Sources and Studies in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences – serie

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122 produkter

Most Honourable Remembrance
The Life and Work of Thomas Bayes
AvAndrew I. Dale
Inbunden, Engelska, 2003
1 761 kr
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I ?nd it impossible to write a preface to this work, without discovering a little of the enthusiasm which I have contracted from an attention to it. Joseph Priestley. The History and Present State of Electricity. It is generally considered bad form in writing, unless on matters autob- graphic,tomakeunbridleduseoftheperpendicularpronoun. Thereaderof the present book, however, may well wonder why one would want to study 1 the life and works of Thomas Bayes, ‘this strangely neglected topic’ , and it is only by a reluctant use of the ?rst person singular on the part of the author that this legitimate question can be answered. It was in the late 1960s that my interest in various aspects of subjective probability was awakened by some of the papers of I. J. (‘Jack’) Good, and this was followed by the reading of works such as Harold Je?reys’s Theory of Probability. In many of these the (apparently simple) result known as Bayes’s Theorem played a pivotal rˆ ole, and it struck me that it might be interesting to ?nd out a bit more about Thomas Bayes himself. In trying to satisfy this curiosity in spasmodic periods over many years I discovered that little information seemed to be available. Writings by John D.
Exploring the Limits of Preclassical Mechanics
A Study of Conceptual Development in Early Modern Science: Free Fall and Compounded Motion in the Work of Descartes, Galileo and Beeckman
AvPeter Damerow,Gideon Freudenthalm. fl.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2004
1 549 kr
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The question of when and how the basic concepts that characterize modern science arose in Western Europe has long been central to the history of science. This book examines the transition from Renaissance engineering and philosophy of nature to classical mechanics oriented on the central concept of velocity. For this new edition, the authors include a new discussion of the doctrine of proportions, an analysis of the role of traditional statics in the construction of Descartes' impact rules, and go deeper into the debate between Descartes and Hobbes on the explanation of refraction. They also provide significant new material on the early development of Galileo's work on mechanics and the law of fall.
Arithmetic of Infinitesimals
AvJohn Wallis
Inbunden, Engelska, 2004
1 659 kr
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The book is the first English translation of John Wallis's Arithmetica Infinitorum (1656), a key text on the seventeenth-century development of the calculus. Accompanied with annotations and an introductory essay, the translation makes Wallis's work fully available for the first time to modern readers. It shows how Wallis drew on some of the most important new ideas from the preceding twenty years, and took them forward to lay the foundations on which Newton was to build. Above all, the book displays the crucial mid-seventeenth-century shift from geometry to arithmetic and algebra as the primary language of mathematics.
Conflicts Between Generalization, Rigor, and Intuition
Number Concepts Underlying the Development of Analysis in 17th-19th Century France and Germany
AvGert Schubring
Inbunden, Engelska, 2005
1 659 kr
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This volume is, as may be readily apparent, the fruit of many years’ labor in archives and libraries, unearthing rare books, researching Nachlässe, and above all, systematic comparative analysis of fecund sources. The work not only demanded much time in preparation, but was also interrupted by other duties, such as time spent as a guest professor at universities abroad, which of course provided welcome opportunities to present and discuss the work, and in particular, the organizing of the 1994 International Graßmann Conference and the subsequent editing of its proceedings. If it is not possible to be precise about the amount of time spent on this work, it is possible to be precise about the date of its inception. In 1984, during research in the archive of the École polytechnique, my attention was drawn to the way in which the massive rupture that took place in 1811—precipitating the change back to the synthetic method and replacing the limit method by the method of the quantités infiniment petites—significantly altered the teaching of analysis at this first modern institution of higher education, an institution originally founded as a citadel of the analytic method.
Geometry of an Art
The History of the Mathematical Theory of Perspective from Alberti to Monge
AvKirsti Andersen
Inbunden, Engelska, 2006
3 751 kr
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Key Issues ver since the late 1970s when Pia Holdt, a student of mine at the time, and Jed Buchwald, a colleague normally working in another field, made E me aware of how fascinating the history of perspective constructions is, I have wanted to know more. My studies have resulted in the present book, in which I am mainly concerned with describing how the understanding of the geometry behind perspective developed and how, and to what extent, new insights within the mathematical theoryof perspective influenced the way the discipline was presented in textbooks. In order to throw light on these aspects of the history of perspective, I have chosen to focus upon a number of key questions that I have divided into two groups. Questions Concerning the History of Geometrical Perspective • How did geometrical constructions of perspective images emerge? • How were they understood mathematically? • How did the geometrical constructions give rise to a mathematical theory of perspective? • How did this theory evolve? Inconnectionwith the last question it is natural to takeup the following themes.
