New Trends in Translation Studies - Böcker

The genre of crime fiction – so often rooted in the details of a place, time and subculture – enjoys significant international popularity and provides readers with a unique opportunity to explore the different cultural identities represented in its texts. This book offers a convincing rationale to illustrate how crime fiction in translation can be especially productive when examining the projection of a specific cultural identity to a new, foreign readership. Focusing on the intercultural transcreation of Australian cultural identity for a new francophone readership, the book offers a comprehensive and accessible theme-based analysis highlighting how the choice of translation strategy can significantly affect representations of cultural identity. The author asks important questions about the compromises that are necessary in finding creative solutions to translation problems and discovers some unexpected and surprising consequences of the decisions made for the new readers who believe they are gaining insights into another culture through reading crime fiction in translation.

This edited volume showcases essays revolving around diverse translation discourses and practices in China, Korea and Japan. Knowledge transfer and cultural exchanges have historically flourished in East Asia and translation functions as an important social, cultural and political tool to this day. The essays in this volume discuss a wide range of historical and contemporary subjects, each examining distinctive translational activities and foregrounding their cultural significance in their respective time and place. They give a voice to various translational traditions in East Asia, where regional particularities and interlinkages are in effect. The contributors bring together different areas of expertise, such as the history of translation, political activism and translation, literary translation, transcreation and the translation profession.

The culture specificity of speech acts may pose daunting challenges in translating audiovisual products. This volume offers intriguing insights into the ways dubbing translators seek to establish pragmatic equivalence in speech acts such as requests, instructions, advice, invitations and offers. What is the nature of pragmatic equivalence in speech acts? What types of pragmatic shifts do translators employ in the pursuit of pragmatic equivalence? Do shifts in directness have a bearing on target language politeness? While focused on a relatively large amount of linguistic data retrieved from more than 700 episodes of twenty different television series, the study introduces a multidimensional model that can be used as a heuristic tool in the analysis of speech acts in translation studies. This venture into the realm of pragmatics and translation research is aimed at capturing dominant patterns in translating speech acts in audiovisual translation, which, as the author claims, could be tied to translation universals.

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have radically changed the way we live and work, and the field of interpreting is no exception. Interpreter training today needs to prepare students for this new professional reality and ICTs are increasingly being incorporated into the interpreting classroom, with devices such as the digital pen, double-track recording tools, transcription and annotation software, and speech banks serving as valuable training tools.With the aim of exploring some of the new developments taking place in the field of conference interpreter training in the digital age, this volume brings together a selection of contributions by experts in the field. They showcase the experiences of various institutional and academic stakeholders, and focus on areas such as remote interpreting and virtual classes, online repositories and resources, virtual learning environments (VLEs), and accessibility issues, among many others.

This volume affords an opportunity to reconsider international connections and conflicts from the specific standpoint of translation as a dynamic, sociocultural activity, carried out and influenced by numerous stakeholders. The various chapters contained in this volume survey a wide range of languages and cultures, and they all pivot around the relationships that can be established between translation and ideology, re-narration, identity, cultural representation and knowledge reproduction. The ultimate aim is to shed light on the actual act of translating in which the self is well-presented and beautified and the other is deformed and made ugly. In this volume, due consideration is given to the main frames (be they characterization, interpretive or identity frames) as well as to the nonverbal factors that play a fundamental role in forming the final shape of the translated product.

Verbal irony is a common phenomenon in communication, but its convoluted nature makes it difficult to translate. This book expands on previous studies of the translation of irony by examining the mechanisms of verbal irony in its translation from Catalan and Spanish into English. It accentuates the importance of ironic cues not only in processing irony but also in rendering it across cultures. It also interrogates its translatability in the narratives of two Latin American authors, Julio Cortázar and Juan José Arreola, and two Catalan writers, Pere Calders and Quim Monzó. Comparative analyses of the source and target texts further reveal obstacles in the cross-cultural communication of irony. Based on a proposed classification of ironic cues, this book provides guidelines for the effective translation of irony. The corpus, which is subject to an interdisciplinary analysis rooted in Discourse Stylistics, comprises a compelling range of short stories that tacitly bespeak the authors’ stances towards twentieth-century sociohistorical events as well as more general contemporary issues. The connection between Calders’s and Cortazar’s exiles and their ironic styles is equally explored.

