the European Commission EURESCO Programme; the Fondazione ENI Enrico Mattei (FEEM) in Milan; and GLOBUS, Tilburg University. The European Science Foundation (ESF), the EURESCO Programme, FEEM and GLOBUS cannot be held responsible for the contents and/or opinions expressed in this volume. Our gratitude also goes to the people who assisted us in editing this volume: the papers' referees, the authors, our publisher Kluwer, and especially to Stefan Jost in Rostock who handled the manuscript with maximum care during the process of copy-editing. None of these persons bears any responsibilities for remaining errors or shortcomings. Laura Marsiliani, Michael Rauscher, and Cees Withagen [Marsiliani, L., Rauscher, M. and Withagen, c.] (eds.), [Environmental Policy in an International Perspective], xi. (c) 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers.Introduction a C Laura Marsiliani , Michael Rauscherb and Cees Withagen a University 0/ Rochester and University 0/ Durham, b University 0/ Rostock, C Free University Amsterdam and Ti/burg University 1. THE ISSUES Nowadays, the proteetion of the environment is one of the most debated issues in the international are~a. Because of the transboundary nature of pollution and the characteristic of the environment as aglobaI public good, international co- operation is highly desirable.
Del 27 - Economy & Environment
Computational Models in the Economics of Environment and Development
Inbunden, Engelska, 2003
560 kr
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Computational Models in the Economics of Environment and Development provides a step-by-step guide in designing, developing, and solving non-linear environment-development models. It accomplishes this by focusing on applied models, using real examples as case studies. Additionally, it gives examples of developing policy interventions based on quantitative model results. Finally, it uses a simple computer program, GAMS, to develop and solve models. This book is targeted towards university lecturers and students in economic modeling and sustainable development, but is also of particular interest to researchers at sustainable development research institutes and policy makers at international sustainable development policy institutions such the World Bank, UNDP, and UNEP.
Del 27 - Economy & Environment
Computational Models in the Economics of Environment and Development
Häftad, Engelska, 2003
560 kr
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Computational Models in the Economics of Environment and Development provides a step-by-step guide in designing, developing, and solving non-linear environment-development models. It accomplishes this by focusing on applied models, using real examples as case studies. Additionally, it gives examples of developing policy interventions based on quantitative model results. Finally, it uses a simple computer program, GAMS, to develop and solve models. This book is targeted towards university lecturers and students in economic modeling and sustainable development, but is also of particular interest to researchers at sustainable development research institutes and policy makers at international sustainable development policy institutions such the World Bank, UNDP, and UNEP.
Del 28 - Economy & Environment
Bioeconomic Modelling and Valuation of Exploited Marine Ecosystems
Inbunden, Engelska, 2006
1 081 kr
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Economic dimensions have been somewhat neglected in research on nature policy and management of marine ecosystem exploitation. The current book aims to ?ll this gap. It examines the mismatches of natural, socio-economic, and regulatory processes and regimes in time and space. This involves dealing with the complexity and uncertainty that are inherent to the interaction of marine ecosystems and economic systems. The approach adopted is based on the idea that the design of sustainability policies requires an integration of insights from resource, environmental, and ecological economics on theonehandandmarinebiologyandenvironmentalsciencesontheotherhand.Forthis purpose, use is made of integrated assessment on the basis of theoretical and applied mathematical models. The book is the result of a large project, hosted by the Department of Spatial E- nomics of the Free University in Amsterdam, under the supervision of the ?rst author. TheprojectreceivedfundingfromtheNetherlandsOrganisationforScienti?cResearch (NWO), through a “priority program”titled“SustainableUseandConservationof- rine Living Resources,” which was initiated and coordinated by Prof. Wim Wolff of the University of Groningen. The work reported here has greatly bene?ted from external advice given by marine biologists who participated in this research program.
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
2 158 kr
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After a period of relative silence, recent years have been marked by an upswing of interest in environmental issues. The publication of the report of the World Commission on Environment and Development on 'Our Common Future' (1987) has acted as a catalyst for a revival of the environmental awareness, not only regarding local and daily pollution problems, but also -and in particular- regarding global environmental decay and threats to a sustainable development. In a recent study by W.M. Stigliani et al., on 'Future Environments for Europe' (Executive Rep~rt 15, IIASA, Laxenburg, 1989) the environmental implications of various alternative socioeconomic development pathways with respect to eleven environmental issues that could become major problems in the future are analysed. These issues include: Managing water resources in an era of climate change. Acidification of soils and lakes in Europe. Long-term forestry management and the possibility of a future shortfall in wood supply. Areas of Europe marginalized by mainstream economic and agricultural development. Sea level rise. Chemical pollution of coastal waters. Toxic materials buildup and the potential for chemical time bombs. Non-point-source emissions of potentially toxic substances. Transportation growth versus air quality. Decreasing multi-functionally of land owing to urban and suburban land development. Increasing summer demand for electricity, and the impact on air quality.
Häftad, Engelska, 2010
1 115 kr
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This book is the second, revised, edition of a text based on a report commissioned by the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA). The main purposes of this book are: to discuss the causes of environmental degradation from an economic perspective; to provide a conceptual framework for the organization of information in order to enhance environmental decision making; to provide an overview of economic methods that can assist in the evaluation of environmental costs and benefits; to give examples of applications of the theoretical methods described. Policy failures are often overlooked as an obstacle to efficient environmental management. Although the main emphasis in this book is on project level analysis, it is essential that such analyses be linked to an understanding of the (dis)incentives for environmental improvements that general economic and particular environmental policies provide. Another essential feature of the book is formed by the links provided between theory and empirical illustrations. It is hoped that these will illustrate the practical usefulness, as well as the difficulties, of applying economics to environmental problems.This new edition has been extended to include a chapter on management of environmental resources and environmental policy instruments. The chapter also includes a discussion on common property resources, a subject which was only briefly dealt with in the first edition of the book. Two case studies concerning policy failures have been added to the last chapter of the book.