Remarkable Collection of Babylonian Mathematical Texts
Manuscripts in the Schøyen Collection: Cuneiform Texts I
AvJöran Friberg
Inbunden, Engelska, 2007
2 540 kr
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The sub-collection of mathematical cuneiform texts in the Schøyen Collection makes a substantial addition to the known corpus of such texts. It contains 121 texts, not counting 151 multiplication tables and 53 small weight stones. According to the catalog at the end of the Index of Subjects below, where those 121 mathematical texts are ordered by content, nearly all known kinds, and some new kinds, of mathematical cun- form texts are represented in the collection. Therefore it has been possible to organize the present work as a broad general account of Mesopotamian mathematics, illustrated mainly by texts from the Schøyen Collection, but occasionally also by previously published texts. The general disposition of the book is borrowed from my own concise but comprehensive survey of Mesopotamian mathematics in the article on “Mathematics” in Reallexikon der Assyriologie, vol. 7 (1990). My ambition has been to make the account easily accessible to all kinds of readers, yet still as detailed and exhaustive as possible. For that purpose, there is, for instance, an introductory Chapter 0 on “how to get a b- ter understanding of mathematical cuneiform texts”. The chapter begins with a discussion of the danger of unintentional anachronisms in translations of pre-Greek mathematical texts, and continues with a presentation of the kind of “conform” transliterations, translations, and interpretations, true to the original, that will be used throughout the book in discussions of individual texts.
Fibonacci’s Liber Abaci
A Translation into Modern English of Leonardo Pisano’s Book of Calculation
AvLaurence Sigler
Häftad, Engelska, 2003
971 kr
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First published in 1202, Fibonacci's "Liber abaci" was one of the most important books on mathematics in the Middle Ages, introducing Arabic numerals and methods throughout Europe.Its author, Leonardo Pisano, known today as Fibonacci, was a citizen of Pisa, an active maritime power, with trading outposts on the Barbary Coast and other points in the Muslim Empire. As a youth Fibonacci was instructed in mathematics in one of these outposts; he continued his study of mathematics while traveling extensively on business and developed contacts with scientists throughout the Mediterranean world. A member of the academic court around the Emperor Frederick II, Leonardo saw clearly the advantages for both commerce and scholarship of the Hindu positional number system and the algebraic methods developed by al-Khwarizmi and other Muslim scientists.Though it is known as an introduction to the Hindu number system and the algorithms of arithmetic that children now learn in grade school, "Liber abaci" is much more: an encyclopaedia of thirteenth-century mathematics, both theoretical and practical. It develops the tools rigorously, establishing them with Euclidean geometric proofs, and then shows how to apply them to all kinds of situations in business and trade - conversion of measures and currency, allocations of profit, computation of interest, alloying of currencies, and so forth. It is rigorous mathematics, well applied, and vividly described. As the first translation into a modern language of the "Liber abaci", this book will be of interest not only to historians of science, but to all mathematicians and mathematics teachers interested in the origins of their methods.
History of Parametric Statistical Inference from Bernoulli to Fisher, 1713-1935
AvAnders Hald
Inbunden, Engelska, 2006
1 108 kr
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This is a history of parametric statistical inference, written by one of the most important historians of statistics of the 20th century, Anders Hald. This book can be viewed as a follow-up to his two most recent books, although this current text is much more streamlined and contains new analysis of many ideas and developments. And unlike his other books, which were encyclopedic by nature, this book can be used for a course on the topic, the only prerequisites being a basic course in probability and statistics.The book is divided into five main sections:* Binomial statistical inference;* Statistical inference by inverse probability;* The central limit theorem and linear minimum variance estimation by Laplace and Gauss;* Error theory, skew distributions, correlation, sampling distributions;* The Fisherian Revolution, 1912-1935.Throughout each of the chapters, the author provides lively biographical sketches of many of the main characters, including Laplace, Gauss, Edgeworth, Fisher, and Karl Pearson. He also examines the roles played by DeMoivre, James Bernoulli, and Lagrange, and he provides an accessible exposition of the work of R.A. Fisher.This book will be of interest to statisticians, mathematicians, undergraduate and graduate students, and historians of science.
Thomas Harriot's Artis Analyticae Praxis
An English Translation with Commentary
AvMuriel Seltman,Robert Gouldingm. fl.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2007
1 108 kr