«This comprehensive, insightful and well-researched work is an essential and timely contribution to sustaining the training of healthcare interpreters. It provides an important foundation for trainers, researchers and practitioners, based on a thorough and up-to-date reflection on the challenges and needs of healthcare interpreting today, and on the development of training materials for interpreter trainers carried out by the European project ReACTMe. It is a rich, powerful, compelling and much needed book in the field of healthcare interpreting studies.»(Dora Sales, Senior Lecturer, Department of Translation and Communication, Jaume I University, Spain)«This volume breaks new ground by examining health inequities through a pedagogical and justice-oriented lens in the context of healthcare interpreting in Spain, Italy and Romania. By foregrounding specialized training that targets both emerging interpreters as well as trainers, the authors offer a fresh look at teaching and learning for healthcare interpreters by offering authentic, creative resources that can be adapted for any national context.»(Melissa Wallace, Associate Professor of Translation and Interpreting Studies and Director of the Graduate Certificate in Translation & Interpreting Studies, University of Texas at San Antonio, USA)Medical Interpreting: Training the Professionals presents the results of the project Research & Action and Training in Medical Interpreting (ReACTMe) funded by the European Commission, which analysed the interpreting services offered in healthcare settings in Spain, Italy and Romania. This edited collection provides the reader not only with an update on the current situation regarding medical interpreting from different perspectives (decision makers, trainers, professional interpreters, healthcare providers and patients) but also with training resources and a proposal for an academic programme to teach medical interpreters. It is therefore ideal reading for medical interpreting trainers, researchers and practitioners. The book is also of interest to healthcare professionals as it includes a decalogue on how to work with interpreters in five languages.

The increasing practice of remote interpreting (RI) by telephone and video link has profoundly changed the ways in which interpreting services are being delivered. Although clinical research on RI has reported positive results, empirical research in other settings, such as legal contexts, has demonstrated that RI can affect the quality of interpreter-mediated communication.This book investigates the possible effects of using RI on the quality of healthcare interpreting. Central to the research design are three series of simulated interpreter-mediated doctor–patient encounters, each involving a different interpreter and using three different interpreting methods: face-to-face interpreting, telephone interpreting and video interpreting. These sessions were video recorded, transcribed and annotated according to categories previously established in interpreting studies. First, quantitative analyses of miscommunication and interaction management were carried out to identify potential relationships between message equivalence issues and interactional issues and to establish the possible influence of environmental and technological factors. These data were submitted to comparative, qualitative analyses, which were triangulated with the findings from the participants’ perceptions, collected by means of thirty post-simulation interviews. The insights generated by this work are highly relevant for all users of RI to anticipate and overcome communication problems.

This volume presents a comprehensive, state-of-the-art overview of the different ways in which the two terms «politics» and «translation» interact. It affords an opportunity to look at translation as a highly complex activity that involves the participation of different agents with different backgrounds, orientations, ideologies, competences, goals and purposes. At the macro level, translation is seen as an activity carried out by gatekeepers – translators, trans-editors, translation quality controllers, translation project managers, and the like – to promote a certain narrative, achieve a goal or pursue an agenda. The ultimate aim of this volume is to shed light on how these various stakeholders explicitly or implicitly interpolate their cultural background, beliefs and values into the resulting text, thus overtly or covertly intervening to promote a certain theme or narrative.

Accessibility, understood as social integration, has been studied from many perspectives yet, due to our constantly changing environment, the concept is still in flux and needs to be reexamined.Within Translation Studies, audiovisual translation (AVT) has expanded the concept of translation activity and its growth has been exponential. In recent decades, AVT and accessibility studies have developed side by side, and the intersection of both fields has been at the heart of academic research as well as of professional practice.This collective volume showcases nine chapters written by specialists who approach the topic from different, yet complementary perspectives. All of them analyse the production of accessible translated material that requires adaptation to meet the needs and expectations of a multifarious audience, including older people, persons with sensory and cognitive disabilities, and those with limited digital knowledge.

This book addresses specialized translation, focusing on the forms of translation with the potential to make specialized languages more comprehensible and accessible, namely intralingual and intersemiotic translation. The book offers strategies to assist both readers and translators in approaching specialized languages not only from a professional or academic perspective but also from a practical one, encouraging and promoting a new approach to facilitating their understanding of specialized languages. In so doing, it demonstrates how the exploitation of graphic texts (whether static or animated) represents an invaluable instrument on both a pedagogical and social level. Graphic communication is shown to assist in the drafting of various types of specialized documents to make them more accessible to the general public, thus proposing that graphic art might represent a more unbiased approach to specialized languages and, as a result, contribute to a more egalitarian distribution of knowledge.

This monograph examines a selection of plays originally written in English and first translated into Spanish during the period of Francoist censorship (1939–1978), many of which continue to be staged and published in the twenty-first century. Drawing on a corpus that includes several translations of The Glass Menagerie, The Crucible, Happy Days and The Lover, the book explores how themes frequently subject to (self-)censorship under the Franco dictatorship – such as sexual morality, politics, religion and foul language – were handled in these translations. By analysing these works, the book provides empirical insights into the impact of Francoist censorship on theatre translations and traces their evolution to the present time.

This book examines some of the criteria against which translated fictional and non-fictional works are assessed. It not only provides a novel cross-cultural insight into reviewing practices, assessing how translations are reviewed differently in the United Kingdom, France and Germany, but it also compares the way in which reviewers for different platforms assess translated works, from a popular platform open to reviews from the general public, through mainstream broadsheets and cultural supplements, to specialised literary magazines.The book takes its inspiration from The Translator’s Invisibility: A History of Translation, in which Lawrence Venuti examines the reviewing of translations and contends that fluency is the main criterion against which translations are read and assessed by reviewers, ultimately rendering the translator «invisible». The book therefore provides a timely and thorough update to Venuti’s study and offers insights into the status of translation in book reviews.

This book investigates the intricate connections between retranslation and the profound socio-cultural changes that have shaped Western cultures over the past two centuries. The collected essays address issues such as literary reception, the renewal of literary canons, readers’ expectations and tastes, the transformation of aesthetic values and linguistic standards, the changing status of translators and the position of translated texts in the target polysystems.Drawing on diverse approaches and methodologies, the volume examines publishing history, literary reception, canon formation and the role of texts and paratexts. It offers an original perspective on the methods, purposes and motivations behind retranslation, underlining the historical dimension of a practice that has always been linked to the transformations of the target cultures and their ways of approaching foreignness.

This book offers a range of analyses of the multiplicity of opinions and ideologies attached to rendering, in familiar or unfamiliar voices, languages known as non-standard varieties. The contributions include theoretical reflections, case studies and comparative studies that draw from the full spectrum of translation strategies adopted in rendering non-standard varieties and reflect the endless possibilities of language variation.The strength of the volume lies in the wide range of languages discussed, from Arabic to Turkish and from Italian to Catalan, as well as in its variety of complementary and contrastive methodologies. The contributions reveal the importance of exploring further issues in translating local voices. Discussing dialects and marginal voices in translation, the contributors encourage and challenge the reader to reflect on what is standard and non-standard, acceptable and unacceptable, thereby overturning accepted principles and challenging familiar practices.

Research on dubbing in audiovisual productions has been prolific in the past few decades, which has helped to expand our understanding of the history and impact of dubbing worldwide. Much of this work, however, has been concerned with the linguistic aspects of audiovisual productions, whereas studies emphasizing the importance of visual and acoustic dimensions are few and far between.Against this background, Dubbing, Film and Performance attempts to fill a gap in Audiovisual Translation (AVT) research by investigating dubbing from the point of view of film and sound studies. The author argues that dubbing ought to be viewed and analysed holistically in terms of its visual, acoustic and linguistic composition. The ultimate goal is to raise further awareness of the changes dubbing brings about by showing its impact on characterization. To this end, a tripartite model has been devised to investigate how visual, aural and linguistic elements combine to construct characters and their performance in the original productions and how these are deconstructed and reconstructed in translation through dubbing. To test the model, the author analyses extracts of the US television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer and its French dubbed version.