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The Artis analyticae praxis was published in 1631 in Latin. Until relatively - cently, an English edition would not have been considered necessary since most of the people who might have been expected to be interested in the text would have been able to read it in Latin. That is no longer the case and it is ?tting that an English edition should be published. It is also the case that a considerable proportion of the readership of the present volume will not be professional mathematicians, so we have tried to produce a translation that makes the mathematical content accessible to the modern reader. This is not because the algebra is intrinsically dif?cult but because it is not the kind of mathematics which is a part of today’s secondary school curriculum. A further problem lies in the fact that the book in the form in which it was - blished in 1631 may very well not conform to Harriot’s intentions for the publi- tion of his mathematical manuscript papers. This is why the book is accompanied by a Commentary which attempts to compare it with the appropriate passages in the surviving manuscript papers. The present work is a translation of the original text and not intended as a facsimile. The original has well over 300 errors (there may very well be more) and we have listed these at the end. In the interests of mathematical accessibility we have tried to produce a mathematically “clean” copy.
Fibonacci's De Practica Geometrie
AvBarnabas Hughes
Inbunden, Engelska, 2007
1 549 kr
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Leonardo da Pisa, perhaps better known as Fibonacci (ca. 1170 – ca. 1240), selected the most useful parts of Greco-Arabic geometry for the book known as De practica geometrie. Beginning with the definitions and constructions found early on in Euclid’s Elements, Fibonacci instructed his reader how to compute with Pisan units of measure, find square and cube roots, determine dimensions of both rectilinear and curved surfaces and solids, work with tables for indirect measurement, and perhaps finally fire the imagination of builders with analyses of pentagons and decagons. His work exceeded what readers would expect for the topic. Practical Geometry is the name of the craft for medieval landmeasurers, otherwise known as surveyors in modern times. Fibonacci wrote De practica geometrie for these artisans, a fitting complement to Liber abbaci. He had been at work on the geometry project for some time when a friend encouraged him to complete the task, which he did, going beyond the merely practical, as he remarked, “Some parts are presented according to geometric demonstrations, other parts in dimensions after a lay fashion, with which they wish to engage according to the more common practice.”This translation offers a reconstruction of De practica geometrie as the author judges Fibonacci wrote it. In order to appreciate what Fibonacci created, the author considers his command of Arabic, his schooling, and the resources available to him. To these are added the authors own views on translation and remarks about prior Italian translations. A bibliography of primary and secondary resources follows the translation, completed by an index of names and special words.
Rise and Development of the Theory of Series up to the Early 1820s
AvGiovanni Ferraro
Inbunden, Engelska, 2007
1 108 kr
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The theory of series in the 17th and 18th centuries poses several interesting problems to historians. Indeed, mathematicians of the time derived num- ous results that range from the binomial theorem to the Taylor formula, from the power series expansions of elementary functions to trigonometric series, from Stirling’s series to series solution of di?erential equations, from theEuler–MaclaurinsummationformulatotheLagrangeinversiontheorem, from Laplace’s theory of generating functions to the calculus of operations, etc. Most of these results were, however, derived using methods that would be found unacceptable today, thus, if we look back to the theory of series priortoCauchywithoutreconstructinginternalmotivationsandtheconc- tual background, it appears as a corpus of manipulative techniques lacking in rigor whose results seem to be the puzzling fruit of the mind of a - gician or diviner rather than the penetrating and complex work of great mathematicians. For this reason, in this monograph, not only do I describe the entire complex of 17th- and 18th-century procedures and results concerning series, but also I reconstruct the implicit and explicit principles upon which they are based, draw attention to the underlying philosophy, highlight competing approaches, and investigate the mathematical context where the series t- ory originated. My aim is to improve the understanding of the framework of 17th- and 18th-century mathematics and avoid trivializing the complexity of historical development by bringing it into line with modern concepts and views and by tacitly assuming that certain results belong, in some unpr- lematic sense, to a uni?ed theory that has come down to us today.
Scientific Correspondence of H.A. Lorentz
Volume I
AvA.J. Kox
Inbunden, Engelska, 2008
2 210 kr
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This volume presents a selection of 434 letters from and to the Dutch physicist and Nobel Prize winner Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (1853–1928), covering the period from 1883 until a few months before his death in February 1928. The sheer size of the available correspondence (approximately 6000 letters from and to Lorentz) preclude a full publication. The letters included in this volume have been selected according to various criteria, the most important of which is scientific importance. A second criterion has been the availability of letters both from and to Lorentz, so that the reader can follow the exchange between Lorentz and his correspondent. Within such correspondences a few unimportant items, dealing with routine administrative or organizational matters, have been omitted. An exception to the scientific criterion is the exchange of letters between Lorentz and Albert Einstein, Max Planck, Woldemar Voigt, and Wilhelm Wien during World War I: these letters have been included because they shed important light on the disruption of the scientific relations during the war and on the political views of these correspondents as well as of Lorentz. similar reasons the letters exchanged with Einstein and Planck on post-war political issues have been included. Biographical sketch Hendrik Antoon Lorentz was born on July 18, 1853 in the Dutch town of Arnhem. He was the son of a relatively well-to-do owner of a nursery.
Granting the Seasons
The Chinese Astronomical Reform of 1280, With a Study of Its Many Dimensions and a Translation of its Records
AvNathan Sivin
Inbunden, Engelska, 2008
1 108 kr
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China’s most sophisticated system of computational astronomy was created for a Mongol emperor who could neither read nor write Chinese, to celebrate victory over China after forty years of devastating war. This book explains how and why, and reconstructs the observatory and the science that made it possible.For two thousand years, a fundamental ritual of government was the emperor’s “granting the seasons” to his people at the New Year by issuing an almanac containing an accurate lunisolar calendar. The high point of this tradition was the “Season-granting system” (Shou-shih li, 1280). Its treatise records detailed instructions for computing eclipses of the sun and moon and motions of the planets, based on a rich archive of observations, some ancient and some new.Sivin, the West’s leading scholar of the Chinese sciences, not only recreates the project’s cultural, political, bureaucratic, and personal dimensions, but translates the extensive treatise and explains every procedure in minimally technical language. The book contains many tables, illustrations, and aids to reference. It is clearly written for anyone who wants to understand the fundamental role of science in Chinese history. There is no comparable study of state science in any other early civilization.
Survey of the Almagest
With Annotation and New Commentary by Alexander Jones
AvOlaf Pedersen,Alexander Jones
Inbunden, Engelska, 2010
1 769 kr
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The Almagest, by the Greek astronomer and mathematician Ptolemy, is the most important surviving treatise on early mathematical astronomy, offering historians valuable insight into the astronomy and mathematics of the ancient world.Pedersen's 1974 publication, A Survey of the Almagest, is the most recent in a long tradition of companions to the Almagest. Part paraphrase and part commentary, Pedersen's work has earned the universal praise of historians and serves as the definitive introductory text for students interested in studying the Almagest.In this revised edition, Alexander Jones, a distinguished authority on the history of early astronomy, provides supplementary information and commentary to the original text to account for scholarship that has appeared since 1974. This revision also incorporates various corrections to Pedersen's original text that have been identified since its publication.This volume is intended to provide students of the history of astronomy with a self-contained introduction to the Almagest, helping them to understand and appreciate Ptolemy's great and classical work.
History of the Central Limit Theorem
From Classical to Modern Probability Theory
AvHans Fischer
Inbunden, Engelska, 2010
1 879 kr
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This study discusses the history of the central limit theorem and related probabilistic limit theorems from about 1810 through 1950. In this context the book also describes the historical development of analytical probability theory and its tools, such as characteristic functions or moments. The central limit theorem was originally deduced by Laplace as a statement about approximations for the distributions of sums of independent random variables within the framework of classical probability, which focused upon specific problems and applications. Making this theorem an autonomous mathematical object was very important for the development of modern probability theory.
Noether Theorems
Invariance and Conservation Laws in the Twentieth Century
AvYvette Kosmann-Schwarzbach
Inbunden, Engelska, 2010
943 kr
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In 1915 and 1916 Emmy Noether was asked by Felix Klein and David Hilbert to assist them in understanding issues involved in any attempt to formulate a general theory of relativity, in particular the new ideas of Einstein. She was consulted particularly over the difficult issue of the form a law of conservation of energy could take in the new theory, and she succeeded brilliantly, finding two deep theorems.But between 1916 and 1950, the theorem was poorly understood and Noether's name disappeared almost entirely. People like Klein and Einstein did little more then mention her name in the various popular or historical accounts they wrote. Worse, earlier attempts which had been eclipsed by Noether's achievements were remembered, and sometimes figure in quick historical accounts of the time. This book carries