Making a contribution to the still under-researched translation history of Verne’s Extraordinary Journeys, this book examines the causes of a selection of renderings from French into English of the 1873 Jules Verne novel Le Tour du monde en quatre-vingts jours (Around the World in Eighty Days). This study integrates a number of methodologies in order to offer a comprehensive explanation of translation outcomes. It presents a diachronic investigation of the multiple interacting translation causes which have produced various retranslations of the same work.A corpus of target texts, from 1873 to 2004, is analysed in order to discover the translation strategies employed and their likely causes using Pym’s (1998) model of the four Aristotelian causes of social phenomena, as applied to translation. Translators’ biographical details are studied to ascertain the agency of the translator. The book addresses the difficulties encountered in uncovering biographical information on certain translators, and the considerations involved in selecting a suitable corpus of retranslated texts. It provides some understanding of the reasons for which retranslations of a canonical novel are undertaken and contributes to arguments concerning translation universals.

What does it take to be a legal translator? What is expected of legal translation professionals in the public and private sectors? Following recent developments in the field, there is a need to take stock of professional settings, skills and related training needs. This volume offers a systematic overview of the diverse professional profiles within legal translation and the wide range of communicative situations in which legal translators play their roles as mediators. Contexts of professional practice have been classified into three main categories, which give shape to the three parts of the book: (1) legal translation in the private sector; (2) legal translation for national public institutions; and (3) legal translation at international organizations. Practical concerns within each of these settings are analysed by experts of diverse backgrounds, including several heads of institutional translation teams. Commonalities and differences between contexts are identified as a means of gaining a comprehensive understanding of this multifaceted and dynamically changing profession.

An increasing number of contributions have appeared in recent years on the subject of Audiovisual Translation (AVT), particularly in relation to dubbing and subtitling. The broad scope of this branch of Translation Studies is challenging because it brings together diverse disciplines, including film studies, translatology, semiotics, linguistics, applied linguistics, cognitive psychology, technology and ICT.This volume addresses issues relating to AVT research and didactics. The first section is dedicated to theoretical aspects in order to stimulate further debate and encourage progress in research-informed teaching. The second section focuses on a less developed area of research in the field of AVT: its potential use in foreign language pedagogy.This collection of articles is intended to create a discourse on new directions in AVT and foreign language learning. The book begins with reflections on wider methodological issues, advances to a proposed model of analysis for colloquial speech, touches on more ‘niche’ aspects of AVT (e.g. surtitling), progresses to didactic applications in foreign language pedagogy and learning at both linguistic and cultural levels, and concludes with a practical proposal for the use of AVT in foreign language classes. An interview with a professional subtitler draws the volume to a close.

The aim of this book is to study how politeness, and particularly face negotiation, is dealt with when subtitling between Chinese and English. Face negotiation refers to the process of managing relationships across different cultures through verbal and nonverbal interactions. This research specifically investigates how British and Chinese audiences respond to face management through a study focused on film subtitling and viewers’ reception and response.The book offers a survey of the developments in research on face management in Far East cultures and in the West. The author then presents a composite model of face management for analysing face interactions in selected Chinese and English film sequences as well as its representation in the corresponding subtitles. Support for the research is provided by audience response experiments conducted with six Chinese and six British subjects, using one-on-one interviews. The audience responses show that viewers who rely on subtitles gain a significantly different impression of the interlocutors’ personality, attitude and intentions than those of native audiences. The results also demonstrate that the nature of the power relations between interlocutors changes from the original to the subtitled version.

This volume gathers contributions representing the main trends in translation and interpreting studies by authors in the Iberian peninsula, with a focus on the Iberian languages (Basque, Catalan, Portuguese/Galician and Spanish). The essays cover different methodologies and objects of analysis, including traditional textual and historical approaches as well as contemporary methods, such as cultural, sociological, cognitive and gender-oriented perspectives. This seemingly eclectic approach pivots around seven focal points that aim to reflect the most frequent research topics in the Iberian peninsula: (i) theoretical and methodological approaches; (ii) translation and interpreting training; (iii) historical perspectives; (iv) terminology; (v) rapidly evolving fields in the translation and interpreting industry, such as localization and public service interpreting; (vi) translation of literature; and (vii) translation studies journals.