a translation of Noether's original paper into English, and then describes the strange history of its reception and the responses to her work. Ultimately the theorems became decisive in a shift from basing fundamental physics on conservations laws to basing it on symmetries, or at the very least, in thoroughly explaining the connection between these two families of ideas. The real significance of this book is that it shows very clearly how long it took before mathematicians and physicists began to recognize the seminal importance of Noether's results. This book is thoroughly researched and provides careful documentation of the textbook literature. Kosmann-Schwarzbach has thus thrown considerable light on this slow dance in which the mathematical tools necessary to study symmetry properties and conservation laws were apparently provided long before the orchestra arrives and the party begins.
Lengths, Widths, Surfaces
A Portrait of Old Babylonian Algebra and Its Kin
AvJens Høyrup
Inbunden, Engelska, 2002
1 936 kr
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In this examination of the Babylonian cuneiform "algebra" texts, based on a detailed investigation of the terminology and discursive organization of the texts, Jens Høyrup proposes that the traditional interpretation must be rejected. The texts turn out to speak not of pure numbers, but of the dimensions and areas of rectangles and other measurable geometrical magnitudes, often serving as representatives of other magnitudes (prices, workdays, etc...), much as pure numbers represent concrete magnitudes in modern applied algebra. Moreover, the geometrical procedures are seen to be reasoned to the same extent as the solutions of modern equation algebra, though not built on any explicit deductive structure.
Fibonacci’s Liber Abaci
A Translation into Modern English of Leonardo Pisano’s Book of Calculation
AvLaurence Sigler
Inbunden, Engelska, 2002
1 273 kr
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First published in 1202, Fibonacci's "Liber abaci" was one of the most important books on mathematics in the Middle Ages, introducing Arabic numerals and methods throughout Europe.Its author, Leonardo Pisano, known today as Fibonacci, was a citizen of Pisa, an active maritime power, with trading outposts on the Barbary Coast and other points in the Muslim Empire. As a youth Fibonacci was instructed in mathematics in one of these outposts; he continued his study of mathematics while traveling extensively on business and developed contacts with scientists throughout the Mediterranean world. A member of the academic court around the Emperor Frederick II, Leonardo saw clearly the advantages for both commerce and scholarship of the Hindu positional number system and the algebraic methods developed by al-Khwarizmi and other Muslim scientists.Though it is known as an introduction to the Hindu number system and the algorithms of arithmetic that children now learn in grade school, "Liber abaci" is much more: an encyclopaedia of thirteenth-century mathematics, both theoretical and practical. It develops the tools rigorously, establishing them with Euclidean geometric proofs, and then shows how to apply them to all kinds of situations in business and trade - conversion of measures and currency, allocations of profit, computation of interest, alloying of currencies, and so forth. It is rigorous mathematics, well applied, and vividly described. As the first translation into a modern language of the "Liber abaci", this book will be of interest not only to historians of science, but to all mathematicians and mathematics teachers interested in the origins of their methods.
Jan de Witt’s Elementa Curvarum Linearum, Liber Primus
Text, Translation, Introduction, and Commentary by Albert W. Grootendorst
AvAlbertus W. Grootendorst
Inbunden, Engelska, 2000
1 275 kr
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This book is an English translation of the first textbook on Analytic Geometry, written in Latin by the Dutch statesman and mathematician Jan de Witt soon after Descartes invented the subject. De Witt (1625-1672) is best known for his work in actuarial mathematics ("Calculation of the Values of Annuities as Proportions of the Rents") and for his contributions to analytic geometry, including the focus-directrix definition of conics and the use of the discriminant to distinguish among them. In addition to the translation and annotations, this volume contains an introduction and commentary, including a discussion of the role of conics in Greek mathematics.
History of Inverse Probability
From Thomas Bayes to Karl Pearson
AvAndrew I. Dale
Inbunden, Engelska, 1999
1 659 kr
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PRELIMINARY TEXT. DO NOT USE This is a history of the use of Baye's theorem over 150 years, from its discovery by Thomas Bayes to the rise of statistical competitors in the first third of the twentieth century. The new edition examines the development of the fundamental aspects of Bayesian statistics. There are new sections on contributors to the theory and amplified discussion of revelant work from the first edition.
Emergence of the Theory of Lie Groups
An Essay in the History of Mathematics 1869–1926
AvThomas Hawkins
Inbunden, Engelska, 2000
1 990 kr
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This book is both more and less than a history of the theory of Lie groups during the period 1869-1926. No attempt has been made to provide an exhaustive treatment of all aspects of the theory. Instead, I have focused upon its origins and upon the subsequent development of its structural as pects, particularly the structure and representation of semisimple groups. In dealing with this more limited subject matter, considerable emphasis has been placed upon the motivation behind the mathematics. This has meant paying close attention to the historical context: the mathematical or physical considerations that motivate or inform the work of a particular mathematician as well as the disciplinary ideals of a mathematical school that encourage research in certain directions. As a result, readers will ob tain in the ensuing pages glimpses of and, I hope, the flavor of many areas of nineteenth and early twentieth century geometry, algebra, and analysis. They will also encounter many of the mathematicians of the period, includ ing quite a few not directly connected with Lie groups, and will become acquainted with some of the major mathematical schools. In this sense, the book is more than a history of the theory of Lie groups. It provides a different perspective on the history of mathematics between, roughly, 1869 and 1926. Hence the subtitle.
Tantrasaṅgraha of Nīlakaṇṭha Somayājī
AvK. Ramasubramanian,M. S. Sriram
Inbunden, Engelska, 2011
1 108 kr
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Tantrasangraha, composed by the renowned Kerala astronomer Nīlakantha Somayājī (c.1444-1545 AD) ranks along with Āryabhatīya of Āryabhata and Siddhāntaśiromani of Bhāskarācārya as one of the major works which significantly influenced further work on astronomy in India. One of the distinguishing features is the introduction of a major revision of the traditional Indian planetary model. Nīlakantha arrived at a unified theory of planetary latitudes and a better formulation of the equation of centre for the interior planets (Mercury and Venus) than was previously available.In preparing the translation and explanatory notes, K. Ramasubramanian and M. S. Sriram have used authentic Sanskrit editions of Tantrasangraha by Surand Kunjan Pillai and K V Sarma. All verses have been translated into English, which have been supplemented with detailed explanations including all necessary mathematical relations, illustrative examples, figures and tables using modern mathematical notation.
Jan de Witt’s Elementa Curvarum Linearum
Liber Secundus
AvAlbert W. Grootendorst,Jan Aartsm. fl.
Inbunden, Engelska, 2010
558 kr
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- Following on from the 2000 edition of Jan De Witt’s Elementa Curvarum Linearum, Liber Primus, this book provides the accompanying translation of the second volume of Elementa Curvarum Linearum (Foundations of Curved Lines). One of the first books to be published on Analytic Geometry, it was originally written in Latin by the Dutch statesman and mathematician Jan de Witt, soon after Descartes’ invention of the subject. - Born in 1625, Jan de Witt served with distinction as Grand Pensionary of Holland for much of his adult life. In mathematics, he is best known for his work in actuarial mathematics as well as extensive contributions to analytic geometry.- Elementa Curvarum Linearum, Liber Secondus moves forward from the construction of the familiar conic sections covered in the Liber Primus, with a discussion of problems connected with their classification; given an equation, it covers how one can recover the standard form, and additionally how one can find the equation's geometric properties. - This volume, begun by Albert Grootendorst (1924-2004) and completed after his death by Jan Aarts, Reinie Erné and Miente Bakker, is supplemented by:- annotation explaining finer points of the translation;- extensive commentary on the mathematicsThese features make the work of Jan de Witt broadly accessible to today’s mathematicians.
Selected Correspondence of L.E.J. Brouwer
AvDirk von Dalen
Inbunden, Engelska, 2011
1 177 kr
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L.E.J. Brouwer (1881-1966) is best known for his revolutionary ideas on topology and foundations of mathematics (intuitionism). The present collection contains a mixture of letters; university and faculty correspondence has been included, some of which shed light on the student years, and in particular on the exchange of letters with his PhD adviser, Korteweg. Acting as the natural sequel to the publication of Brouwer’s biography, this book provides instrumental reading for those wishing to gain a deeper understanding of Brouwer and his role in the twentieth century. Striking a good balance of biographical and scientific information, the latter deals with innovations in topology (Cantor-Schoenflies style and the new topology) and foundations. The topological period in his research is well represented in correspondence with Hilbert, Schoenflies, Poincaré, Blumenthal, Lebesgue, Baire, Koebe, and foundational topics are discussed in letters exchanged with Weyl, Fraenkel, Heyting, van Dantzig and others. There is also a large part of correspondence on matters related to the interbellum scientific politics. This book will appeal to both graduate students and researchers with an interest in topology, the history of mathematics, the foundations of mathematics, philosophy and general science.
Cauchy’s Cours d’analyse
An Annotated Translation
AvRobert E. Bradley,C. Edward Sandifer
Inbunden, Engelska, 2009
1 994 kr
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In 1821, Augustin-Louis Cauchy (1789-1857) published a textbook, the Cours d’analyse, to accompany his course in analysis at the Ecole Polytechnique. It is one of the most influential mathematics books ever written. Not only did Cauchy provide a workable definition of limits and a means to make them the basis of a rigorous theory of calculus, but he also revitalized the idea that all mathematics could be set on such rigorous foundations. Today, the quality of a work of mathematics is judged in part on the quality of its rigor, and this standard is largely due to the transformation brought about by Cauchy and the Cours d’analyse.For this translation, the authors have also added commentary, notes, references, and an index.