Drawing on recent theoretical developments in second language acquisition, this book proposes a new approach to the learning of foreign languages through subtitled audiovisual input. Subtitled text is explored as a source of language acquisition, and its dialogue and subtitle components are focused on as sources of linguistic input. The primary focus of the research is subtitling and the impact it can have on learners’ noticing and acquisition of linguistic structures. The concept of translational salience is introduced, a phenomenon that can occur due to an accentuated contrast between L2 dialogue and L1 subtitles. Two experimental studies on the acquisition of English syntax by Italian learners are used to test the role of translational salience in both noticing and L2 learning. The results lead to a definition of salience particular to the audiovisual medium and raise challenging issues in the pedagogic applications of subtitling.

Translation is a textual and discursive practice embedded in competing cultural identities and language ideologies; it is a site through which we can observe the operations and implications of language power. In this regard, multilingual societies provide fertile ground for the exploration of translation practice from the perspective of sociolinguistic tension. This book examines the relationship between translation-mediated multi-literate practice and language ideology in multilingual Singapore. It problematises literary translation in light of the power relation between the official languages in the city-state, with special emphasis on English and Chinese. Based on published translations and multilingual anthologies, it investigates the implications of such power relations for intercultural communication through translation. The book also discusses how the translational problems that accrue from language ideology may contribute to a nuanced understanding of cross-lingual practice and to the realisation of intercultural knowledge in multilingual Singapore.

To date, translation theory offers no satisfactory response to the multidimensional challenge of rerendering postmodern texts. As the existence of linguistic and cultural plurality in these writings is now widely acknowledged, many theorists recognise the impossibility of achieving complete equivalence in translation. If the fragmented, decentred, postmodern source text (ST) is to be rerendered in the target language (TL), a process of ‘rewriting’ is deemed necessary. Nevertheless, such an approach, if taken too far, may not always be the most appropriate.Focusing on the French journalist and novelist Claude Sarraute, whose postmodern writings offer a suitable body of texts for study, this book seeks to determine effective means by which the translator can first read and analyse postmodern STs and subsequently preserve their intricacies in the TL. To provide an original response to this challenge grounded in both theoretical and practical evidence, the author refers to the work of the Bakhtin Circle; concepts from literary theory, stylistics and translation theory; and translations of a body of texts as variegated in character as those of Sarraute. Using the approach which she recommends, the author then explains how she rerenders in English a collection of Sarraute’s polyphonic writings.

This volume explores the expansion of audiovisual translation studies and practices within European institutions, universities and businesses. The wide variety of contributions from researchers and practitioners from different countries and backgrounds reflects the rapid pace and complex nature of this expansion.The first section is dedicated to the multiple relations and intersections of AVT with culture and demonstrates how translation is conditioned by the (in)correct perception and codification of cultural values, both in dubbing and subtitling. The second section focuses on new perspectives on media accessibility, providing a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in this relatively young but growing area. The contributions are in line with a new trend in the field of AVT that presents accessibility as both an asset and a universal right, thus highlighting the importance of increased accessibility to audiovisual media content for all viewers.

The literature on translation and technology has generally taken two forms: general overviews, in which the tools are described, and functional descriptions of how such tools and technologies are implemented in specific projects, often with a view to improving the quality of translator training. There has been far less development of the deeper implications of technology in its cultural, ethical, political and social dimensions. In an attempt to address this imbalance, the present volume offers a collection of articles, written by leading experts in the field, that explore some of the current communicational and informational trends that are defining our contemporary world and impinging on the translation profession. The contributions have been divided into three main areas in which translation and technology come together: (1) social spheres, (2) education and training and (3) research. This volume represents a bold attempt at contextualizing translation technologies and their applications within a broader cultural landscape and encourages intellectual reflection on the crucial role played by technology in the translation profession.