Between Theory and Observations
Tobias Mayer's Explorations of Lunar Motion, 1751-1755
AvSteven Wepster
Inbunden, Engelska, 2009
1 111 kr
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In the 18th century, purely scientific interests as well as the practical necessities of navigation motivated the development of new theories and techniques to accurately describe celestial and lunar motion. "Between Theory and Observations" presents a detailed and accurate account, not to be found elsewhere in the literature, of Tobias Mayer's important contributions to the study of lunar motion-including the creation of his famous set of lunar tables, which were the most accurate of their time.
Most Honourable Remembrance
The Life and Work of Thomas Bayes
AvAndrew I. Dale
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 663 kr
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I ?nd it impossible to write a preface to this work, without discovering a little of the enthusiasm which I have contracted from an attention to it. Joseph Priestley. The History and Present State of Electricity. It is generally considered bad form in writing, unless on matters autob- graphic,tomakeunbridleduseoftheperpendicularpronoun. Thereaderof the present book, however, may well wonder why one would want to study 1 the life and works of Thomas Bayes, ‘this strangely neglected topic’ , and it is only by a reluctant use of the ?rst person singular on the part of the author that this legitimate question can be answered. It was in the late 1960s that my interest in various aspects of subjective probability was awakened by some of the papers of I. J. (‘Jack’) Good, and this was followed by the reading of works such as Harold Je?reys’s Theory of Probability. In many of these the (apparently simple) result known as Bayes’s Theorem played a pivotal rˆ ole, and it struck me that it might be interesting to ?nd out a bit more about Thomas Bayes himself. In trying to satisfy this curiosity in spasmodic periods over many years I discovered that little information seemed to be available. Writings by John D.
Exploring the Limits of Preclassical Mechanics
A Study of Conceptual Development in Early Modern Science: Free Fall and Compounded Motion in the Work of Descartes, Galileo and Beeckman
AvPeter Damerow,Gideon Freudenthalm. fl.
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
1 552 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
The question of when and how the basic concepts that characterize modern science arose in Western Europe has long been central to the history of science. This book examines the transition from Renaissance engineering and philosophy of nature to classical mechanics oriented on the central concept of velocity. For this new edition, the authors include a new discussion of the doctrine of proportions, an analysis of the role of traditional statics in the construction of Descartes' impact rules, and go deeper into the debate between Descartes and Hobbes on the explanation of refraction. They also provide significant new material on the early development of Galileo's work on mechanics and the law of fall.
Arithmetic of Infinitesimals
AvJohn Wallis
Häftad, Engelska, 2010
1 663 kr
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The book is the first English translation of John Wallis's Arithmetica Infinitorum (1656), a key text on the seventeenth-century development of the calculus. Accompanied with annotations and an introductory essay, the translation makes Wallis's work fully available for the first time to modern readers. It shows how Wallis drew on some of the most important new ideas from the preceding twenty years, and took them forward to lay the foundations on which Newton was to build. Above all, the book displays the crucial mid-seventeenth-century shift from geometry to arithmetic and algebra as the primary language of mathematics.
Conflicts Between Generalization, Rigor, and Intuition
Number Concepts Underlying the Development of Analysis in 17th-19th Century France and Germany
AvGert Schubring
Häftad, Engelska, 2010
1 663 kr
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This volume is, as may be readily apparent, the fruit of many years’ labor in archives and libraries, unearthing rare books, researching Nachlässe, and above all, systematic comparative analysis of fecund sources. The work not only demanded much time in preparation, but was also interrupted by other duties, such as time spent as a guest professor at universities abroad, which of course provided welcome opportunities to present and discuss the work, and in particular, the organizing of the 1994 International Graßmann Conference and the subsequent editing of its proceedings. If it is not possible to be precise about the amount of time spent on this work, it is possible to be precise about the date of its inception. In 1984, during research in the archive of the École polytechnique, my attention was drawn to the way in which the massive rupture that took place in 1811—precipitating the change back to the synthetic method and replacing the limit method by the method of the quantités infiniment petites—significantly altered the teaching of analysis at this first modern institution of higher education, an institution originally founded as a citadel of the analytic method.

Sources and Studies in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences – serie

Most Honourable Remembrance

Exploring the Limits of Preclassical Mechanics

Arithmetic of Infinitesimals

Conflicts Between Generalization, Rigor, and Intuition

Geometry of an Art

Remarkable Collection of Babylonian Mathematical Texts

Fibonacci’s Liber Abaci

History of Parametric Statistical Inference from Bernoulli to Fisher, 1713-1935

Thomas Harriot's Artis Analyticae Praxis

Fibonacci's De Practica Geometrie

Rise and Development of the Theory of Series up to the Early 1820s

Scientific Correspondence of H.A. Lorentz

Granting the Seasons

Survey of the Almagest

History of the Central Limit Theorem

Noether Theorems

Lengths, Widths, Surfaces

Fibonacci’s Liber Abaci

Jan de Witt’s Elementa Curvarum Linearum, Liber Primus

History of Inverse Probability

Emergence of the Theory of Lie Groups

Tantrasaṅgraha of Nīlakaṇṭha Somayājī

Jan de Witt’s Elementa Curvarum Linearum

Selected Correspondence of L.E.J. Brouwer

Cauchy’s Cours d’analyse

Between Theory and Observations

Most Honourable Remembrance

Exploring the Limits of Preclassical Mechanics

Arithmetic of Infinitesimals

Conflicts Between Generalization, Rigor, and Intuition